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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2021年第5期2卷 424-436页

作者： Li, Guoxin Li, Zhijun Li, Junjun Liu, Yueyue Qiao, Hong The Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China The Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei230026 China The School of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou511442 China The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex System Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Science Beijing100190 China The School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China The Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Institute of Neuroscience Chinese Academy of Science Shanghai200031 China

Upper limb loss has significant effects on the individual's quality of life. Artificial prosthetic limbs as an alternative to the lost limb are designed to allow amputees to regain motor function. Motion classification via extracted surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals is widely utilized to realize a friendly human-robot interface in the control of the prosthesis. However, limited classification of discrete motion patterns from sEMG prevents intuitive motor control. Thus, instead of using discrete patterns, decoding the human intention continuously from sEMG would significantly benefit the prosthesis control. In this article, we propose a muscle-synergy-based intention decoding and motion planning that can model a broad set of complex upper limb movements as a combination of motor primitives. A novel muscle activation-to-force mapping model is developed to detect muscular effort of the healthy side to drive the affected side. A neural-network-approximation-based controller is developed for the bionic neuroprosthetic arm to execute the movement. Operational experiments with prosthetic movement control were performed on four healthy participants and an upper limb amputee participant. Results of controlling prosthetic arm (0.94 ± 0.02 of R2 in the horizontal reaching tasks and 0.95 ± 0.01 in the vertical reaching tasks for the healthy subjects, 0.95 and 0.97 for the amputee) demonstrate that our control method could successfully capture human movement intention and effectively control the movement of prosthesis. Impact Statement-Powered robotic prostheses have enabled individuals with limb amputations to regain motor function via motion intention decoding from extracting surface electromyogram signals. Most research works have provided human-robot interaction through motion classification obtained from pattern recognition using surface electromyogram signals and simple movement control. However, decoding the human intent continuously from surface electromyogram is con

关键词： Matrix algebra

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An MPC-based cooperative control approach for separated power electric multiple units

An MPC-based cooperative control approach for separated powe...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Zixuan Zhang Yuan Cao Shuai Su Junlin Zhang Wei Wang School of Electric and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety and the Frontiers Science Center for Smart High-speed Railway System Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Traffic Control Technology Co. Ltd Beijing China Department of Automation Traffic Control Technology Co. Ltd Tsinghua University Beijing China

The integrated control of separated power electric multiple units (EMUs) and cars is a significant research field, the cars cooperative control problem of the separated power EMUs is investigated in this paper. Firstly, assuming that the separated power EMUs are composed of different numbers of powered cars and trailer cars connected by elastic couplers, and considering the electric traction/braking force, air braking force, and nonlinear basic resistance, a multi-particle model is established. Then a novel cost function is designed considering speed and position tracking errors, in-train force, traction energy consumption, and regenerative energy. Based on the model predictive control (MPC) methodology, a cooperative control approach is proposed to optimize the operation performance of separated power EMUs. The proposed control approach can improve EMUs tracking accuracy, and reduce internal force and net energy consumption during EMUs operation. Finally, the proposed approach is verified by numerical simulations.

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FFPA-Net: Efficient Feature Fusion with Projection Awareness for 3D Object Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jiang, Chaokang Wang, Guangming Wu, Jinxing Miao, Yanzi Wang, Hesheng Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space Ministry of Education School of Information and Control Engineering Advanced Robotics Research Center China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Intelligent Equipment and System of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China The Department of Engineering Mechanics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

Promising complementarity exists between the texture features of color images and the geometric information of LiDAR point clouds. However, there still present many challenges for efficient and robust feature fusion in the field of 3D object detection. In this paper, first, unstructured 3D point clouds are filled in the 2D plane and 3D point cloud features are extracted faster using projection-aware convolution layers. Further, the corresponding indexes between different sensor signals are established in advance in the data preprocessing, which enables faster cross-modal feature fusion. To address LiDAR points and image pixels misalignment problems, two new plug- and-play fusion modules, LiCamFuse and BiLiCamFuse, are proposed. In LiCamFuse, soft query weights with perceiving the Euclidean distance of bimodal features are proposed. In BiLiCamFuse, the fusion module with dual attention is proposed to deeply correlate the geometric and textural features of the scene. The quantitative results on the KITTI dataset demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better feature-level fusion. In addition, the proposed network shows a shorter running time compared to existing methods. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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An IMU Error Correction Method Based on Multithreshold ZV Detection and SRCKF

An IMU Error Correction Method Based on Multithreshold ZV De...

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Cyber-Physical Social Intelligence (ICCSI), International Conference on

作者： Jialiang Luo Shichao Chen Yisheng Lv Wenqiao Sun Fan Yang Ruijie Xu The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Engineering China University of Geosciences Beijing China The State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences The Center of National Railway Intelligent Transportation System Engineering and Technology China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Beijing China The State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Transportation and Economics Research Institute and the Center of National Railway Intelligent Transportation System Engineering and Technology China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited China The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex System State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Rail Transit Shan Dong JiaoTong University Jinan China Department of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

With the rapid development and widespread application of Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs), IMU-based human localization has become critically important in environments lacking Global Navigation Satellite systems (GNSS) signals. Methods such as UWB/WIFI and other anchor-based localization have been employed to enhance the positioning accuracy. However, these methods are susceptible to the environmental interference and increased costs. In contrast, SINS-based localization methods eliminate reliance on the external data. However, this method can suffer from drift errors due to cumulative integration errors. Inertial navigation error correction techniques like Zero Detection Update Technology (ZUPT) provide potential solutions to address drift errors. This paper proposes an error correction method based on the multithreshold zero-velocity detection and Square Root Cubature Kalman Filter (SRCKF) updates. Compared to the single fixed threshold detection, the multi-threshold zero-velocity detection reduces the likelihood of missed zero velocity detection and false alarms, providing accurate time intervals for error correction. Experimental results demonstrate that the SRCKF-based algorithm reduces position deviation to approximately 0.3146 meters, corresponding to an error ratio of1.14%. The proposed method enables cost-effective and accurate pedestrian localization, driving advancements in the field.

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Data-driven approximation of control invariant set for linear system based on convex piecewise linear fitting

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Xu, Jun Chen, Fanglin School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China The Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai200240 China The Department of Computer Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China

control invariant set is critical for guaranteeing safe control and the problem of computing control invariant set for linear discrete-time system is revisited in this paper by using a data-driven approach. Specifically, sample points on convergent trajectories of linear MPC are recorded, of which the convex hull formulates a control invariant set for the linear system. To approximate the convex hull of multiple sample points, a convex piecewise linear (PWL) fitting framework has been proposed, which yields a polyhedral approximation with predefined complexity. A descent algorithm for the convex PWL fitting problem is also developed, which is guaranteed to converge to a local optimum. The proposed strategy is flexible in computing the control invariant set in high dimension with a predefined complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed data-driven approximation can compute the approximated control invariant set with high accuracy and relatively low computational cost. © 2022, CC0.

关键词： Linear systems

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Research on Geomembrane Leakage Detection Method Based on Quadruped Robot

Research on Geomembrane Leakage Detection Method Based on Qu...

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Chinese automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Pengcheng Zhang Ningning Hu Xiao Wang Qingbiao Xi Haohao Zhao Xingchen Wu Linfeng Qin Dongli Yuan Investigation & Testing Research Institute Shanghai Investigation Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd. Shanghai China System Department 2 Xi'an ASN Technology Group Co. Ltd. Xi'an China School of Electronic and Control Engineering Chang'an University Xi'an China School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China

ISBN: (数字)9798350368604

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368611

Aiming at the problem of leakage detection of seepage control geomembranes in landfills, a fully autonomous dipole method detection system based on a quadruped robot equipped with a dipole sensor is designed. The feasibility and superiority of using a quadruped robot are analyzed on the basis of the detection principle of the dipole method. Due to the problems existing in the process of upgrading the artificial static detection to autonomous dynamic detection, a dynamic detection method based on a quadruped robot is designed while the structure construction of the dipole method on the quadruped robot is completed. The experimental results show that the efficiency of geomembrane leakage detection can be improved with detection system method employed in this paper.

关键词： Legged locomotion Costs automation Landfills Dogs Robot sensing systems Software Quadrupedal robots Intelligent control

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A Model-free False Data Injection Attack Strategy in Networked control systems

A Model-free False Data Injection Attack Strategy in Network...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Xiaoyu Luo Chongrong Fang Chengcheng Zhao Jianping He The Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China and Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai China The State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology and Institute of Cyberspace Research Zhejiang University China

ISBN: (数字)9781665467612

ISBN: (纸本)9781665467629

The data-driven attack strategies recently have received much attention when the full knowledge of the system model is unknown or difficult to be obtained for the adversary. Note that despite the critical parameters of the system model being unavailable for the adversary, the existing data-driven attack methods still depend on the linearity of the unknown system model. In this paper, we design a completely model-free attack strategy where the adversary with limited capability aims to compromise state variables such that the output value follows the expected trajectory. Specifically, we first construct a zeroth-order feedback optimization framework and uninterruptedly use probing signals for real-time measurements. Then, we iteratively update the attack signals along the composite direction of the gradient estimates of the objective function evaluations and the projected gradients. These objective function evaluations can be obtained only by real-time measurements. Furthermore, we characterize the optimality of these solutions via the optimality gap, which is affected by the dimensions of the attack signal, the iterations of solutions, and the convergence rate of the system. Extensive simulations are conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed attack strategy.

关键词： Networked control systems Computational modeling Current measurement Linear programming Real-time systems Data models Time measurement

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Semi-Global Leaderless Consensus of Linear Multi-agent systems with Actuator and Communication Constraints

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Journal of systems Science & Complexity 2020年第4期33卷 882-902页

作者： WANG Jian SHI Liangren GUAN Xinping Department of Automation and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of EducationShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Navigation and Location-based Services and Academy of Information Technology and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

This paper studies the leaderless consensus problems of multi-agent systems with input saturation and intermittent communication over directed networks. Both the state feedback and the output feedback consensus algorithms are developed based on low gain feedback approach. The convergence of the trajectories of all agents can be achieved by these proposed algorithms, if the communication topology has a directed spanning tree, and the intermittent communication period T and time rate ρ are larger than their associated threshold values. Simulation examples are provided to verify the theoretical results.

关键词： agent directed communication

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Pseudo-LiDAR for Visual Odometry

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Deng, Huiying Wang, Guangming Feng, Zhiheng Jiang, Chaokang Wu, Xinrui Miao, Yanzi Wang, Hesheng Advanced Robotics Research Center AI Research Institute School of Information and Control Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou221116 China Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Intelligent Equipment and System of Ministry of Education Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

As one of the important tasks in the field of robotics and machine vision, LiDAR/visual odometry provides tremendous help for various applications such as navigation, location, etc. In the existing methods, LiDAR odometry shows superior performance, but visual odometry is still widely used for its price advantage. Conventionally, the task of visual odometry mainly rely on the input of continuous images. However, it is very complicated for the odometry network to learn the epipolar geometry information provided by the images. In this paper, the concept of pseudo-LiDAR is introduced into the odometry to solve this problem. The pseudo-LiDAR point cloud back-projects the depth map generated by the image into the 3D point cloud, which changes the way of image representation. Compared with the stereo images, the pseudo-LiDAR point cloud generated by the stereo matching network can get the explicit 3D coordinates. Since the 6 Degrees of Freedom (DoF) pose transformation occurs in 3D space, the 3D structure information provided by the pseudo-LiDAR point cloud is more direct than the image. Compared with sparse LiDAR, the pseudo-LiDAR has a denser point cloud. In order to make full use of the rich point cloud information provided by the pseudo-LiDAR, a projection-aware dense odometry pipeline is adopted. Most previous LiDAR-based algorithms sampled 8192 points from the point cloud as input to the odometry network. The projection-aware dense odometry pipeline takes all the pseudo-LiDAR point clouds generated from the images except for the error points as the input to the network. While making full use of the 3D geometric information in the images, the semantic information in the images is also used in the odometry task. The fusion of 2D-3D is achieved in an image-only based odometry. Experiments on the KITTI dataset prove the effectiveness of our method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first visual odometry method using pseudo-LiDAR. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. A

关键词： Pipelines

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Joint Offloading Decision and Resource Allocation for Vehicular Fog-Edge Computing Networks: A Contract-Stackelberg Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Yuwei Yang, Bo Wu, Hao Han, Qiaoni Chen, Cailian Guan, Xinping The Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai200240 China The Department of Automation Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

With the popularity of mobile devices and development of computationally intensive applications, researchers are focusing on offloading computation to Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) server due to its high computational efficiency and low communication delay. As the computing resources of an MEC server are limited, vehicles in the urban area who have abundant idle resources should be fully utilized. However, offloading computing tasks to vehicles faces many challenging issues. In this paper, we introduce a vehicular fog-edge computing paradigm and formulate it as a multi-stage Stackelberg game to deal with these issues. Specifically, vehicles are not obligated to share resources, let alone disclose their private information (e.g., stay time and the amount of resources). Therefore, in the first stage, we design a contract-based incentive mechanism to motivate vehicles to contribute their idle resources. Next, due to the complicated interactions among vehicles, road-side unit (RSU), MEC server and mobile device users, it is challenging to coordinate the resources of all parties and design a transaction mechanism to make all entities benefit. In the second and third stages, based on Stackelberg game, we develop pricing strategies that maximize the utilities of all parties. The analytical forms of optimal strategies for each stage are given. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed incentive mechanism, reveal the trends of energy consumption and offloading decisions of users with various parameters, and present the performance comparison between our framework and existing MEC offloading paradigm in vehicular networks. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Fog computing

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