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IEEE International Conference on data Mining Workshops (ICDM Workshops)

作者： Pragati Maheshwary Qiawen Liu Rui Mao Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University United States Department of Psychology University of Wisconsin-Madison United States College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (数字)9798331530631

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530648

Metaphorical expressions are widely used in daily communication between humans to improve the understanding of both complex and abstract concepts. However, it is unclear whether the usage of metaphorical language is helpful for enhancing the conversational engagement between humans and AI. In this work, we leverage a state-of-the-art computational metaphor processing tool to gain insights from human and ChatGPT conversations. Our quantitative analysis finds that although metaphors may enhance the quality of human-AI interactions, they do not directly lead to higher levels of conversational engagement, which is measured by the duration of the conversation. However, regression analysis shows a notable relationship between user and ChatGPT metaphor usage, suggesting that ChatGPT is adept at reflecting the linguistic style of users, especially in terms of metaphorical language. Additional topic modeling and concept mapping analyses further explored the patterns of metaphorical language across various engagement levels and topics in user and ChatGPT messages.

关键词： Analytical models Conferences Oral communication Linguistics Chatbots Regression analysis data mining Artificial intelligence

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Large Model for Small data: Foundation Model for Cross-Modal RF Human Activity Recognition

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Weng, Yuxuan Wu, Guoquan Zheng, Tianyue Yang, Yanbing Luo, Jun Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology China Smart City Center Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology China College of Computer Science Sichuan University China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Radio-Frequency (RF)-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) rises as a promising solution for applications unamenable to techniques requiring computer visions. However, the scarcity of labeled RF data due to their non-interpretable nature poses a significant obstacle. Thanks to the recent breakthrough of foundation models (FMs), extracting deep semantic insights from unlabeled visual data become viable, yet these vision-based FMs fall short when applied to small RF datasets. To bridge this gap, we introduce FM-Fi, an innovative cross-modal framework engineered to translate the knowledge of vision-based FMs for enhancing RF-based HAR systems. FM-Fi involves a novel cross-modal contrastive knowledge distillation mechanism, enabling an RF encoder to inherit the interpretative power of FMs for achieving zero-shot learning. It also employs the intrinsic capabilities of FM and RF to remove extraneous features for better alignment between the two modalities. The framework is further refined through metric-based few-shot learning techniques, aiming to boost the performance for predefined HAR tasks. Comprehensive evaluations evidently indicate that FM-Fi rivals the effectiveness of vision-based methodologies, and the evaluation results provide empirical validation of FM-Fi’s generalizability across various environments. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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How robust is your fair model? Exploring the robustness of prominent fairness strategies

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data Mining and Knowledge Discovery 2025年第4期39卷 1-35页

作者： Small, Edward A. Shao, Wei Zhang, Zeliang Liu, Peihan Chan, Jeffrey Sokol, Kacper Salim, Flora D. ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society School of Computing Technologies RMIT University Melbourne Australia Data61 CSIRO Eveleigh Australia School of Computing Technologies RMIT University Melbourne Australia Department of Mathematics University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Computer Science ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-Making and Society School of Computer Science and Engineering UNSW Sydney Sydney Australia

With the introduction of machine learning in high stakes decision-making, ensuring algorithmic fairness has become an increasingly important task. To this end, many mathematical definitions of fairness have been proposed, and a variety of optimisation techniques have been developed, all designed to maximise a given notion of fairness. Fair solutions, however, tend to rely on the quality of training data, and can be highly sensitive to noise. Recent studies have shown that robustness of many such fairness strategies—i.e., their ability to perform well on unseen data—is not a given and requires careful consideration. To address this challenge, we propose robustness ratio, which is a novel criterion to measure the robustness of diverse fairness optimisation strategies. We support our analysis with multiple extensive experiments on five benchmark fairness data sets, using three prominent fairness strategies, in view of four of the most popular definitions of fairness. Our experiments show that while fairness methods that rely on threshold optimisation (post-processing) mostly outperform other techniques, they are acutely sensitive to noise. This is in contrast to two other methods—correlation remover (pre-processing) and exponentiated gradient descent (in-processing)—which become increasingly fairer as the random noise injected into the data becomes larger. Our findings offer a comprehensive overview of fairness strategies that proves invaluable when tasked with choosing the most suitable method for the task at hand. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to quantitatively evaluate the robustness of fairness optimisation strategies.

关键词： Fairness Evaluation Comparison Benchmarking Optimisation Robustness Machine learning

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ZeroED: Hybrid Zero-shot Error Detection through Large Language Model Reasoning

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ni, Wei Zhang, Kaihang Miao, Xiaoye Zhao, Xiangyu Wu, Yangyang Wang, Yaoshu Yin, Jianwei Center for Data Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou China The State Key Lab of Brain-Machine Intelligence Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Department of Data Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Software College Zhejiang University Ningbo China Shenzhen Institute of Computing Sciences Shenzhen China College of Computer Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

Error detection (ED) in tabular data is crucial yet challenging due to diverse error types and the need for contextual understanding. Traditional ED methods often rely heavily on manual criteria and labels, making them labor-intensive. Large language models (LLM) can minimize human effort but struggle with errors requiring a comprehensive understanding of data context. In this paper, we propose ZeroED, a novel hybrid error detection framework, which combines LLM reasoning ability with the machine learning pipeline via zero-shot prompting. ZeroED operates in four steps, i.e., feature representation, error labeling, training data construction, and detector training. Initially, to enhance error distinction, ZeroED generates rich data representations using LLM-driven error reason-aware binary features, pre-trained embeddings, and statistical features. Then, ZeroED employs LLM to holistically label errors through in-context learning, guided by a two-step LLM reasoning process for detailed ED guidelines. To reduce token costs, LLMs are applied only to representative data selected via clustering-based sampling. High-quality training data is constructed through in-cluster label propagation and LLM augmentation with verification. Finally, a classifier is trained to detect all errors. Extensive experiments on seven datasets demonstrate that, ZeroED outperforms state-of-the-art methods by a maximum 30% improvement in F1 score and up to 90% token cost reduction. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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Multi-View Graph Embedding Learning for Image Co-Segmentation and Co-Localization

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 2024年第6期34卷 4942-4956页

作者： Huang, Aiping Li, Lijian Zhang, Le Niu, Yuzhen Zhao, Tiesong Lin, Chia-Wen Fuzhou University Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou350108 China Fuzhou University Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350108 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Communication Engineering Chengdu611731 China Fuzhou University Fujian Key Laboratory for Intelligent Processing and Wireless Transmission of Media Information College of Physics and Information Engineering The Fujian Science and Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information Fuzhou350108 China Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Image co-segmentation and co-localization exploit inter-image information to identify and extract foreground objects with a batch mode. However, they remain challenging when confronted with large object variations or complex backgrounds. This paper proposes a multi-view graph embedding (MV-Gem) learning scheme which integrates diversity, robustness and discernibility of object features to alleviate this phenomenon. To encourage the diversity, the deep co-information containing both low-layer general representations and high-layer semantic information is generated to form a multi-view feature pool for comprehensive co-object description. To enhance the robustness, a multi-view adaptive weighted learning is formulated to fuse the deep co-information for feature complementation. To ensure the discernibility, the graph embedding and sparse constraint are embedded into the fusion formulation for feature selection. The former aims to inherit important structures from multiple views, and the latter further selects important features to restrain irrelevant backgrounds. With these techniques, MV-Gem gradually recovers all co-objects through optimization iterations. Extensive experimental results on real-world datasets demonstrate that MV-Gem is capable of locating and delineating co-objects in an image group. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Automatic Repeat Request Design in AoI-Aware Broadcast With Heterogeneous Direct and Relay-Assisted Users

引用

IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Wang, Xueer Pan, Haoyuan Chan, Tse-Tin Li, Jianqiang Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China The Education University of Hong Kong Department of Mathematics and Information Technology Hong Kong Shenzhen University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen China

This paper investigates the design of automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocols in age of information (AoI)-aware broadcast systems with heterogeneous users, including both direct and relay-assisted users. In this setup, a direct user receives status updates directly via a single-hop link, while a relay-assisted user can receive status updates through either a direct single-hop link or a two-hop relay-assisted link. While ARQ is commonly used to ensure reliable transmission in error-prone wireless networks, previous studies suggest that ARQ does not improve the average AoI in single-hop networks. However, its impact on AoI in systems with relays, particularly those involving heterogeneous users, remains unclear. We address this gap by analyzing the average AoI under different ARQ strategies, introducing a transmission limit k ≥ 0 at the relay. Here, k = 0, k = 1, and k > 1 correspond to non-relay, non-ARQ-at-relay, and truncated-ARQ-at-relay strategies, respectively. Utilizing a unified Markov chain framework that models the transmission processes for each user type, we derive the theoretical average AoI. Our results show that the direct user benefits most from non-relay and non-ARQ strategies, similar to single-hop systems. In contrast, the relay-assisted user achieves optimal performance with truncated-ARQ-at-relay, leveraging both direct and relay-assisted links. For the overall system, applying a non-ARQ-at-relay approach strikes a balance in AoI between the direct and relay-assisted users, leading to a more stable and lower system-wide average AoI. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile telecommunication systems

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Candidate Evaluation with Multimodal data-Driven for Recruitment 27th

Candidate Evaluation with Multimodal Data-Driven for Recru...

引用

27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Wu, Xing Liu, Kehong Wang, Jianjia Yao, Junfeng Deng, Bin Lv, Rongqi Song, Jun School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China School of AI and Advanced Computing XJTLU Entrepreneur College Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou215412 China CSSC Seago System Technology Co. Ltd. Shanghai200010 China Science and Technology on Near-Surface Detection Laboratory Jangsu Wuxi214035 China Department of Geography Hong Kong Baptist University 999077 Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781858

In the field of intelligent recruitment, automated resume matching and non-contact interviews have significantly improved the efficiency of companies in finding suitable candidates. This corresponds to the techniques of person-job matching and AI interviews. However, current person-job matching methods lack substantial data support, while AI interview methods struggle to integrate deep information from multimodal data and provide comprehensive evaluations of candidates’ responses. To address these challenges, we propose a multimodal data-driven person-job evaluation model, comprising two key stages: a person-job matching method based on graph attention and a multimodal AI interview method. Using a dual-perspective graph neural network approach, we accomplish the screening of candidates and positions. In the second stage, we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of candidates’ interview performance based on text, audio, and image modalities, providing a more objective, consistent, and efficient interview assessment method. Experimental results demonstrate that our person-job matching method surpasses current popular techniques and effectively transfers features to the next stage. In our multimodal AI interview method, we achieve accurate scoring of candidate responses, assessment of intonation stress levels, and inference of their Big Five personality traits, comprehensively evaluating candidates from multiple perspectives. This confirms the superiority and efficiency of our approach. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Using data Mining Techniques to Analyze Facial Expression Motion Vectors 6th

Using Data Mining Techniques to Analyze Facial Expression Mo...

引用

6th International Conference on Dynamics of Information Systems, DIS 2023

作者： Roshanzamir, Mohamad Alizadehsani, Roohallah Roshanzamir, Mahdi Shoeibi, Afshin Gorriz, Juan M. Khosravi, Abbas Nahavandi, Saeid Acharya, U. Rajendra Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Fasa University Fasa74617-81189 Iran Deakin University GeelongVIC Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran Data Science and Computational Intelligence Institute University of Granada Granada Spain Department of Signal Theory Networking and Communications Universidad de Granada Granada Spain Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia School of Mathematics Physics and Computing University of Southern Queensland Springfield Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031503191

Automatic recognition of facial expressions is a common problem in human-computer interaction. While humans can recognize facial expressions very easily, machines cannot do it as easily as humans. Analyzing facial changes during facial expressions is one of the methods used for this purpose by the machines. In this research, facial deformation caused by facial expressions is considered for automatic facial expression recognition by machines. To achieve this goal, the motion vectors of facial deformations are captured during facial expression using an optical flow algorithm. These motion vectors are then used to analyze facial expressions using some data mining algorithms. This analysis not only determined how changes in the face occur during facial expressions but can also be used for facial expression recognition. The facial expressions investigated in this research are happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, anger, and disgust. According to our research, these facial expressions were classified into 12 classes of facial motion vectors. We applied our proposed analysis mechanism to the extended Cohen-Kanade facial expression dataset. Our developed automatic facial expression system achieved 95.3%, 92.8%, and 90.2% accuracy using Deep Learning (DL), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and C5.0 classifiers, respectively. In addition, based on this research, it was determined which parts of the face have a greater impact on facial expression recognition. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： data mining

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Autonomous Robot Navigation in Unknown Terrains using Generative Adversarial Networks

Autonomous Robot Navigation in Unknown Terrains using Genera...

引用

Soft computing for Security Applications (ICSCSA), International Conference on

作者： P Chitra K Sridar Sudha Govindan Britto Raj S Akshya. J Mani Deepak Choudhry M. Sundarrajan Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science St Joseph's Institute of Technology Chennai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Veerammal Engineering College Dindigul Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sona College of Technology Salem Department of Computer Science and Engineering RRASE College Of Engineering Chennai Department of Computational Intelligence SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Department of Computing Technologies SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Department of Networking and Communications SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai

ISBN: (数字)9798331515720

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515737

Autonomous Robot Navigation in unknown and dynamic environments is considered one of the grand challenges in robotics. These motions that guide it span from rescue operations to planetary exploration. Classical methods for path planning, including A*, Dijkstra, and RRT, were unable to balance the efficiency and adaptability of motion planning over complex terrain. This may have a powerful solution using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) with advanced machine learning techniques to improve the ability of robotic navigation. This study proposes a GAN-based approach for designing an effective self-adaptive path planning and obstacle avoidance system for autonomous robots. Despite performing well in structured environments, traditional techniques normally fail in analysing the unstructured terrains with real-time adjustments and dynamic changes due to the high computational costs and lack of flexibility involved. In this regard, the proposed GAN-based system resolves these issues by rating navigation paths concerning safety and efficiency. Quantitative analysis demonstrates that within a forest, desert, urban, or off-road environment, the computational times by using the developed strategy turn out to be 0.12 seconds, 0.10 seconds, 0.14 seconds, and 0.13 seconds, respectively, behaving much lower than what can be achieved with other algorithms. This approach proves much superior in terms of computational efficiency path smoothness and adaptability under different environmental conditions in applications related to autonomous robot navigation systems.

关键词： Navigation Statistical analysis Machine learning Generative adversarial networks Path planning Real-time systems Generators Safety Computational efficiency Autonomous robots

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XAI Based Cattle Identification with YOLO and SIFT Technique

XAI Based Cattle Identification with YOLO and SIFT Technique

引用

2024 IEEE International Conference on Future Machine Learning and data science, FMLDS 2024

作者： Katharria, Aashu Pant, Millie Deep, Kusum Devi, Indu Mehta Family School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Uttarakhand Roorkee India Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computing Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Uttarakhand Roorkee India Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Department of Mathematics Uttarakhand Roorkee India ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute Livestock Production Management Division Haryana Karnal132001 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391213

In precision livestock farming, accurate cattle identification is essential for enhancing animal welfare, health monitoring, and productivity, while also supporting traceability and minimizing false insurance claims. This paper presents a novel approach for cattle identification using muzzle prints, with a focus on both efficiency and explainability. Taxicab metric, employed for efficient annotation of muzzle patterns significantly reduces the labeling time for training of YOLOv8 model. YOLOv8 is utilized for detecting muzzle prints in images, followed by SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform) for feature extraction and matching. The incorporation of Explainable AI (XAI) methods, particularly Grad-CAM, further enhances the transparency and interpretability of the SIFT model. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Precision agriculture

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