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Comparation of Aroma-Active Compounds in Fresh Commercial Infant Formula and the Change during Ambient Storage

Journal of Future Foods 2025年

作者： Lirong Xu Ailing Tian Jiayi Su Meifan Pan Riqing Liu Peipei Gao Beilei Pang Zitong Liu Lijiao Fan Huaixia Zhang Yali Wang Lei Du Lili Zheng Yingchun Zhao Xiaoxiao Feng Jing Lv Department of Nutrition The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China Institute of Nutrition and Health Qingdao University 266071 Qingdao China Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Jiangsu Road 16# Qingdao Shandong 266400 People's Republic of China Department of Health Education and Management and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment School of Public Health Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China. Department of surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao China National Engineering Research Centre for Intelligent Electrical Vehicle Power System (Qingdao) College of Mechanical & Electronic Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Analysis and Testing Center Qingdao University of Science and Technology 266042 Qingdao China Department of Food Science & Technology School of Agriculture & Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

This study compared the aroma-active compounds in 14 brands of commercially infant formula and investigated their changes during ambient storage after opening for 2 months. A total of 29 major aroma-active compounds were detected in infant formula. From the PCA and heatmap analysis, a total of 14 brands of infant formula were classified into 3 groups, the second group contained JLB-Y, AY and FH-F, of which 2-furanmethanol and (E,E)-3,5-octadien-2-one were mainly compounds, the third group contained YL and JLB-L, the characteristic flavor compounds in this group were mainly hexanal, heptanal, etc. Aldehydes, as the main volatile substances, account for more than half of the total volatiles. Nearly half of the aldehydes showed more significant changes after storage, e.g. hexanal, octanal, (E)-2-octenal and 3-methylbutyraldehyde. The YL and YP-Q produced more saturated aldehydes after storage, the concentration of hexanal in YL-2m and YP-Q-2m was 2138.5 μg/kg and 2004.1μg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of heptanal, octanal, and nonanal also increased relatively significantly, which may lead to a distinct rancid flavor in YL and YP-Q. Besides, among the ketones, (E,E)-3,5-octadien-2-one showed the greatest change after storage, especially in JLB-L. According to sensory evaluation experiments, the milky flavor of infant formulas decreased and fatty, rancid, fishy and grassy flavors were found to have increased to different extents after storage. The current information gap on the concentration and evolution of volatile compounds in commercially available infant formula is filled by this study.

关键词： Infant formula Volatile compounds GC-MS Ambient Storage

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Interval Observer for SOC Estimation in Parallel-Connected Lithium-ion Batteries

Interval Observer for SOC Estimation in Parallel-Connected L...

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American control Conference

作者： Dong Zhang Luis D. Couto Preet Gill Sebastien Benjamin Wente Zeng Scott J. Moura Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Berkeley California USA Department of Control Engineering and System Analysis Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Saft S.A. Total S.A.

ISBN: (数字)9781538682661

ISBN: (纸本)9781538682678

The internal states of Lithium-ion batteries, notably state of charge (SOC), need to be carefully monitored during battery operation to manage energy and safety. In this paper, we propose an interval observer for SOC estimation in an electrically and thermally coupled parallel connection of cells. This is a particularly challenging problem because mathematically cells in parallel yield a system of differential-algebraic equations (DAE), which are more difficult to handle than ordinary differential equations (e.g. a series string of cells). For a large battery pack with thousands of cells, applying an estimation algorithm on each and every cell would be mathematically and computationally intractable. These issues are tackled using an interval observer based on a coupled equivalent circuit-thermal model. The key novelty lies in considering cell heterogeneity as well as state-dependent parameters as unknown, but with bounded uncertainty. The resulting interval observer maps bounded uncertainties to a feasible set of state estimation, and is independent of the number of cells in parallel. Stability and inclusion of the interval observer are proven and validated through numerical studies.

关键词： Batteries Observers State of charge Integrated circuit modeling Computational modeling Mathematical model

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Synthesis of the Decision Support system for controlling the Process of Combined Destruction of Butyl Rubber Vulcanizates 3

Synthesis of the Decision Support System for Controlling the...

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3rd International Conference on control systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency, SUMMA 2021

作者： Tikhomirov, German Karmanov, Andrey Zhatova, Victoria Popov, Alexey Obraztsov, Nikolay Podvalny, Evgeniy Voronezh State University Department of System Analysis and Management Voronezh Russia Voronezh State Technical University Department of Automated and Computing Systems Voronezh Russia Voronezh State University Department of Geoecology of Environmental Monitoring Voronezh Russia Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies Department of Information and Control Systems Voronezh Russia Russian Presidental Academy of National Economy and Public Administration Department of Mathematics and Information Technologies in Management Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665439817

the article is devoted to solving the problems of synthesis of algorithmic support of the decision support system for the controlled destruction of resin vulcanizates of butyl rubber. As an object of research, the destruction processes have been selected, which are carried out by combining external destructive factors: ionization irradiation and subsequent thermomechanical treatment. Based on the results of the system analysis of the destruction process stages as control objects, the main and cross system connections between the input, internal parameters of the process and the physical properties of the final product have been revealed. The most preferred channels for controlling the rate of physical and chemical processes occurring during destruction have been selected. Using a combination of control actions, a method and an algorithm for controlling the stages of destruction has been proposed, which allows for programmed control of the operating parameters of the process to obtain reclaimed butyl rubber with target quality indicators. The structural synthesis of the mathematical support of the decision support system, which calculates the optimal values of the process parameters in accordance with the formed search criteria, has been carried out. An algorithm for controlling the destruction process has been developed, which calculates the optimal parameters of the process using the mathematical tools, which includes the Choquet integral, the Sugeno fuzzy measure, and a genetic algorithm for solving optimization problems. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Irradiation

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Secure-reliable smart contract applications based blockchain technology in smart cities environment

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Procedia Computer Science 2021年 186卷 669-676页

作者： Alexander A. Varfolomeev Liwa H. Alfarhani Zahraa Ch. Oleiwi BMSTU NRNU MEPhI RUDN Information Security Department Moscow Russia System analysis control and information processing dep. Academy of Engineering RUDN University Moscow Russia Faculty of Science University of Al-Qadisiyah Iraq

Over time, our lives turn to digitization and technology and its multiple applications and uses. The smart city, its technologies and the services provided during it have become a way of life. The idea of smart cities relied on different mechanisms to provide reliable services. One of the important technologies is the blockchain that has proven to be extremely reliable and has a high security level technology. This paper presents a mechanism to explain the application of blockchain technology in smart contracts, how to increase reliability, data security, and many positive benefits as part of the multiple services provided by the smart city environment. This paper also provides important details about this technology and its impact on the overall administrative system of any service provided by smart governments. The paper dealt with an example of how to manage the real estate rental file electronically to explain the advantages of blockchain technology through which we overcome existing problems in this type of contract and service.

关键词： Smart city blockchain smart contract

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Parallel Byzantine fault tolerance method for blockchain

Parallel Byzantine fault tolerance method for blockchain

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International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security, ICABCS 2023

作者： Dubey, Kumar Pradyot Gnanaprakasam, C.N. Khan, Ihtiram Raza Sadik, Md Shibli Al-Farhani, Liwa H. Ray, Samrat Department of Computer and Information Science Jagadguru Ram Bhadracharya Divyanga University UP Chitrakoot India Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering St. Joseph’s College of Engineering Tamilnadu Chennai India Computer Science Department Jamia Hamdard Delhi India University of Portsmouth Portsmouth United Kingdom System Analysis Control and Information Processing Dep Academy of Engineering RUDN University Moscow Russia The Institute of Industrial Management Economics and Trade Peter The Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781032669663

Enterprise-focused blockchain applications that offer safe, anonymous, and immutable transactions are growing as blockchain technology matures. Traditional blockchain architecture has low performance and scalability, making it unsuitable for enterpriselevel applications with high concurrency and massive data. This paper studies and proposes a simplified Byzantine fault-tolerant (SBFT) consensus algorithm to improve consensus stage efficiency, a Task parallel smart contract model to maximise multi-core system parallel efficiency, and an improved blockchain system architecture to reflect the lightweight, low coupling nature of blockchain technology. It facilitates corporate application secondary development and the ParaChain blockchain and smart contract technology. Experimental verification compares the parallelization - based ParaChain blockchain’s TPS and scalability. PBFT-based blockchain systems have been greatly improved. © 2024 The Author(s).

关键词： Smart contract

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Clustering-based framework for comparing fMRI analysis methods

Clustering-based framework for comparing fMRI analysis metho...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： G.-A. Hossein-Zadeh A.-M. Golestani H. Soltanian-Zadeh Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Image Analysis Laboratory Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI USA

In this paper, a cluster-based framework is introduced for comparing analysis methods of functional magnetic resonance images (fMRI). In the proposed framework, fMRI data is replaced with a feature space and each method considered as a clustering method in the new space. As a result, different methods can be compared by means of a cluster validity measure. The feature space is computed using a non-parametric method (principal component analysis-PCA). Four subjects have been analyzed with three methods and the proposed cluster-based framework has evaluated performance of the methods. The results are identical to those of the modified receiver operating characteristics (ROC). This validates the proposed approach.

关键词： Clustering algorithms Algorithm design and analysis Image analysis Clustering methods Magnetic analysis Testing Accuracy Reproducibility of results Radiology Magnetic resonance

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Statistical Validation of Automatic Methods for Hippocampus Segmentation in MR Images of Epileptic Patients

Statistical Validation of Automatic Methods for Hippocampus ...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Mohammad-Parsa Hosseini Mohammad R. Nazem-Zadeh Dario Pompili Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rutgers University Medical Image Analysis Lab Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479276

Hippocampus segmentation is a key step in the evaluation of mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (mTLE) by MR images. Several automated segmentation methods have been introduced for medical image segmentation. Because of multiple edges, missing boundaries, and shape changing along its longitudinal axis, manual outlining still remains the bench-mark for hippocampus segmentation, which however, is impractical for large datasets due to time constraints. In this study, four automatic methods, namely FreeSurfer, Hammer, Automatic Brain Structure Segmentation (ABSS), and LocalInfo segmentation, are evaluated to find the most accurate and applicable method that resembles the bench-mark of hippocampus. Results from these four methods are compared against those obtained using manual segmentation for T1-weighted images of 157 symptomatic mTLE patients. For performance evaluation of automatic segmentation, Dice coefficient, Hausdorff distance, Precision, and Root Mean Square (RMS) distance are extracted and compared. Among these four automated methods, ABSS generates the most accurate results and the reproducibility is more similar to expert manual outlining by statistical validation. By considering p-value<0.05, the results of performance measurement for ABSS reveal that, Dice is 4%, 13%, and 17% higher, Hausdorff is 23%, 87%, and 70% lower, precision is 5%, -5%, and 12% higher, and RMS is 19%, 62%, and 65% lower compared to LocalInfo, FreeSurfer, and Hammer, respectively.

关键词： Segmentation Hippocampus Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Comparison Epilepsy

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Blockchain Based Cloud Authentication Framework for Digital Identity Management in Smart City

Blockchain Based Cloud Authentication Framework for Digital ...

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Information Technology, Applied Mathematics and Statistics (ICITAMS), International Conference on

作者： Alexander A. Varfolomeev Liwa H. Al-Farhani Information Security Department BMSTU NRNU MEPhI RUDN University MOSCOW RUSSIA System analysis control and information processing dep Academy of Engineering RUDN University MOSCOW RUSSIA

ISBN: (数字)9798350335118

ISBN: (纸本)9798350335125

The smart city environment includes dozens or even hundreds of various services in various areas of interest to users and aimed at improving the standard of living. These include services related to very sensitive aspects such as health, education, banking, and services that have a secret aspect. Cloud service providers need user data in order to be able to authenticate him in order to be able to access and access the desired service. Therefore, confidentiality, privacy and security are essential conditions for this type of communication. This type of complex and intrusive services leads to the need to provide effective solutions and mechanisms for authentication processes based on digital identity information. The process of building and managing trust between service providers and users needs a system of standards, so this paper provides a framework based on the archived behavior of users and cloud service providers operating within the approved trust circle in a smart environment based on the blockchain and its advantages in reliability, transparency and decentralization, while providing a mathematical model for evaluating and calculating trust standards for all subscribers as a basis for completing the authentication process and accessing services.

关键词： Privacy Smart cities Education Authentication Mathematical models Blockchains Security

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Development of a Simple Dielectric Equivalent Circuit Model from Polarization and Depolarization Current Measurements

Development of a Simple Dielectric Equivalent Circuit Model ...

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IEEE/IAS Industrial and Commercial Power system Asia (I&CPS Asia)

作者： Peerawut Yutthagowith Phethai Nimsanong Yoshihiro Baba School of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand Department of Power System Control Metropolitan Electricity Authority Power System Analysis Section Bangkok Thailand Graduate School of Science and Engineering Doshisha University Kyoto Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350352290

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352306

Assessing insulation performance is vital for sustainable energy systems, which aim to minimize visual impact while ensuring reliability and resilience against weather-related disruptions. With increasing reliance on renewable energy sources, the importance of insulation performance becomes even more pronounced. Regular evaluations of insulation performance are critical for maintaining the safety, reliability, and resilience of electricity networks. By promptly identifying risks such as insulation degradation, utilities can improve maintenance practices, prioritize repairs, and enhance the integration of renewables, thereby boosting overall infrastructure performance. This paper introduces a straightforward and precise technique for determining the equivalent circuit parameters of insulation systems in high-voltage equipment. The proposed method facilitates the accurate determination of the dielectric loss factor from the equivalent circuit. To validate this approach, test cases were utilized to demonstrate its effectiveness. The results obtained through this method were then compared with those obtained using commercial software. The comparison reveals that the proposed approach results in a lower number of depolarization current branches compared to the commercial software. Also, it provides almost the same relative root mean square error and the lower root mean square relative error of the depolarization current. These findings underscore the appeal and effectiveness of the proposed method for determining the equivalent circuit of the dielectric model.

关键词： Insulation Renewable energy sources Current measurement Fitting Dielectric losses Software Integrated circuit modeling Root mean square Equivalent circuits Resilience

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Multiresolution automatic segmentation of T1-weighted brain MR images

Multiresolution automatic segmentation of T1-weighted brain ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： M. Zeydabadi R.A. Zoroofi H. Soltanian-Zadeh Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Image Analysis and Communications Laboratory Detroit MI USA

Automatic segmentation of brain tissues is crucial to many medical imaging applications. We use a multi-resolution analysis and a power transform to extend the well-known Gaussian mixture model expectation maximization based algorithm for segmentation of white matter, gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain. Experimental results with near 4000 synthetic and real images are included. The results illustrate that the proposed method outperforms six existing methods.

关键词： Image resolution Image segmentation Biomedical imaging Multiresolution analysis Image analysis Magnetic analysis Algorithm design and analysis Brain modeling Magnetic liquids Magnetic resonance

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