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Telugu Language Analysis with XLM-RoBERTa: Enhancing Parts of Speech Tagging for Effective Natural Language Processing

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SN computer science 2025年第2期6卷 1-13页

作者： Bharathi Mohan, G. Prasanna Kumar, R. Krishna Jayanth, K. Doss, Srinath Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Chennai India Faculty of Engineering and Technology Botho University Gaborone Botswana

This research investigates the efficacy of XLM-RoBERTa, a potent deep learning architecture rooted in transformer networks, for Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging—a foundational task in Natural Language Processing (NLP). The study narrows its focus to address the formidable UCD Telugu dataset, renowned for its intricate morphological characteristics that pose challenges to accurate tagging. Through meticulous fine-tuning of the pre-trained XLM-RoBERTa model. This study adeptly discerns and exploit intricate syntactic and semantic patterns underpinning the interplay between lexical elements and their respective POS tags. The rigorous evaluation regimen, complemented by a comprehensive statistical comparison with the Multilingual BERT model, conclusively establishes XLM-RoBERTa’s superiority. This advanced model attains a remarkable accuracy score of 91%, decisively surpassing the Multilingual BERT model, which achieves an accuracy of 88%. These findings not only underscore XLM-RoBERTa’s prowess in precise POS tagging, especially in the context of morphologically rich languages like Telugu, but also carry significant implications for the broader NLP community. This research unlocks valuable insights and positions XLM-RoBERTa as an exemplar of reliability and robustness in POS tagging. Furthermore, it extends an invitation for further exploration and innovation in deep learning architectures within the NLP domain. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Bert Multilingual Bert NLP Parts-of-speech tagging Telugu XLM-RoBERTa

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Solving dynamic optimization problems using parent–child multi-swarm clustered memory (PCSCM) algorithm

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第31期36卷 19549-19583页

作者： Mohammadpour, Majid Mostafavi, Seyedakbar Mirjalili, Seyedali Department of Computer Engineering Yazd University Yazd Iran Center for Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimization Torrens University Australia Brisbane Australia Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science VŠB-TU Ostrava Czech Republic

The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm faces several inherent challenges when applied to dynamic and large-scale optimization problems. These challenges encompass the issues of outdated particle memory, inadequate scalability in high-dimensional search spaces, the incapability to detect environmental changes, a continual trade-off between exploration and exploitation, and the potential loss of population diversity within the problem space. To address these challenges, we propose a novel hybrid PSO algorithm, denoted as Parent–Child Multi-Swarm Clustered Memory (PCSCM). PCSCM is explicitly designed to leverage an enhanced memory system, capable of mitigating the issue of outdated particle memory after convergence, and efficiently adapting to changing environmental conditions. This innovative memory system retains and retrieves promising solutions from the past when environmental alterations occur. Additionally, PCSCM introduces clustering mechanisms for particles within each swarm, aimed at augmenting diversity within the problem space. This clustering strategy substantially bolsters the algorithm’s performance in tracking evolving optimal solutions and positively contributes to its scalability. Crucially, the clustering approach is implemented not only for the main population but also for stored solutions in memory, which collectively strike a balance between exploration and exploitation. In the proposed method, particle swarms are divided into parent and child swarms, with parent swarms dedicated to preserving diversity;while, child swarms focus on identifying local solutions. These clustering and memory strategies are consistently applied within each sub-swarm to effectively address the challenges posed by high-dimensional search spaces. In addition to addressing challenges related to dynamic optimization, our proposed Parent–Child Multi-Swarm Clustered Memory (PCSCM) algorithm introduces an innovative mechanism for detecting environmental changes. This n

关键词： Chaos theory

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Blockchain-Based Trust Model for Inter-Domain Routing

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 4821-4839页

作者： Qiong Yang Li Ma Sami Ullah Shanshan Tu Hisham Alasmary Muhammad Waqas Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China School of Information Science and Technology North China University of TechnologyBeijing100144China Department of Computer Science Shaheed Benazir Bhutto UniversitySheringal18050Pakistan Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia School of Computing andMathematical Sciences Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversity of GreenwichLondonSE109LSUK School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityPerthWA 6027Australia

Border Gateway Protocol(BGP),as the standard inter-domain routing protocol,is a distance-vector dynamic routing protocol used for exchanging routing information between distributed Autonomous systems(AS).BGP nodes,communicating in a distributed dynamic environment,face several security challenges,with trust being one of the most important issues in inter-domain *** research,which performs trust evaluation when exchanging routing information to suppress malicious routing behavior,cannot meet the scalability requirements of BGP *** this paper,we propose a blockchain-based trust model for inter-domain *** model achieves scalability by allowing the master node of an AS alliance to transmit the trust evaluation data of its member nodes to the *** BGP nodes can expedite the trust evaluation process by accessing a global view of other BGP nodes through the master node of their respective *** incorporate security service evaluation before direct evaluation and indirect recommendations to assess the security services that BGP nodes provide for themselves and prioritize to guarantee their security of routing *** forward the trust evaluation for neighbor discovery and prioritize the nodes with high trust as neighbor nodes to reduce the malicious exchange routing *** use simulation software to simulate a real BGP environments and employ a comparative experimental research approach to demonstrate the performance evaluation of our trust *** with the classical trust model,our trust model not only saves more storage overhead,but also provides higher security,especially reducing the impact of collusion attacks.

关键词： Inter-domain routing BGP security blockchain trust model trust mechanisms trust evaluation

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Deep Learning-Based Web Application for Real-Time Apple Leaf Disease Detection and Classification 2

Deep Learning-Based Web Application for Real-Time Apple Leaf...

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2nd International Conference on Advancements in Smart, Secure and Intelligent Computing, ASSIC 2024

作者： Kumar, Satish Kumar, Rakesh Gupta, Meenu Obaid, Ahmed J. Chandigarh University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Punjab India University of Kufa Faculty of Computer Science and Mathematics Najaf Iraq Technical Engineering College Al-Ayen University Department of Computer Technical Engineering Thi-Qar Iraq

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370188

Agriculture is the most significant industry in the economy of India. Various kinds of diseases affect the leaves of plants and influence the productivity of crops. Apple farmers are also constantly facing challenges in boosting their yield and protecting apple trees from diseases. The prevalence of diseases and pests significantly hampers apple production, leading to substantial financial losses for the industry each year. Farmers may not have expertise in leaf disease prediction. Detecting Apple Leaf Diseases (ALD) swiftly and accurately is crucial for effectively handling and curbing these issues within orchards. Specifically, advancements in computer vision methods utilizing Deep Learning (DL) have opened up avenues for identifying and understanding these diseases at an early stage directly on the leaves. Web application based on the DL model is proposed to address this issue, which can predict Healthy and Alternaria, Leaf Spot, Marssonina Blotch, and Powdery mildew disease of the affected leaf. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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Fusion Strategy for Improving Medical Image Segmentation

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3627-3646页

作者： Fahad Alraddady E.A.Zanaty Aida HAbu bakr Walaa M.Abd-Elhafiez Department of Computer Engineering College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Information System Department Faculty of Computers and InformationSohag UniversitySohagEgypt Mathematical and Computer Science Department Faculty of ScienceAswan UniversityAswanEgypt College of Computer Science&Information Technology Jazan UniversityJazanKingdom of Saudi Arabia Computer Science Department Faculty of Computers and Artificial IntelligenceSohag UniversitySohagEgypt

In this paper,we combine decision fusion methods with four metaheuristic algorithms(Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)algorithm,Cuckoo search algorithm,modification of Cuckoo Search(CS McCulloch)algorithm and Genetic algorithm)in order to improve the image *** proposed technique based on fusing the data from Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO),Cuckoo search,modification of Cuckoo Search(CS McCulloch)and Genetic algorithms are obtained for improving magnetic resonance images(MRIs)*** algorithms are used to compute the accuracy of each method while the outputs are passed to fusion *** order to obtain parts of the points that determine similar membership values,we apply the different rules of incorporation for these *** proposed approach is applied to challenging applications:MRI images,gray matter/white matter of brain segmentations and original black/white images Behavior of the proposed algorithm is provided by applying to different medical *** is shown that the proposed method gives accurate results;due to the decision fusion produces the greatest improvement in classification accuracy.

关键词： Decision fusion particle swarmoptimization(PSO) cuckoo search algorithm CS McCulloch algorithm genetic algorithm CT and MRI

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Distance Matrix and Markov Chain Based Sensor Localization in WSN

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 4051-4068页

作者： Omaima Bamasaq Daniyal Alghazzawi Surbhi Bhatia Pankaj Dadheech Farrukh Arslan Sudhakar Sengan Syed Hamid Hassan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of TechnologyManagement&GramothanJaipurRajasthanIndia University of Engineering and Technology LahorePakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering PSN College of Engineering and TechnologyTirunelveliTamilnaduIndia

Applications based on Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN)have shown to be quite useful in monitoring a particular geographic area of *** geometries of the surrounding environment are essential to establish a successful WSN *** it is literally hard because constructing a localization algorithm that tracks the exact location of Sensor Nodes(SN)in a WSN is always a challenging *** this research paper,Distance Matrix and Markov Chain(DM-MC)model is presented as node localization technique in which Distance Matrix and Estimation Matrix are used to identify the position of the *** method further employs a Markov Chain Model(MCM)for energy optimization and interference *** are performed against two well-known models,and the results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm improves performance by using less network resources when compared to the existing *** probability is used in the Markova chain to sustain higher energy ***,the proposed Distance Matrix and Markov Chain model decrease energy use by 31%and 25%,respectively,compared to the existing DV-Hop and CSA *** experimental results were performed against two proven models,Distance VectorHop Algorithm(DV-HopA)and Crow Search Algorithm(CSA),showing that the proposed DM-MC model outperforms both the existing models regarding localization accuracy and Energy Consumption(EC).These results add to the credibility of the proposed DC-MC model as a better model for employing node localization while establishing a WSN framework.

关键词： Wireless sensor network resource optimization routing distance matrix Markov chain

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A Planar Quad-Band Bandpass Filter Employing Transmission Lines Loaded with Tri-Stepped Impedance Open-and Dual-Stepped Impedance Short-Ended Resonators

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 2024年 147卷 65-72页

作者： Arif, Kamran Phani Kumar, Kanaparthi V. Barik, Rusan Kumar Chakaravarthi, Geetha Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tamil Nadu Tiruchirappalli620015 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu 603203 India School of Microelectronics Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China

A highly miniaturized bandpass filter with quad-band response is demonstrated in this article. The proposed quad-band bandpass filter has a novel topology comprising series quarter wavelength transmission lines loaded with tri-stepped impedance open-ended resonators and a dual-stepped impedance short-ended resonator. The proposed quad-band bandpass filter configuration is validated by theoretically verifying the transmission zeros and pole frequencies using even-odd mode analysis. A prototype operating at 0.475 GHz, 1.695 GHz, 3.48 GHz, and 4.53 GHz is designed, implemented, and experimented. The tested insertion losses at these center frequencies are 0.38 dB, 0.71 dB, 1.03 dB, and 1.22 dB, and the return loss is better than 10 dB in each passband. Each passband is isolated by a transmission zero with a rejection better than 40 dB. The proposed quad-band filter occupies a compact size of 0.146 × 0.087λ2g and is distinguished by its high compactness, wide bandwidth, multiple transmission zeros and poles, and high performance compared to benchmark designs making it more suitable for multi-band wireless applications. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bandpass filters

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Joint Hybrid Beamforming and RIS Phase Shift Design for RIS-Enabled Mmwave ISAC System

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第6期74卷 9149-9164页

作者： Wang, Lu Abanto-Leon, Luis F. Asadi, Arash Ruhr University Bochum Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Bochum Germany Technical University of Darmstadt Department of Computer Science Darmstadt64289 Germany TU Delft Embedded Systems Group DelftCD 2628 Netherlands

Empowering cellular networks with augmented sensing capabilities is a key research area in sixth generation (6 G) communication systems. Recently, we have witnessed a plethora of efforts to devise solutions that integrate sensing capabilities into communication systems, i.e., integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), especially at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies with large bandwidths. Despite the challenges posed by severe path loss and blockage at mmWave bands, this work incorporates reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) into ISAC systems to enhance both sensing and communication. To comply with the waveform utilized in current cellular systems, this paper studies mmWave orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) ISAC systems in the presence of RISs. Specifically, we jointly design the hybrid beamforming and RIS phase shifts to guarantee the sensing functionalities via minimizing the beampattern mean squared error at RIS, subject to signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) and power constraints. The non-convexity of the investigated problem poses a challenge which we address by proposing a solution based on the penalty method and manifold-based alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Simulation results demonstrate that both sensing and communication capabilities improve when the RIS is adequately designed. In addition, we discuss the tradeoff between sensing and communication. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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Securing IoT systems with AI-Infused Software and Virtual Replica Models 2

Securing IoT Systems with AI-Infused Software and Virtual Re...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Integrated Intelligence and Communication systems, ICIICS 2024

作者： Supriya, K. Sangeetha Jeno Lovesum, S.P. Arora, Renuka Bhatia, Rishu Yadwad, Sunita Natrayan, L. Department of Computer Science & Engineering Christ University Bengaluru India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Jagannath University NCR Bahadurgarh India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Ganga Institute of Technology and Management Jhajjar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Parul institute of Engineering and Technology Parul University Vadodara India Department of Mechanical Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504960

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has introduced significant security challenges due to the increased attack surface and the inherent vulnerabilities of interconnected systems. This paper proposes a novel security framework that integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI)-infused software and Virtual Replica Models, or Digital Twins, to enhance the robustness of IoT systems. The framework leverages AI-driven anomaly detection and predictive analysis to identify potential threats in real-time, while Digital Twins provide a virtual replica of the IoT ecosystem for continuous monitoring and simulation-based threat assessment. By fusing these technologies, the proposed solution enables proactive security measures, ensuring rapid response to cyberattacks and continuous system optimization. Extensive simulations and experimental results demonstrate the system’s ability to reduce attack detection times by 30%, while improving overall system resilience and minimizing false positive rates. This approach provides a scalable and adaptable solution for securing IoT infrastructures in various industries. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Advanced dairy cow monitoring: enhanced detection with precision 3D tracking

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第18期84卷 19117-19146页

作者： Wang, Ranran Li, Yingxiu Yue, Peng Yuan, Chunhong Tian, Fuyang Lu, Xin College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Shandong Tai’an271018 China Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering University of Sheffield SheffieldS1 4DP United Kingdom Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University Iwate Morioka020-8550 Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Iwate University Iwate Morioka020-8550 Japan

Ensuring the welfare of dairy cows requires precise monitoring of their daily exercise to evaluate their physical health. This necessitates innovative methods beyond traditional motion sensors. We present a novel method that integrates an enhanced YOLOv5s object detection model with the DeepSORT multi-object tracking algorithm to meticulously track dairy cow movements, providing holistic information about their health. Our research started with the establishment of a dedicated dataset tailored for cow detection. We then segmented the detection scope to focus on specific regions of interest. Within the modified YOLOv5s model, we replaced the standard CSPDarknet53 backbone with DenseNet to achieve deep separable convolution and feature reorganization modules, leading to reduced parameters, augmented feature expression, and better information flow. In particular, the SPD-Conv module was incorporated to retain intricate details, essential for detecting smaller and low-resolution targets. The transition from Generalized Intersection over Union (GIoU) Loss to Complete Intersection over Union (CIoU) loss improved detection accuracy and sped up model convergence. Our clustering approach, based on the elbow rule, optimized K-means clustering, enhancing speed and precision. For multi-object tracking, the DeepSORT model was tailored to cater to varying cow sizes, and we chose an algorithm to associate appearance information. We converted pixel data into real-world distances, providing exact 3D cow movement metrics. Experimental validation confirmed the efficacy of our approach. Our enhanced model surpassed the original YOLOv5s in performance by 11.1% for accuracy (97.4%), 9.6% for recall (97.8%), and 11.0% for average accuracy (98.2%). The comprehensive accuracy stood at 92.1% for our model. In conclusion, our innovative methodology offers a non-invasive means to monitor dairy cow exercise, paving the way for advanced health assessment techniques in the dairy sector. © The Aut

关键词： K-means clustering

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