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Recent Progress in Reinforcement Learning and Adaptive Dynamic Programming for Advanced control Applications

IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 18-36页

作者： Ding Wang Ning Gao Derong Liu Jinna Li Frank L.Lewis IEEE the Faculty of Information Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent SystemBeijing Laboratory of Smart Environmental Protectionand Beijing Institute of Artificial IntelligenceBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China the School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicago IL 60607 USA the School of Information and Control Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun 113001China the UTA Research Institute the University of Texas at ArlingtonArlington TX 76118 USA

Reinforcement learning(RL) has roots in dynamic programming and it is called adaptive/approximate dynamic programming(ADP) within the control community. This paper reviews recent developments in ADP along with RL and its applications to various advanced control fields. First, the background of the development of ADP is described, emphasizing the significance of regulation and tracking control problems. Some effective offline and online algorithms for ADP/adaptive critic control are displayed, where the main results towards discrete-time systems and continuous-time systems are surveyed, ***, the research progress on adaptive critic control based on the event-triggered framework and under uncertain environment is discussed, respectively, where event-based design, robust stabilization, and game design are reviewed. Moreover, the extensions of ADP for addressing control problems under complex environment attract enormous attention. The ADP architecture is revisited under the perspective of data-driven and RL frameworks,showing how they promote ADP formulation ***, several typical control applications with respect to RL and ADP are summarized, particularly in the fields of wastewater treatment processes and power systems, followed by some general prospects for future research. Overall, the comprehensive survey on ADP and RL for advanced control applications has d emonstrated its remarkable potential within the artificial intelligence era. In addition, it also plays a vital role in promoting environmental protection and industrial intelligence.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming(ADP) advanced control complex environment data-driven control event-triggered design intelligent control neural networks nonlinear systems optimal control reinforcement learning(RL)

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Fully Digital Cosine Signal Driven Pulse Oximeter Without Bandpass Filter Based on Microcontroller 22

Fully Digital Cosine Signal Driven Pulse Oximeter Without Ba...

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12th International Conference on Biomedical engineering and Technology, ICBET 2022

作者： Kainan, Pattana Wiriyatanachit, Supatsara Rungkrae, Manussawee Wardkein, Paramote Maneerat, Noppadol Wittayaphan, Yannawit Promkaew, Kittithut Boonyasittisopon, Narutrat Department of Telecommunication Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Thailand Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Thailand Tyco Group Co. Ltd Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781450395779

In this research, almost fully digital microcontroller pulse oximeter processing by two frequencies of cosine wave-driven red and infrared light sources as well as direct recovering photoplethysmography (PPG) signals from FDM signal without bandpass filter with coherent amplitude demodulation is proposed. An ESP32 microcontroller is employed to generate two cosine waves with two difference equation algorithms instead of using the function of cosine from Arduino or C library language. Two frequency digital cosine wave signals are generated and converted to analog signals with D/A to drive two light sources while two digital cosine signals as mentioned above are recognized in order to use to be as two local oscillator cosine wave signals for recovery of two PPG signals with synchronous demodulation. The RED and IR PPG signals are later used to estimate blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). The experimental result shows that it works well with accuracy and precision of 99.4448% and 0.5551, respectively. © 2022 ACM.

关键词： Amplitude modulation

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Analysis of requirements for teaching Industry 4.0 topics at universities

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第9期58卷 293-298页

作者： Václav Kaczmarczyk Ondřej Baštán Petr Marcoň Jan Jirsa Jakub Arm Zdenek Bradac Zuzana Kaczmarczyková Department of Control and Instrumentation Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Brno University of Technology Czech Republic Department of Theoretical and Experimental Electrical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Brno University of Technology Czech Republic The Polytechnic College Jihlava Czech Republic

In order to fulfill the philosophy of Industry 4.0, it is necessary to introduce a large number of new topics in schools, which are difficult for students to grasp. The basic problem in teaching is the requirement of interdisciplinarity, where a student of electrical engineering automation must get an overview of mechanical and computer science topics. The skills can be divided into technical - engineering and business-management skills. In addition to hard skills, the need to introduce soft skills into the curriculum cannot be overlooked. The article summarises the necessary competences and gives a brief overview of what is taught in the field of Industry 4.0 at our workplace, together with a short comparison of other institutions.

关键词： Industry 4.0 Education Cyber-physical systems

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Mathematical Modeling of the Impact of a 5 Day Interim Relaxation at 21 Days in 42 days Lockdown Strategy on COVID-19 Transmission in India 10

Mathematical Modeling of the Impact of a 5 Day Interim Relax...

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10th International Conference on Biosignals, Images and instrumentation, ICBSII 2024

作者： Immaculyne, Flavia Bakiyaambikapathy Krishnamurthy, Kamalanand De Britto, Lourduraj Benoi Cresent Schlumberger- Reda Production System Singapore Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chennai India Anna University Department of Instrumentation Engineering MIT Campus Chennai India Vector Control Research Centre Indian Council of Medical Research Puducherry India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350951

As of the first week of May 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic is present in 212 nations globally. Many countries have enforced lockdown measures strategically to slow down the epidemic's spread, with the objective of relieving pressure on healthcare systems. Mathematical modelling serves as a useful tool for the prediction of the future numbers of the infected population and for analyzing the effects of various intervention strategies. In this work, a mathematical model based on ordinary differential equations has been developed for analyzing the impact of an interim relaxation of 5 days at 21 days in a 42 days lockdown period. Results of the simulation demonstrate that the relaxation of 5 days during the 42 days lockdown does not result in any adverse effects if the transmission rate remains the same. However, the model-based analysis suggests that an increase in the transmission rate by a factor of 1.2 times during the relaxation period due to the possible aggregation of the susceptible with the infected, it could shift the growth pattern of infected cases from sub-exponential to exponential. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Fuzzy Logic-based Techniques for Human Driver Behavior Modelling during a Simple Lane-changing Task

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第9期58卷 257-262页

作者： M. Jirgl M. Mesarosova P. Fiedler J. Arm Department of Control and Instrumentation Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Brno University of Technology Technicka 3082/12 616 00 Brno Czech Republic

The paper presents an experiment with fuzzy-logic-based models for approximating data representing human driver behavior during a simple lane-changing task. Data are acquired via the self-developed car driving simulator under defined conditions. Three fuzzy-logic-based models are considered: fuzzy Hammerstein model, fuzzy PD controller with a fixed structure (analogy to the linear PD controller) and fuzzy PD controller with an optimized structure. A comparison of the effectiveness of the individual approaches was evaluated using a criterion representing the fitness of the model output and the measured data. Although only one dataset was considered in the frame of this paper, the results indicate an investigative potential of the fuzzy models for this kind of task connected with the modelling of human behavior.

关键词： Human driver model Hammerstein model fuzzy logic fuzzy controller car driving simulator

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Evaluating the Effect of Fatigue on Driver’s Performance

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第9期58卷 263-268页

作者： M. Jirgl S. Sediva Z. Bradac Department of Control and Instrumentation Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Brno University of Technology Technicka 3082/12 616 00 Brno Czech Republic

The paper presents an experimental cybernetic approach for the evaluation of drivers’ performance in connection with fatigue based on mathematical modelling and description of human behavior during a simple lane-changing task. Data are acquired via the in-house developed car driving simulator under defined conditions. Statistical evaluation of the used parameters for 50 active drivers is presented as an initial data set for the determination of the described drivers’ performance decision-making system built on fuzzy logic. The system was then used for calculating the DPI (Driver performance index) as a self-determined relative measure of drivers’ performance. Then, an example of applying the method with three volunteers influenced by fatigue is presented. All of these participants reached lower DPI in the case of fatigue induced by a 3-hour-long simulated loading drive on a highway. Although the results cannot be statistically significantly interpreted, they indicate a potential for further and deeper research.

关键词： Human driver model drivers’ performance fatigue car driving simulator fuzzy logic

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Impact of diameter on D-shaped POF sensors for salt detection

Impact of diameter on D-shaped POF sensors for salt detectio...

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International Laser Technology and Optics Symposium 2024, iLATOS2024

作者： Khan, Abdul Ali Thirunavakkarasu, Punithavathi M. bte Saidin, Norazlina Noor, Ahmad Shukri Muhammad Waqas, Nawaf Communication Technology Section Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute Kuala lumpur53100 Malaysia Faculty of I.C.T BUITEMS Quetta87100 Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur53100 Malaysia Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering Universiti Kuala Lumpur British Malaysian Institute Bt. 8 Jalan Sungai Pusu Selangor Gombak53100 Malaysia

This study investigates the relationship between the diameter of a D-shaped plastic optical fiber (POF) sensor and its optical response as a function of varying salt concentrations. A simple and efficient dry etching polishing technique was employed to create D-shaped POF sensors with a range of diameters. All the fabricated sensors were carefully developed to maintain a consistent length of 20 cm with a sensing region of 1cm. To evaluate the optical intensity response, each sensor, with its respective diameter, was examined with the salt concentration ranging from (0 to 5%) examination utilizing a spectrometer. The sensor response was characterized by quantifying the variations observed in the intensity of the optical signal propagating through the sensing region. The sensors having a diameter of 500 μm, 700 μm, and 900 μm had a sensitivity of 149 A.U/%salt, 66 A.U/%salt, and 11.2 A.U/%salt respectively. The sensitivity of the 500 μm diameter sensor increased 13 times approximately as compared to the sensor having diameter of 900 μm. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dry etching

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Visual Localization of Intersections on Autonomous Vehicles Based on HD Map 23

Visual Localization of Intersections on Autonomous Vehicles ...

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23rd International Conference on control, Automation and systems, ICCAS 2023

作者： Utsula, Bizza S. Ashedananta, Muhammad D. Azis, Nadana A. Nazaruddin, Yul Y. Nadhira, Vebi Institut Teknologi Bandung Faculty of Industrial Technology Department of Engineering Physics Bandung40132 Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung Engineering Physics Doctoral Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Bandung40132 Indonesia Instrumentation and Control Research Group Institut Teknologi Bandung Faculty of Industrial Technology Bandung40132 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9788993215274

The increasing number of autonomous vehicles will result in a safety factor that must be maintained. One of the crucial prerequisites for this is proper localization, especially at intersections where most road accidents occur each year. This research is proposed to improve the localization process, which has drawbacks such as the inaccurate Global Positioning system (GPS) when satellite signals are blocked, and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), which is expensive and needs heavy computing time. This is done by implementing the High Definition Map (HD Map) method, which maps the condition of an area that is stored as memory on an autonomous vehicle computer. The proposed system uses a monocular camera to be processed into a semantic segmentation feature map at the pixel level, then uses point cloud to reconstruct a 3D intersection model, which is then segmented semantically as well so that position data is obtained after merging using the occupancy grid and scoring function. The results of this CNN-based approach localization produce less accuracy and Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU) values with 60% average accuracy and 62.3 MioU when compared to GPS data and other 3D semantic segmentation systems, but the proposed approach can save costs and computational burden. © 2023 ICROS.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Development of a Capacitive Sensing Module to Detect the Concentration of Isopropyl Alcohol for Covid-19 Disinfection Using Small Capacitance to DC Converter

Development of a Capacitive Sensing Module to Detect the Con...

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International ECTI Northern Section Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Computer and Telecommunications engineering (ECTI-NCON)

作者： Witsarut Sriratana Manasnit Faijaree Lerdlekha Sriratana Sutham Satthamsakul Department of Instrumentation and Control Engineering School of Engineering King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand Department of Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Ramkhamhaeng University Bangkok Thailand

This paper presents the development of a sensing module for analyzing the concentration of disinfectant alcohol commercially available in Thailand during the Covid-19 epidemic situation to ensure the ingredients and percentage concentration by focusing on simplicity, low cost with reliable performance. Under the basic physical structure of the capacitance change [1]–[5], it consists of a New Sensor Module developed to fully interface with the small capacitance to DC converter for capacitive sensor [2] model. Inside the sensing structure, there were 2 modules of metal conductors. Each conductor was 3 mm. thick, placed in parallel with a fixed distance between the module of 1 mm. The cross-sectional areas of the plates of those two modules were different in order to compare the efficiency of the detector developed. The cross-sectional areas of the plates of Module A and B were 4 cm 2 and 1 cm 2 , respectively. Experiments were performed with 3 concentrations of alcohol, 65%, 70% and 75%, to enhance the concentration detecting performance of the sensing module developed. The signal conditioning was generated from a small capacitance to DC converter for capacitive detection with a frequency of 100 kHz, which was the most suitable frequency for exciting the capacitance change which was the capacitive reactance of the alcohol used in this study. From experiments, it was found that the sensing module with a small cross-sectional conductive material would provide more accurate results in terms of linearity and repeatability. The errors were less than 2.72% compared to the module with a large cross-sectional conductor material which would have an error up to 4.73%.

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Event-triggered learning of Euler-Lagrange systems: A Koopman operator framework 63

Event-triggered learning of Euler-Lagrange systems: A Koopma...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and control, CDC 2024

作者： Zheng, Kaikai Shi, Dawei Li, Shilei Shi, Yang Beijing Institute of Technology Miit Key Laboratory of Servo Motion System Drive and Control School of Automation Beijing100081 China University of Victoria Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering VictoriaBCV8N 3P6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

Euler-Lagrange (EL) systems represent a crucial and large class of dynamical systems, and a precise model of the true system would be beneficial in planning and tracking problems. This work aims to learn an unknown EL system using noisy measurement data to achieve improved data utilization efficiency. Specifically, for the considered EL system, a linear representation of the system is constructed using the Koopman operator, which is further characterized by sample data using Willems' fundamental lemma. Moreover, an event-triggered learning mechanism is proposed to improve data utilization efficiency, and it is designed based on the analysis of the learning error bounds. The effectiveness of the proposed event-triggered learning approach is validated through a manipulator example. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Lagrange multipliers

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