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Engineered common environmental effects on multitransistor systems

Physical Review B 2023年第7期107卷 075440-075440页

作者： Uthpala N. Ekanayake Sarath D. Gunapala Malin Premaratne Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AχL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91109 USA

In this paper, we analyze the impact of physically large baths used in terminals of thermal multitransistor systems formed using two-level systems (TLSs). In particular, we simulate the effects of a two-transistor system introduced as a thermal Darlington pair (DP). The size and proximity of the baths can cause multiple interactions with the transistor terminals represented by the TLS, not just the TLS directly connected to them. Such interactions can ultimately suppress the heat flows or impair the transistor action. However, we demonstrate that the DP model can achieve more than a 50% increase in heat flows. Using the engineered interactions leading to the correlated TLS-thermal bath interactions, we establish an incoherent (no quantum coherence in the density matrix at the steady state) yet correlated (joint excitation of two TLSs due to bath interaction) heat transfer model to a two-transistor arrangement in a substrate. This model helps us to interpret the environmental effects on the device by treating the common environment as separate thermal baths and all the transitions in the system as independent. We also show that this model can be mapped to contain dark-states. These dark-states can provide an external channel for transistor switching. We use this knowledge to design thermal counterparts of electronic AND and OR gates, and to study their switching time and operation, paving the way to realizing thermal logic gates.

关键词： Open quantum systems Quantum gates Thermal properties Nanotechnology Transistors

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Automatic term recognition method for military domain 3

Automatic term recognition method for military domain

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2021 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Technologies and Applications, ICAITA 2021

作者： Song, Ani Jia, Xiaoxia Jiang, Wei North China Institute of Computing Technology Beijing100083 China National Key Laboratory for Complex Systems Simulation Department of Systems General Design Institute of Systems Engineering AMS Beijing100083 China

With the development of military intelligence, higher requirements are put forward for automatic term recognition in military field. In view of the characteristics of flexible and diverse naming of military requirement documents without annotated corpus, the method of this paper uses the existing military domain core database, and matches the data set and core database by Aho-Corasic algorithm and word segmentation technology, so that the terms to be recognized in the data set can be divided into three *** possible rules of word formation of military terms are summarized and phrases that conform to the rules of word formation are found in the documents as the term candidate set. The core library and TF-IDF method are used to calculate the value of the candidate terms, and the candidate terms whose value is greater than the threshold are selected iteratively as the real terms. The experimental results show that the F1 value of this method reaches 0.719, which is better than the traditional C-value method. Therefore, the method proposed in this paper can achieve better automatic term recognition effect for military requirement documents without annotation. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Dipole antenna design for RFID technology at 2.45 GHz by using metamaterials

Dipole antenna design for RFID technology at 2.45 GHz by usi...

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2024 International Conference on Advances in Electrical and Communication Technologies, ICAECOT 2024

作者： Melouka, Rania Ibtissam Ben Ouguissi, Hadda Alaoui, Nail Benmelouka, Messouda Kirech, Sofian Mashat, Arwa Dept. of Electronics Sétif19000 Algeria Laghouat Algeria University of Djelfa Laboratoire de Recherche Modélisation Simulation et Optimisation des Systémes Complexes Réels Djelfa17000 Algeria University Ziane Achour of Djelfa Telecommunications and Smart Systems Laboratory Djelfa17000 Algeria King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Department of Information Systems P.O. Box 344 Rabigh21911 Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353754

This research investigates the use of metamaterial integration and the miniaturisation process as a novel approach to antenna design. To enhance the frequency utilisation and minimise the antenna size, we suggest a novel method. The interaction between the two separate ring resonators relies on this resonant component using this manner. The characteristics examined in this experiment include the resonance frequency, the absence of response, the wavelength, the quantity of radiation, and the antenna's gain and power output. CST is responsible for conducting all simulation effects. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Metamaterials

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Stochastic model of noise for a quantum thermal transistor

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Physical Review B 2023年第23期108卷 235421-235421页

Our focus in this investigation lies in developing a noise model for a quantum thermal transistor model inspired by its electronic counterpart, with the primary aim of establishing a platform for constructing analogous models. Previous studies on coupled two-level systems-based thermal transistors were focused on their average energy exchange. In this paper, we shift our attention to exploring the stochastic behavior of such thermal transistors due to the disturbances caused to their environment, such as continuous measurements. In the literature, the master equation for the transistor model is derived using the reduced dynamics method. This way, it masks the study of the stochastic nature of the energy flows in the system due to disturbances to the environment. In this paper, we describe a quantum trajectory under measurement theory whose ensemble average unravels the master equation for a quantum thermal transistor. This allows us to analyze the fluctuations and noise levels in the transistor model with greater detail. Then, we produce a numerical solution for the transistor dynamics based on Euler-Maruyama approximation. This helps to establish a model for the thermal transistor, drawing parallels to the small-signal/noise model in an electronic transistor. We define two parameters, thermal conductance and output thermal resistance, to describe the small signal-like model for the thermal transistor. Through these investigations, we seek to gain insights that can help design advanced heat management devices at the quantum level.

关键词： Open quantum systems Quantum gates Thermal properties Nanotechnology Transistors

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Coherent and incoherent laser pump on a five-level atom in a strongly coupled cavity-QED system

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Physical Review A 2022年第1期105卷 013701-013701页

作者： Asha Devi Sarath D. Gunapala Malin Premaratne Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91109 USA

We propose a cavity quantum electrodynamic system consisting of a five-level atom coupled to a single mode of the cavity electromagnetic field. The study is focused on the regime of strong coupling between the cavity and atom. Pump laser fields and cavity fields connect the split energy levels of the atom. Instead of the well-known two-level Dicke model obtained by adiabatic elimination of the high-energy levels, we consider the pump lasers' detunings to the atomic transitions to be very small such that we can examine the influence of the higher-energy states. We have studied the effect of an external coherent drive and incoherent pumping on these higher-energy levels and observed the enhancement of intracavity photon numbers due to quantum coherence effects. The amplification of intracavity photons is achieved even without a population inversion. However, the effect of the coherent and incoherent drive is negligible for very large detunings when the higher-energy states are adiabatically eliminated. At zero and small detunings, the system reaches the steady state at an earlier instant of time for higher incoherent pumping. We find an almost agreeable steady-state behavior of the system's exact full quantum dynamics model and its semiclassical approximation. Our model tries to accurately simulate the open system by considering the cavity decay, spontaneous decay, and dephasing of the system.

关键词： Atoms, ions, & molecules in cavities Cavity quantum electrodynamics Nanophotonics

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Towards quantum thermal multi-transistor systems: Energy divider formalism

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Physical Review B 2022年第23期105卷 235412-235412页

作者： Ravi T. Wijesekara Sarath D. Gunapala Malin Premaratne Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory(AχL) Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Clayton Victoria 3800 Australia Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91109 USA

A quantum thermal transistor controls the flow of thermal energy through two of its terminals in response to an external input signal on its third terminal. In recent years, several realizations of thermal transistors combining individual quantum systems have been proposed using temperatures or optical fields as the control signals. The success of the electronic transistor in modern technology partly lies in its ability to combine and make multi-transistor systems with enhanced flow control capability or even wholly different behaviors. Hence, as the next natural step, we investigate the intricacies of building composite systems combining multiple quantum thermal transistors. We identify that the interconnects of thermal transistors play a critical role in these systems by facilitating energy exchange from one transistor to another. By isolating the exact functionality of these interconnects, we develop a simple model that still captures all its essential characteristics. This model shows that directly coupling transistors allows a substantial energy transfer between them only under highly restrictive conditions. We then develop the energy divider formalism where a single properly tuned quantum harmonic oscillator acts as an intermediary between the transistors. We demonstrate that the oscillator mediates a substantial energy exchange under a considerably relaxed set of conditions and illustrate its operating principles through detailed quantum mechanical state analysis. We compare our energy divider based interconnect against the previously developed intermediate bath method and confirm that both ways achieve similar thermal energy flow rates between the transistors over a broad range of operating temperatures. At the same time, replacing an intermediate bath made up of a large number of harmonic oscillators with a single oscillator avoids many of the theoretical and practical limitations of the earlier method. For instance, time-domain simulations show that the en

关键词： Quantum thermodynamics Thermal conductivity Harmonic oscillator Nanotechnology Transistors

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Efficient Training Approaches for Performance Anomaly Detection Models in Edge computing Environments

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Fernando, Duneesha Rodriguez, Maria A. Arroba, Patricia Ismail, Leila Buyya, Rajkumar Laboratory School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Parkville Australia The CCS Center for Computational Simulation Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Madrid Spain Lab Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering United Arab Emirates University United Arab Emirates

Microservice architectures are increasingly used to modularize IoT applications and deploy them in distributed and heterogeneous edge computing environments. Over time, these microservice-based IoT applications are susceptible to performance anomalies caused by resource hogging (e.g., CPU or memory), resource contention, etc., which can negatively impact their Quality of Service and violate their Service Level Agreements. Existing research on performance anomaly detection for edge computing environments focuses on model training approaches that either achieve high accuracy at the expense of a time-consuming and resource-intensive training process or prioritize training efficiency at the cost of lower accuracy. To address this gap, while considering the resource constraints and the large number of devices in modern edge platforms, we propose two clustering-based model training approaches: (1) intra-cluster parameter transfer learning-based model training (ICPTL) and (2) cluster-level model training (CM). These approaches aim to find a trade-off between the training efficiency of anomaly detection models and their accuracy. We compared the models trained under ICPTL and CM to models trained for specific devices (most accurate, least efficient) and a single general model trained for all devices (least accurate, most efficient). Our findings show that ICPTL's model accuracy is comparable to that of the model per device approach while requiring only 40% of the training time. In addition, CM further improves training efficiency by requiring 23% less training time and reducing the number of trained models by approximately 66% compared to ICPTL, yet achieving a higher accuracy than a single general model. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

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Sustainable Edge computing: Challenges and Future Directions

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Arroba, Patricia Buyya, Rajkumar Cárdenas, Román Risco-Martín, José L. Moya, José M. CCS–Center for Computational Simulation ETSI Telecomunicación Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Spain Lab School of Computing and Information Systems The University of Melbourne Australia Department of Computer Architecture and Automation Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain

An increasing amount of data is being injected into the network from IoT (Internet of Things) applications. Many of these applications, developed to improve society's quality of life, are latency-critical and inject large amounts of data into the network. These requirements of IoT applications trigger the emergence of Edge computing paradigm. Currently, data centers are responsible for a global energy use between 2% and 3%. However, this trend is difficult to maintain, as bringing computing infrastructures closer to the edge of the network comes with its own set of challenges for energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose our approach for the sustainability of future computing infrastructures to provide (i) an energy-efficient and economically viable deployment, (ii) a fault-tolerant automated operation, and (iii) a collaborative resource management to improve resource efficiency. We identify the main limitations of applying Cloud-based approaches close to the data sources and present the research challenges to Edge sustainability arising from these constraints. We propose two-phase immersion cooling, formal modeling, machine learning, and energy-centric federated management as Edge-enabling technologies. We present our early results towards the sustainability of an Edge infrastructure to demonstrate the benefits of our approach for future computing environments and deployments. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Internet of things

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FEniCS-preCICE: Coupling FEniCS to other simulation software

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Rodenberg, Benjamin Desai, Ishaan Hertrich, Richard Jaust, Alexander Uekermann, Benjamin Scientific Computing in Computer Science Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Germany Usability and Sustainability of Simulation Software Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems University of Stuttgart Germany Simulation of Large Systems Institute for Parallel and Distributed Systems University of Stuttgart Germany

The new software FEniCS-preCICE is a middle software layer, sitting in between the existing finite-element library FEniCS and the coupling library preCICE. The middle layer simplifies coupling (existing) FEniCS application codes to other simulation software via preCICE. To this end, FEniCS-preCICE converts between FEniCS and preCICE mesh and data structures, provides easy-to-use coupling conditions, and manages data checkpointing for implicit coupling. The new software is a library itself and follows a FEniCS-native style. Only a few lines of additional code are necessary to prepare a FEniCS application code for coupling. We illustrate the functionality of FEniCS-preCICE by two examples: a FEniCS heat conduction code coupled to OpenFOAM and a FEniCS linear elasticity code coupled to SU2. The results of both scenarios are compared with other simulation software showing good agreement. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Finite element method

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Darlington pair of quantum thermal transistors

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Physical Review B 2021年第4期104卷 045405-045405页

Recent progress in manipulating individual quantum systems has led to the development of quantum thermal transistors, which control the thermal conductivity between two of its terminals according to an input signal on its third terminal. With several models for individual thermal transistors already developed, the next natural step is to investigate how multiple thermal transistors can interconnect to build useful composite devices. In electronics literature, the Darlington pair is a two-transistor configuration commonly used to construct electronic amplifiers with higher gain than is possible with a single transistor. We create the electronic Darlington pair's thermal equivalent using two individual thermal transistors in a similar configuration. Unlike previously studied models, multitransistor configurations like this contain internal transistor interconnections whose temperatures cannot be biased externally but are determined by the individual transistors' internal dynamics. We refine previous models to incorporate these transistor-transistor interactions and introduce an intermediate thermal bath to facilitate the thermal energy exchange between the Darlington pair transistors. We investigate temperature-based and optical field-based control strategies of the Darlington pair in terms of both steady-state and transient thermal flow characteristics through numerical simulations. Under both control strategies, the thermal Darlington pair's steady-state performance exhibits superior thermal amplification, sensitivity, and thermodynamic efficiency than an equivalent single thermal transistor. Our results closely mirror those expected from the corresponding electronic Darlington pair. Hence, we envision that we may readily adapt the intermediate bath formalism we developed in this work to translate a wide variety of useful electronic multitransistor configurations to their thermal equivalents.

关键词： Thermal properties Nanostructures Transistors

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