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Types of the National Markets of Ancillary Services and Balancing Energy

Journal of Energy and Power engineering 2013年第10期7卷 1884-1891页

作者： Ana Horvat Sedlie Niko Mandie Bosko Milesevie System Control Department Croatian Transmission System Operator Kupska Zagreb 4-10000 Croatia University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing Unska Zagreb 3-10000 Croatia

Modeling of ancillary services market can be described as institutional arrangements for establishing ancillary services management in deregulated electricity market. Models of the national ancillary services markets are market models which offer transmission system operator efficient procurement of ancillary services, reducing the system management risk, more competitive electricity market, better utilization of production facilities and complete deregulation of electricity markets. This paper deals with current mode of ancillary services market and potential market development in Croatia. Described models are used for establishing market of ancillary services which should occur in parallel with the electricity market.

关键词： Energy ancillary services balancing market models.

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An application of Neural Network for paraplegic quadriceps muscle model

An application of Neural Network for paraplegic quadriceps m...

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International Colloquium on Signal Processing & Its Applications, CSPA

作者： S. M. Salleh R. Jailani M. O. Tokhi Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering University of Sheffied UK

This paper presents the development of quadriceps muscle model based on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were used to study the impact of stimulation frequency, pulse width and pulse duration towards the output torque produce by paraplegic.722 data are used by randomly divide 70% for training, 15% for validation and another 15% is for testing process. Two types of training approaches which is Levenberg Marquardt Back propagation (LM) and Resilient Back propagation (RP) are used in developing of quadriceps muscle model. The model developed are validate with the clinical data to see the accuracy of the torque output predicted with the identified parameter. From the study, LM is found to be the most accurate with accuracy up to 99.98% The identified parameter used from model developed in this study will be used to control various strategies on the Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) system.

关键词： Muscles Mathematical model Training Artificial neural networks Jacobian matrices Data models Biological system modeling

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Development of Body Weight Support Gait Training system using Pneumatic McKibben Actuators ～control of Lower Extremity Orthosis

Development of Body Weight Support Gait Training System usin...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： M. A. Mat Dzahir T. Nobutomo S. I. Yamamoto Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia department of machinery & control system SIT Department of Life Science The University of Tokyo

ISBN: (纸本)9781457702150

Recently, robot assisted therapy devices are increasingly used for spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation in assisting handicapped patients to regain their impaired movements. Assistive robotic systems may not be able to cure or fully compensate impairments, but it should be able to assist certain impaired functions and ease movements. In this study, the control system of lower extremity orthosis for the body weight support gait training system which implements pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM) is proposed. The hip and knee joint angles of the gait orthosis system are controlled based on the PAM coordinates information from the simulation. This information provides the contraction data for the mono- and bi-articular PAMs that are arranged as posterior and anterior actuators to simulate the human walking motion. The proposed control system estimates the actuators' contraction as a function of hip and knee joint angles. Based on the contraction model obtained, input pressures for each actuators are measured. The control system are performed at different gait cycles and two PMA settings for the mono- and bi-articular actuators are evaluated in this research. The results showed that the system was able to achieve the maximum muscle moment at the joints, and able to perform the heel contact movement. This explained that the antagonistic mono- and bi-articular actuators worked effectively.

关键词： Mono-articular actuators Bi-articular actuators Pneumatic artificial muscle Contraction model based controller

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A New Challenge in Ecological Process control Based on PLCs with Profinet Communication Protocol

A New Challenge in Ecological Process Control Based on PLCs ...

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International Conference on control systems and Computer Science (CSCS)

作者： Alexandru Dumitrascu Dan Stefanoiu Ionut Tomita Department of Automatic Control and System Engineering Automatic Control and Computers Faculty University Politehnica of Bucharest Romania Asti Automation SRL Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781467361408

The current situation of environmental resources requires their efficient usage through efficient process control. But, process control can not be achieved without an essential component: the communication between all devices, such as sensors, controllers, actuators, programming stations etc. The aim is to achieve the irrigation process of plants in greenhouse conditions. Therefore, it is submitted a comprehensive application that proposes to be a distributed control system including data acquisition and processing, both local and remote monitoring of the process parameters. The distributed system is based on modern equipment: Siemens Simatic PLCs and HMI, Memsic e̅Ko Pro wireless sensors network, level sensors for irrigation tanks and actuators such as on/off valves and pumps. In terms of communication between equipments, an industrial bus and protocols were used - Profinet and wireless communication. The software part is provided by TIA Portal with STEP 7 and WinCC flexible RT and LOGO! Soft Comfort for programming the automation devices. ModbusTCP was used to develop the communication protocol between central devices.

关键词： Sensors Irrigation Process control Green products Wireless sensor networks Monitoring control systems

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Tracking performance and disturbance rejection of pneumatic actuator system

Tracking performance and disturbance rejection of pneumatic ...

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Asian control Conference

作者： Sy Najib Sy Salim Z. H. Ismail M. F. Rahmat A. A. M. Faudzi N. H. Sunar Sharatul Izah Samsudin Department of Control Instrumentation and Automation Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Malaysia Department of Control and Mechatronic Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Malaysia Centre for Artificial Intelligence & Robotics (CAIRO) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Industrial Electronics Faculty of Electronics and Computer Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Malaysia

This paper investigates several control strategies that potential to perform well in regulating and tracking set point of pneumatic actuator system and able to reject disturbance. The system consists of 5-port proportional valve with the dead-band flow and double rod cylinders that exhibit significant friction. Two control strategies of PID and NPID controllers with four different configurations with and without dead-zone compensators (DZC) are simulated. Three different input signals including step, sinusoidal and random waveforms are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed techniques. The effectiveness of NPID+DZC has been successfully demonstrated and proved through simulation and experimental studies.

关键词： Friction Pneumatic actuators Valves Simulation Pneumatic systems Force

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Measurement of Temperature Dependence in Material Coefficients of PZT Ceramics for Acoustic Emission Sensors

Measurement of Temperature Dependence in Material Coefficien...

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IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

作者： Jiri Fialka Stanislav Klusacek Petr Benes Stanislav Pikula CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology Department of Control and Instrumentation Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Brno University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781467356855

The behaviour of material coefficients of PZT ceramics at temperatures approaching the Curie point is a problem hitherto not examined in detail. However, this field offers several interesting perspectives, such as the possibility of controlled depolarization of the piezoceramic material in the volume of a sample. The measurement of temperature dependences in piezoelectric materials used for sensors is very significant with respect to determining the degree of stability that characterizes the sensitivity and accuracy of a sensor;moreover, such measurement enables us to establish the maximum temperature ranges for regular operation. In the experiment described within the paper, we applied two temperature ranges according to the parameters of the calibration furnaces. While the first range spanned between -20℃ and 140 ℃, the second one was defined by the boundary temperatures of 30℃ and 330℃, where the latter value (330℃) corresponds to the Curie point of the applied NCE 51 piezoelectric ceramics. The samples were cycled at gradually increasing maximum temperatures, and changes of the material constants were observed. We applied the frequency method to measure samples for the radial, thickness, transverse longitudinal, longitudinal, and thickness shear oscillation types. In samples of PZT ceramics, the measurement of temperature dependences up to the Curie temperature is very demanding in view of the characteristics of the applied measuring devices. Thus, the authors have included in this article a detailed discussion of suitable apparatuses and measurement procedures. The major result acquired from the performed research activities consists in both the measured temperature dependences and the sum of recommendations concerning the correct approach to be adopted in the measurement of PZT ceramics at a wide range of temperatures and with minimum error.

关键词： PZT ceramics Curie temperature Acoustic emission Material coefficients Temperature dependence

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Sensors for evaluation of thermodynamical model of pMA

Sensors for evaluation of thermodynamical model of pMA

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International Conference on Sensing Technology, ICST

作者： Lukas Kopecny Ludek Zalud Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of Technology Brno Czech Republic Department of Control and Instrumentation Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication BUT Brno Czech Republic

In this paper a mathematical model of Pneumatic Muscle Actuator (pMA) is developed and verified. The focus is put on thermodynamical behavior of pMA during charging and discharging process. Problems with selection of ... 详细信息

关键词： Muscles Mathematical model Temperature sensors Temperature measurement Actuators Equations

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An Effective Tool for the Tropical Cyclones Monitoring

An Effective Tool for the Tropical Cyclones Monitoring

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International Conference on control systems and Computer Science (CSCS)

作者： C. Nitu Alexandru Dumitrascu V.F. Krapivin V.Yu. Soldatov C.A. Varotsos A.P. Cracknell Automatic Control and System Engineering Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers UPB Bucharest Romania Romania Automatic Control and System Engineering Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers UPB Bucharest Romania Faculty of Physics Department of Applied Physics Laboratory of Upper Air University of Athens Athens Greece Department of Applied Physics Laboratory of Upper Air Athens Greece Electronics Russian Academe of Sciences Kotelnokov's Institute of Radioengineering Russian Federation Department of Applied Physics and Electronic Engineering University of Dundee Dundee UK

ISBN: (纸本)9781467361408

It has been recently suggested that concrete processes occurring on the Sun (e.g. sunspots) significantly affect the tropical cyclogenesis. Despite this finding the current understanding of the processes that generate tropical cyclones is still limited. We herewith present a new complex monitoring tool for the collection and storage of relevant environmental information to solve the problem of the tropical cyclone prediction. More specifically, a three-level methodology for making decisions on the dynamical evolution of the ocean-atmosphere system is suggested. This methodology is based on a recently proposed environmental instability indicator and the use of sequential analysis process within which a stage of training is established, when all boundaries are located. Effectiveness of this methodology is assessed by examination of several examples of tropical hurricanes. More specifically, it is demonstrated how this tool can be employed to monitor the tropical hurricanes, like Katrina (2005), Irene (2011) and Isaac (2012).

关键词： Hurricanes Tropical cyclones Monitoring Meteorology Sequential analysis Algorithm design and analysis Satellites

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Stabilisation of low voltage distribution networks with renewable energy sources

Stabilisation of low voltage distribution networks with rene...

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12th IFAC Conference on Programmable Devices and Embedded systems, PDeS 2013

作者： Bradáč, Z. Zezulka, F. Marcoň, P. Szabó, Z. Stibor, Karel CEITEC Brno University of Technology Technická 12 616 00 Brno Czech Republic CVVOZE Brno University of Technology Technická 12 616 00 Brno Czech Republic Brno University of Technology Department of Control and Instrumentation Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication Technicka 3082/12 Brno 616 00 Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823533

Recent development in the area of renewable energy sources (RES) shows, that situation in countries supporting a great growth of RES, particularly photovoltaic, leads to big problems. Modelling studies show that in a very near future there will be a big surplus of electrical energy production in networks of NN (low voltage networks). It would evoke necessity to transfer energy into higher voltage networks. However it will not be possible while protection systems of high voltage networks are developed for the opposite flow of energy. Contribution deals with possible solution of stability of NN distribution networks by means of smart metering - smart grid system. Proposal of electronic instrumentation of measurement and control is presented in the contribution. © IFAC.

关键词： Renewable energy resources

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Design and implementation a microcontroller based high power ultrasonic dispersion system with self frequency adjusting property

Design and implementation a microcontroller based high power...

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International Conference on Power engineering, Energy and Electrical Drives, POWERENG

作者： Javad Abbaszadeh Esmaeil Najafiaghdam Herlina Abdul Rahim Ruzairi Abdul Rahim Sahar Sarafi Abubakar Suleiman Control and Instrumentation Engineering Department FKE Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia Electronic Department and Faculty of Electrical Engineering Sahand university of Technology Tabriz Iran Electronic Department FKE Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Malaysia

In This paper a novel ultrasonic dispersion system for the cleaning application or dispersing of particles which are mixed in liquid, has been proposed. The frequency band of designed system is 28 kHz so that the frequency of ultrasonic wave sweeps from 20 kHz to 30 kHz with 100 Hz steps. Transferring a maximum and optimum energy of ultrasonic wave to the liquid conveyor with high efficiency during total usage time is remarkable superiority of designed and manufactured system compares with other similar available systems in markets. High power ultrasonic transducers with the nominal maximum power 110 watt are applied as the ultrasonic wave generator. To increase the efficiency of system and transmitting the maximum energy to the liquid tank, the frequency of system should set on the resonance frequency of transducer. control section is implemented in system for realtime monitoring and adjusting the frequency of system. Hall Effect current sensor is used as the current sampling component and controlling program is implemented on AVR microcontrollers. The manufactured ultrasonic dispersion system is consisted of 4 high power ultrasonic transducer result in 450 watt ultrasonic energy, effectively.

关键词： Resonant frequency Acoustics MOSFET Transducers Ultrasonic transducers Microcontrollers Liquids

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