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PVDM-YOLOv8l: a solution for reliable pedestrian and vehicle detection in autonomous vehicles under adverse weather conditions

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-26页

作者： Tahir, Noor Ul Ain Zhang, Zuping Asim, Muhammad Iftikhar, Sundas A. Abd El-Latif, Ahmed School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China EIAS Data Science Lab College of Computer and Information Sciences and Center of Excellence in Quantum and Intelligent Computing Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Gianforte School of Computing Montana State University Bozeman59717 United States Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science Menoufia University Shebin El-Koom32511 Egypt

Ensuring the safe navigation of autonomous vehicles in intelligent transportation system depends on their ability to detect pedestrians and vehicles. While transformer-based models for object detection have shown remarkable advancements, accurately identifying pedestrians and vehicles in adverse weather conditions remains a challenging task. Adverse weather introduces image quality degradation, leading to issues such as low contrast, reduced visibility, blurred edges, false detection, misdetection of tiny objects, and other impediments that further complicate the accuracy of detection. This paper introduces a novel Pedestrian and Vehicle Detection Model under adverse weather conditions, denoted as PVDM-YOLOv8l. In our proposed model, we first incorporate the Swin-Transformer method, which is designed for global extraction of feature of small objects to identify in poor visibility, into the YOLOv8l backbone structure. To enhance detection accuracy and address the impact of inaccurate features on recognition performance, CBAM is integrated between the neck and head networks of YOLOv8l, aiming to gather crucial information and obtain essential data. Finally, we adopted the loss function Wise-IOU v3. This function was implemented to mitigate the adverse effects of low-quality instances by minimizing negative gradients. Additionally, we enhanced and augmented the DAWN dataset and created a custom dataset, named DAWN2024, to cater to the specific requirements of our study. To verify the superiority of PVDM-YOLOV8l, its performance was compared against several commonly used object detectors, including YOLOv3, YOLOv3-tiny, YOLOv3-spp, YOLOv5, YOLOv6, and all the versions of YOLOv8 (n, m, s, l, and x) and some traditional models. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model achieved a 6.6%, 5.4%, 6%, and 5.1% improvement in precision, recall, F1-score and mean Average Precision (mAP) on the custom DAWN2024 dataset. This substantial improvement in accuracy ind

关键词： Vehicle detection

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Development of A Multipurpose Healthcare Mobile App Using JAVA

Development of A Multipurpose Healthcare Mobile App Using JA...

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2023 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2023

作者： Pongiannan, R.K. Bushra, S. Nikkath Lathif, Syed Ismail Abdul Pradhan, Saahil Brindha, R. Franklin, J. Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computing Technologies Kattankulathur India Data Science and Business Systems School of Computing Srm Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur India Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computational Intelligence Kattankulathur India Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Kattankulathur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315127

Health care has become an essential part of present human life. The preliminary requirement to select the basic information about medical facilities through a mobile app will serve the needs of the common people. This paper presents an integrated mobile app developed using JAVA. This app is user-friendly in terms of login, registration, and bookings. This caters to the facility to select information regarding doctors, medical lab facilities, pharmacy details, and health articles. This app will provide communication. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Medicine

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Automated AI-Powered Fruit Identification Using Convolutional Neural Network

Automated AI-Powered Fruit Identification Using Convolutiona...

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2025 International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems for Collaborative Intelligence, ICMSCI 2025

作者： Sai Tejasree, K. Surendran, R. Rajakumar, B. Gomathi, R.M. Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India J.N.N Institute of Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Chennai India School of Computing Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (数字)9798331509828

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509828

Clever system that can look at pictures of fruits and figure out what kind of fruit each picture shows. AI algorithms like deep learning, which is like giving the Machine learning model a crash course in fruit recognition. This method teaches the ML Model we clearly explained the Model using application's agent using PEAS and the application's task environment using the 6 dimensions by showing it tons of fruit images, so over time, it gets really good at spotting the differences and similarities between, say, a banana and a grape. We also used another technique called pattern recognition, which helps the computer pay attention to specific details like the fruit's color, shape, size and texture. Overcoming multiple obstacles in order to automatically identify the type of fruit from the picture. The variety of images is influencing the color, texture, and shape of many different types of fruits. When it came to fruit picture detection, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Algorithm outperformed standard support-vector-machine-based approaches using handcrafted features in terms of accuracy also, it is a lot faster to implement for new fruits. By integrating deep learning and pattern recognition techniques such as Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm we have got the accuracy of 84%, our system efficiently identified different fruit types from images, demonstrating the power and effectiveness of our methods. The goal of our project is to create a tool that can quickly and correctly identify many types of fruits in photos, which could be useful for things like sorting fruits in a grocery store or helping people learn about different fruits by using Convolutional Neural Network Algorithm. This is not just about teaching a computer to recognize fruits;it is about making technology that can understand and interact with the world in a way that is helpful to us. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Application of Classification Machine Learning Models for Grouping Laboratory Samples into Kazakh Clans

Application of Classification Machine Learning Models for Gr...

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AITU: Digital Generation, IEEE

作者： Raziya Abutalipova Department of Computing and Data Science Astana IT University Astana Kazakhstan

ISBN: (数字)9798350364378

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364385

This research bridges traditional Kazakh heritage with modern science by developing a machine learning model to classify Kazakh clans using Y-chromosome data. This paper introduces an innovative approach for assigning Y-chromosomes to specific clans. Methodology leverages a dataset that includes 3,099 laboratory samples with clan affiliation and corresponding Short Tandem Repeat profiles. Utilizing a dataset, I employed several well-known machine learning algorithms (Random Forest, Decision tree, Support vector machine, Bayesian model) to predict clan affiliations, highlighting the potential of data analytics in enriching our understanding of cultural identities. The evaluation of the model's effectiveness involved rigorous testing against a diverse range of samples, ensuring a scalable and adaptable tool for future genomic research.

关键词： Support vector machines Analytical models Adaptation models Machine learning algorithms Accuracy Sociology data models

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Revolutionizing Public Transport: RFID-Enabled Occupancy Monitoring and Frequency Analysis System

Revolutionizing Public Transport: RFID-Enabled Occupancy Mon...

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2024 International Conference on Communication, computing and Internet of Things, IC3IoT 2024

作者： Mageswaran, J. Uma Indumathi, G. Kalpana, A.V. Elangovan, G. Lalitha, S.D. Nalini, S. Sohanda, Mayank Kumar Dept. of Computer Science Engineering Amrita School of Computing Vengal Campus Tiruvallur DistTamil Nadu India Srm Institute Of Science And Technology Ramapuram India Srm Institute Of Science And Technology Department Of Data Science And Business Systems Kattankulathur India R.M.K Engineering College Department Of Computer Science And Engineering India Srm Institute Of Science And Technolog Department Of Computing Technologies Kattankulathur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352689

Public bus stops in India are becoming more crowded due to the country's fast population expansion. People wait a long time for buses to come, then suddenly congregate around them when they do, packing the buses with people and pushing them up into the footboards, which causes accidents. An additional concern of overcrowding is theft. All of this is the result of numerous bus stops not having adequate information on when busses would arrive. The proposed work paves a very important role for the passengers. The passengers will be provided with the information of the arrival of next bus, seat occupancy and the total passengers inside the bus. The information about the seat occupancy, in-passengers and out-passengers is done with the help of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags. The arrival of the next bus is determined by calculating the duration of the buses that are near using RFID readers placed in different bus stations. The count and the frequency will be interfaced in the web application. The passengers can check the application to know the occupancy and today's society where people can catch the right bus at the station and at the right time. This will solve the problems like waiting in bus stops and wasting time and going in a crowded bus. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Buses

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A Novel Pipeline for Compressing Image Buffers in Remote Education Video Conferencing using Harris Corner Detection and Pixel Map Array 5

A Novel Pipeline for Compressing Image Buffers in Remote Edu...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Communication Technologies, ICECCT 2023

作者： Paul, Gita Alekhya Sharma, Ansh Jagnani, Yashvardhan Saxena, Abhishek Supraja, P. SRM Institute of Science and Technology Networking and Communications Department Chennai India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Computing Technologies Department Chennai India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Data Science and Business Systems Department Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665493604

The COVID-19 pandemic has compelled educational institutions worldwide to shift to remote online education. Addressing the growing trend, an Oxford University Press report titled 'Addressing the Deepening Digital Divide' states that poor digital access is the most significant barrier to digital learning according to 68 percent of academicians. Students in many remote parts of India frequently have access to limited bandwidth internet, which is insufficient for the modern standards of network-hogging online video conference software solutions. This paper provides an algorithmic compression of image buffers to aid low-cost remote online video education. This compression can be done by translating the teacher's blackboard images to pixel arrays projected on a canvas on the student's dashboard while the instructor constantly communicates via real-time voice. The image is first converted to grayscale and dilated with a square kernel. Using Harris Corner Detector, probable board corners are identified and compared to a geometrical center of the points and the corners recovered by cornerSubPix. An adaptive threshold is employed, distinguishing the board's contents from the backdrop on the cropped picture based on the recovered points. The pixel-mapped array is then transmitted to the students through the webRTC real-time protocol, which includes support for two-way audio, allowing the teacher to deliver lectures. Using Canvas API on the application front-end, the array is projected onto the student's device as a dot matrix display. This paper has achieved an effective rate in the video transmission format, aiding online remote education on low-bandwidth network devices. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Diabetic Retinopathy Imaging: Network Exudate Detection to Classify Abnormalities

Diabetic Retinopathy Imaging: Network Exudate Detection to C...

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2023 Intelligent computing and Control for Engineering and Business Systems, ICCEBS 2023

作者： Chinnasamy, A. Selvakumari, P. School of Computing Srmist Department of Data Science and Business Systems kattankulathur campus Chennai India Chennai Institute of Technology Chennai Anna University Department of Computer Science and Engineering India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394580

The DR becomes increasingly common, there is a need to automatically extract and classify disease severity. Due to diabetes problems, about 2% of people with this disease become completely blind, and DR complications make him 10% visually impaired if he has diabetes for 15 years. Furthermore, it plays an important role in the progression of blindness in middle-aged and older adults. If the disease is not recognized as soon as possible, patients can experience a severe stage of irreversible blindness. The shortage of ophthalmologists is a serious problem for the growing number of diabetic patients. Hard exudates must be found to screen and assist in disease monitoring and diagnosis. Therefore, Lloyd's clustering technique was used in this work. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cat Swarm Optimization Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Retinopathy Mean Squared Error

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Less Traces Are All It Takes: Efficient Side-Channel Analysis on AES

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IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2024年第6期44卷 2080-2092页

作者： Xiao, Zhiyuan Wang, Chen Shen, Jian Wu, Q. M. Jonathan He, Debiao Zhejiang Sci-Tech University School of Information Science and Engineering School of Cyber Science and Technology the Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Fashion and Data Governance Zhejiang Provincial International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on Cloud Computing Security and Data Aggregation Hangzhou310018 China University of Windsor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WindsorON Canada Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Computer School Wuhan430072 China

In cryptography, side-channel analysis (SCA) is a technique used to recover cryptographic keys by examining the physical leakages that occur during the operation of cryptographic devices. Recent advancements in Deep Learning (DL) have greatly enhanced the extraction of crucial information from intricate leakage patterns. A considerable amount of research is dedicated to studying the SubByte (SB) operations of the advanced encryption standard (AES). This is because the SB process, which generates numerous transitions between 0s and 1s during encryption, results in significant energy leakage. However, traditional analysis models primarily focus on the initial round of SB operations in AES, which are less effective on mobile terminals where it is difficult to collect enough signals. These models often neglect additional operations and subsequent rounds, thus providing limited insights from small datasets. Consequently, this limitation has a direct impact on the accuracy and efficiency of key recovery. Our study uses ρ-test analysis to show that significant leakage occurs not only during the S-box operation but also during the AddRoundKey (AR) phase of AES. To address these challenges, we propose a new SCA method that is optimized for small sample sizes. This method includes a new comprehensive round trace labeling algorithm, which simultaneously analyzes the SB and AR stages of each AES round. Additionally, we introduce the peak precise localization algorithm to accurately identify the points of energy leakage during each encryption round. Our experiments, conducted with power and Electromagnetic (EM) datasets from the STM32F303 microcontroller, demonstrate that our method can reliably recover keys with as few as 20 traces. These results highlight the enhanced capability of our method in handling the complexities of small sample datasets in cryptographic analysis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Information leakage

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An Enhanced CNN Model for Motor Imagery-Based Brain Computer Interface 3

An Enhanced CNN Model for Motor Imagery-Based Brain Computer...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Knowledge Economy, ICCIKE 2023

作者： Kavin, Balasubramanian Prabhu Selvaraj, Jeeva Sarveshwaran, Velliangiri Prakash, P. SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Data Science and Business Systems Tamilnadu India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computational Intelligence Tamilnadu India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computing Technologies Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350338263

An essential Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) paradigm, Motor Imagery (MI) based BCI calls for robust classifiers. In recent years, deep learning technology has been widely adopted, and numerous attempts have been made to apply it to the field of BCI. As much progress has been made in improving the accuracy of deep learning-based MI-BCI systems in comparison to more conventional methods, there is still a significant challenge in accurately interpreting the deep learning models. This study offers an Optimized Complex Structure based 1-D Convolutional Neural Network (OCS-1D-CNN) model for automatic detection using MI image classification to overcome these concerns. Enhancing its properties for distinguishing normal conditions and other levels, 2D maps can be turned into feature signals using two-round 1D convolutional procedures in the layer. Gray Relational Analysis (GRA) investigation classifiers are used to screen the different layers in the classification layer due to their simple mathematical operation. The Artificial Jellyfish Search Algorithm (AJSO) finds the best combination of summation layer weight and GRA weight. Using two big, publicly available databases containing data on 42 and 62 people, the suggested model is put through its paces. Based on the findings, the models outperformed conventional methods. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Brain computer interface

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Web service location-allocation using discrete NSGA-II with matrix based genetic operations and a repair mechanism

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized computing 2023年第10期14卷 14163-14187页

作者： Verma, Shanu Pant, Millie Snasel, Vaclav Department of Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computing Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee247667 India Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee247667 India Department of Computer Science VSB-Technical University of Ostrava Ostrava70800 Czech Republic

Web Service Location-Allocation Problem (WSLAP) is an important and challenging NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem where multiple objectives affecting the quality of service (QoS) are to be optimized simultaneously. Most of the existing research articles mainly focus on selecting web service locations that minimize two QoS: total cost and total response time. However, another QoS factor throughput also needs attention when selecting sites for allocating web services. Therefore, we have constructed a new WSLAP model that minimizes the total cost and the total negative quality factor. This negative quality factor considers throughput along with latency to strengthen the QoS of the located web services. Further, three NSGA-II variants, NSGA-II.V1, NSGA-II.V2, and NSGA-II.V3, with a novel matrix-based chromosome representation, are developed to deal with the proposed bi-objective WSLAP model. These algorithms involve matrix-based genetic operations for better exploration and a repair mechanism for tackling infeasibility. The proposed model and algorithms are validated on 24 test instances, out of which 14 are existing, and 10 are newly created with increased web services, user centres and service locations. The experimental results claim that the proposed WSLAP model succeeded in improving the throughput with a comparatively lower total cost. Further, the proposed algorithms outperformed the compared algorithms in terms of hypervolume, inverted generational distance and computational time on 89% of instances. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Quality of service

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