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Nonlinear State and Parameter Estimation for Li-ion Batteries with Thermal Coupling

IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 12479-12484页

作者： Dong Zhang Luis D. Couto Saehong Park Preet Gill Scott J. Moura Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California at Berkeley CA 94720 USA Department of Control Engineering and System Analysis Université libre de Bruxelles B-1050 Brussels Belgium

Advanced Lithium-ion battery management systems rely on accurate cell-level state of charge (SOC) and parameter estimation for safe and efficient real-time monitoring. However, the design of combined state and parameter estimators that are provably convergent is notoriously difficult. A robust observer framework based on a coupled equivalent circuit-thermal model for a cylindrical battery is proposed. The coupled model also takes into account SOC and temperature-dependent electrical parameters for higher accuracy. In the literature, the model parameters are often treated as constants to simplify model structure and observer analysis. The problem considered in this work is particularly challenging due to (i) nonlinear two-way coupling between electrical and thermal sub-models, and (ii) nonlinear dependence of model parameters on the system states. A single aggregated observer for both SOC and thermal estimation becomes intractable due to lack of convergence certification caused by complex model coupling. We tackle this problem by proposing a sequential estimation scheme such that every sub-estimator converges separately, which is mathematically verified by Lyapunov stability analysis. Simulation results demonstrate the performance of the proposed state and parameters estimation framework.

关键词： Li-ion Battery State Estimation Thermal Coupling Lyapunov Stability Robust Estimation State-Dependent Parameters

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A New Reference Governor Strategy For Union of Linear Constraints

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 5499-5504页

作者： Raffaele Romagnoli Luis D. Couto Emanuele Garone Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213-3815 USA Department of Control Engineering and System Analysis Université libre de Bruxelles B-1050 Brussels Belgium

Classical scalar Reference Governor (RG) schemes require a convex admissible region. Recently, a novel scalar RG approach has been proposed for the case of nonconvex constraints that can be approximated as union of polyhedral sets. This new method, specifically developed for the charge control of lithium-ion batteries, shows good performance and the capability of handling these kind of constraints while keeping a very low computational footprint. However, this method can guarantee that the system will reach the desired set point only under very specific properties of the constraints. In this paper, we analyze these limitations and propose a solution that ensures convergence of the RG scheme under much milder conditions on the topology of the constraints.

关键词： Constrained control Nonconvex constraints Reference Governor Tracking UAVs

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Rate-Splitting for Cell-Free Massive MIMO: Performance analysis and Generative AI Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zheng, Jiakang Zhang, Jiayi Du, Hongyang Zhang, Ruichen Niyato, Dusit Dobre, Octavia A. Ai, Bo The School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Memorial University Canada The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System China Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Networking and Data Analysis Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou450001 China Research Center of Networks and Communications Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China

Cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) provides a ubiquitous coverage to user equipments (UEs) but it is also susceptible to interference. Rate-splitting (RS) effectively extracts data by decoding interference, yet its effectiveness is limited by the weakest UE. In this paper, we investigate an RS-based CF massive MIMO system, which combines strengths and mitigates weaknesses of both approaches. Considering imperfect channel state information (CSI) resulting from both pilot contamination and noise, we derive a closed-form expression for the sum spectral efficiency (SE) of the RS-based CF massive MIMO system under a spatially correlated Rician channel. Moreover, we propose low-complexity heuristic algorithms based on statistical CSI for power-splitting of common messages and power-control of private messages, and genetic algorithm is adopted as a solution for upper bound performance. Furthermore, we formulate a joint optimization problem, aiming to maximize the sum SE of the RS-based CF massive MIMO system by optimizing the power-splitting factor and power-control coefficient. Importantly, we improve a generative AI (GAI) algorithm to address this complex and non-convexity problem by using a diffusion model to obtain solutions. Simulation results demonstrate its effectiveness and practicality in mitigating interference, especially in dynamic environments. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Synergetic roadmap of carbon neutrality and clean air for China

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2023年第4期16卷 1-25页

作者： Qiang Zhang Zhicong Yin Xi Lu Jicheng Gong Yu Lei Bofeng Cai Cilan Cai Qimin Chai Huopo Chen Hancheng Dai Zhanfeng Dong Guannan Geng Dabo Guan Jianlin Hu Cunrui Huang Jianing Kang Tiantian Li Wei Li Yongsheng Lin Jun Liu Xin Liu Zhu Liu Jinghui Ma Guofeng Shen Dan Tong Xuhui Wang Xuying Wang Zhili Wang Yang Xie Honglei Xu Tao Xue Bing Zhang Da Zhang Shaohui Zhang Shaojun Zhang Xian Zhang Bo Zheng Yixuan Zheng Tong Zhu Jinnan Wang Kebin He Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Key Joint Laboratory for Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing100871China Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100012China Center for Carbon Neutrality Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100012China National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International CooperationBeijing100035China Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Institute of Environmental Policy Management Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100012China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Vanke School of Public Health Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health National Institute of En

It is well recognized that carbon dioxide and air pollutants share similar emission sources so that synergetic policies on climate change mitigation and air pollution control can lead to remarkable co-benefits on greenhouse gas reduction,air quality improvement,and improved *** the context of carbon peak,carbon neutrality,and clean air policies,this perspective tracks and analyzes the process of the synergetic governance of air pollution and climate change in China by developing and monitoring 18 *** 18 indicators cover the following five aspects:air pollution and associated weather-climate conditions,progress in structural transition,sources,inks,and mitigation pathway of atmospheric composition,health impacts and benefits of coordinated control,and synergetic governance system and *** tracking the progress in each indicator,this perspective presents the major accomplishment of coordinated control,identifies the emerging challenges toward the synergetic governance,and provides policy recommendations for designing a synergetic roadmap of Carbon Neutrality and Clean Air for China.

关键词： Carbon neutrality Clean air Synergetic roadmap

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A Data Driven Condition Monitoring of Chain Type Structures by Using Nonlinear Frequency Analyses 2

A Data Driven Condition Monitoring of Chain Type Structures ...

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2nd International Conference on Industrial Artificial Intelligence, IAI 2020

作者： Gao, Yi Luo, Zhong Zhu, Yunpeng Qiu, Yue Li, Yuqi Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion Systems Ministry of Education of China Northeastern University Shenyang110819 China State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology Dalian116024 China University of Sheffield Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering SheffieldS13JD United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781728182162

A novel data driven condition monitoring approach is proposed in this study to detect the location of nonlinear faults in chain type structures. In this approach, the chain type system is characterized by representing the relationships between any two adjacent measurement points by NARX (Nonlinear Auto-Regressive with Exogenous Inputs) model. A new indicator for condition monitoring, known as the NET (Nonlinear Energy Transmission) indicator, is introduced based on the evaluation of the NRSFs (Nonlinear Response Spectrum Functions) of the chain type system. A 3 DOF system is employed to demonstrate the application of the data driven condition monitoring by using the NET indicator. A case study on the condition monitoring of a rotor-bearing system is then discussed to validate the advantage of the proposed approach in engineering practice. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Condition monitoring

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Constrained extremum seeking: A modified-barrier function approach 11

Constrained extremum seeking: A modified-barrier function ap...

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11th IFAC Symposium on Nonlinear control systems, NOLCOS 2019

作者： Labar, Christophe Garone, Emanuele Kinnaert, Michel Ebenbauer, Christian Department of Control Engineering and System Analysis Université libre de Bruxelles Brussels1050 Belgium Institute for Systems Theory and Automatic Control University of Stuttgart Stuttgart70569 Germany

In this paper, we address the problem of steering the input of a convex function to a value that minimizes the function under a convex constraint. We consider the case where the constraint cannot be violated of more than a user-defined value during the whole transient phase. The mathematical expression of both the cost function and the constraint are assumed to be unknown. The only information available are the on-line values of the cost and the constraint. To tackle this problem, an optimization law, based on a modified-barrier function, and involving the gradient of both the cost function and the constraint, is firstly designed. The Lie bracket formalism is then exploited to approximate this law, by combining time-periodic signals with the on-line measurements of both the cost and the constraint. The stability property of the resulting constrained extremum seeking system is proved, and its effectiveness is shown in simulation. © 2019, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost functions

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State Estimation for a Zero-Dimensional Electrochemical Model of Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Huang, Zhijia Zhang, Dong Couto, Luis D. Yang, Quan-Hong Moura, Scott J. Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Control Engineering and System Analysis Université Libre de Bruxelles BrusselsB-1050 Belgium State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have become one of the most attractive alternatives over conventional Li-ion batteries due to their high theoretical specific energy density (2500 Wh/kg for Li-S vs. ∼250 Wh/kg for Li-ion). Accurate state estimation in Li-S batteries is urgently needed for safe and efficient operation. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, electrochemical model-based observers have not been reported for Li-S batteries, primarily due to the complex dynamics that make state observer design a challenging problem. In this work, we demonstrate a state estimation scheme based on a zero-dimensional electrochemical model for Li-S batteries. The nonlinear differential-algebraic equation (DAE) model is incorporated into an extend Kalman filter. This observer design estimates both differential and algebraic states that represent the dynamic behavior inside the cell, from voltage and current measurements only. The effectiveness of the proposed estimation algorithm is illustrated by numerical simulation results. Our study unlocks how an electrochemical model can be utilized for practical state estimation of Li-S batteries. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lithium sulfur batteries

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analysis of an optimal boundary control problem for the case of a strongly degenerate elliptic equation

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2849卷

作者： Tiziana Durante Olha P. Kupenko Department of Information Engineering Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics University of Salerno Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 Fisciano (SA) Italy Department of System Analysis and Control University of Technology “Dnipro Polytechnics” Yavornitsky Av. 19 Dnipro 49005 Ukraine Institute for Applied and System Analysis National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” Peremohy Av. 37 Build. 35 Kiev 03056 Ukraine

In this paper we study an optimal control problem for a linear boundary value problem with strongly degenerate coefficient in the main part of the elliptic operator and with the Nuemann boundary control. Given a cost functional, the objective is to provide the well-posedness analysis of the corresponding optimal control problem and to prove existence of the optimal solutions.

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Interval Observer for SOC Estimation in Parallel-Connected Lithium-ion Batteries

Interval Observer for SOC Estimation in Parallel-Connected L...

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American control Conference

作者： Dong Zhang Luis D. Couto Preet Gill Sebastien Benjamin Wente Zeng Scott J. Moura Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Berkeley California USA Department of Control Engineering and System Analysis Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Saft S.A. Total S.A.

ISBN: (数字)9781538682661

ISBN: (纸本)9781538682678

The internal states of Lithium-ion batteries, notably state of charge (SOC), need to be carefully monitored during battery operation to manage energy and safety. In this paper, we propose an interval observer for SOC estimation in an electrically and thermally coupled parallel connection of cells. This is a particularly challenging problem because mathematically cells in parallel yield a system of differential-algebraic equations (DAE), which are more difficult to handle than ordinary differential equations (e.g. a series string of cells). For a large battery pack with thousands of cells, applying an estimation algorithm on each and every cell would be mathematically and computationally intractable. These issues are tackled using an interval observer based on a coupled equivalent circuit-thermal model. The key novelty lies in considering cell heterogeneity as well as state-dependent parameters as unknown, but with bounded uncertainty. The resulting interval observer maps bounded uncertainties to a feasible set of state estimation, and is independent of the number of cells in parallel. Stability and inclusion of the interval observer are proven and validated through numerical studies.

关键词： Batteries Observers State of charge Integrated circuit modeling Computational modeling Mathematical model

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Cell-level state of charge estimation for battery packs under minimal sensing

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhang, Dong Couto, Luis D. Drummond, Ross Sripad, Shashank Viswanathan, Venkatasubramanian School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Oklahoma 660 Parrington Oval NormanOK United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Avenue PittsburghPA United States Department of Control Engineering and System Analysis Université Libre de Bruxelles BrusselsB-1050 Belgium Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford 17 Parks Road OxfordOX1 3PJ United Kingdom

This manuscript presents an algorithm for individual Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cell state of charge (SOC) estimation in a large-scale battery pack under minimal sensing, where only pack-level voltage and current are measured. For battery packs consisting of up to thousands of cells in electric vehicle or stationary energy storage applications, it is desirable to estimate individual cell SOCs without cell local measurements in order to reduce sensing costs. Mathematically, pure series connected cells yield dynamics given by ordinary differential equations under classical full voltage sensing. In contrast, parallel-series connected battery packs are evidently more challenging because the dynamics are governed by a nonlinear differential-algebraic equations (DAE) system. The majority of the conventional studies on SOC estimation for battery packs benefit from idealizing the pack as a lumped single cell which ultimately lose track of cell-level conditions and are blind to potential risks of cell-level over-charge and over-discharge. This work explicitly models a battery pack with high fidelity cell-by-cell resolution based on the interconnection of single cell models, and examines the observability of cell-level state with only pack-level measurements. A DAE-based state observer with linear output error injection is formulated, where the individual cell SOC and current can be reconstructed from minimal number of pack sensing. The mathematically guaranteed asymptotic convergence of differential and algebraic state estimates is established by considering local Lipschitz continuity property of system nonlinearities. Simulation results for Graphite/NMC cells illustrate convergence for cell SOCs, currents, and voltages. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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