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A Pipelining Loop Optimization Method for Dataflow Architecture

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2018年第1期33卷 116-130页

作者： Xu Tan Xiao-Chun Ye Xiao-Wei Shen Yuan-Chao Xu Da Wang Lunkai Zhang Wen-Ming Li Dong-Rui Fan Zhi-Min Tang State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Computer and Control Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 1000J9 China State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing Wuxi 214125 China College of Information Engineering Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China Department of Computer Science The University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 U.S.A.

With the coming of exascale supercomputing era, power efficiency has become the most important obstacle to build an exascale system. Dataflow architecture has native advantage in achieving high power efficiency for scientific applications. However, the state-of-the-art dataflow architectures fail to exploit high parallelism for loop processing. To address this issue, we propose a pipelining loop optimization method （PLO）, which makes iterations in loops flow in the processing element （PE） array of dataflow accelerator. This method consists of two techniques, architecture-assisted hardware iteration and instruction-assisted software iteration. In hardware iteration execution model, an on-chip loop controller is designed to generate loop indexes, reducing the complexity of computing kernel and laying a good f（mndation for pipelining execution. In software iteration execution model, additional loop instructions are presented to solve the iteration dependency problem. Via these two techniques, the average number of instructions ready to execute per cycle is increased to keep floating-point unit busy. Simulation results show that our proposed method outperforms static and dynamic loop execution model in floating-point efficiency by 2.45x and 1.1x on average, respectively, while the hardware cost of these two techniques is acceptable.

关键词： dataflow model control-flow model loop optimization exascale computing scientific application

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Community-based heat adaptation interventions for improving heat literacy, behaviours, and health outcomes: a systematic review

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The Lancet Planetary Health 2025年

作者： Johar, Hamimatunnisa Abdulsalam, Fatima Ibrahim Guo, Yuming Baernighausen, Till Jahan, Nowrozy Kamar Watterson, Jessica Leder, Karin Gouwanda, Darwin Letchuman Ramanathan, G.R. Lee, Kenneth Kwing Chin Mohamed, Norlen Zakaria, Thahirahtul Asma' Barteit, Sandra Su, Tin Tin Heidelberg Institute of Global Health Faculty of Medicine University of Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany South East Asia Community Observatory Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences Monash University Malaysia Subang Jaya Malaysia Climate Air Quality Research Unit School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia Action Lab Department of Human-Centred Computing Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Unit School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Melbourne VIC Australia School of Engineering Monash University Malaysia Subang Jaya Selangor Malaysia Clinical School Johor Bahru Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences Monash University Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences Monash University Malaysia Selangor Subang Jaya Malaysia Environmental Health Unit Disease Control Division Ministry of Health Malaysia Putrajaya Malaysia

Anthropogenic climate change, resulting in a continuous rise of global temperature, has detrimental effects on human health, particularly among vulnerable populations, such as individuals with low income, older adults, and people with pre-existing health conditions. To reduce the heat-related health consequences, effective interventions targeting community members, especially vulnerable populations, are paramount. This systematic review aims to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of community-based heat adaptation behavioural interventions aimed at improving heat literacy, promoting adaptive behaviours, and enhancing health outcomes amid rising global temperatures. In this systematic review, peer-reviewed English-language articles focused on community-based heat adaptation intervention studies published in PubMed, MEDLINE via Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science from database inception to Jan 1, 2024, were retrieved and reported according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The quality of the articles was evaluated with the use of a mixed-methods appraisal tool. The analysis synthesised intervention effectiveness across multiple outcome domains measurable at both individual and household levels, identified key factors influencing successful implementation, and highlighted areas for future research. The initial search yielded 1266 articles, of which ten were finally included. The majority of the included studies (n=7) were from high-income countries. Most intervention modules focused on preventive measures during heat exposure, whereas only a few addressed information on disease mechanisms, risk factors, and monitoring environmental changes. Although most studies reported significant improvements in heat literacy and a reduction in heat-related symptoms, the evidence for behavioural changes and health outcomes was mixed. Our review reveals methodological shortcomings, as none of the included studies incorporated heat literacy frameworks, behavioural theory

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The role of asymptomatic individuals in the COVID-19 pandemic via complex networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Stella, Leonardo Martínez, Alejandro Pinel Bauso, Dario Colaneri, Patrizio Department of Computing College of Science & Engineering University of Derby Kedleston Road DE22 1GB United Kingdom Jan C. Willems Center for Systems and Control ENTEG Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Groningen Netherlands Dipartimento di Ingegneria University of Palermo Italy Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione Politecnico di Milano Italy

Background Recent seroprevalence studies have tried to estimate the real number of asymptomatic cases affected by COVID-19. It is of paramount importance to understand the impact of these infections in order to prevent a second wave. This study aims to model the interactions in the population by means of a complex network and to shed some light on the effectiveness of localised control measures in Italy in relation to the school opening in mid-September. Methods The formulation of an epidemiological predictive model is given: the advantage of using this model lies in that it discriminates between asymptomatic and symptomatic cases of COVID-19 as the interactions with these two categories of infected individuals are captured separately, allowing for a study on the impact of asymptomatic cases. This model is then extended to a structured nonhomogeneous version by means of the Watts-Strogatz complex network, which is adopted widely to model societal interactions as it holds the small world property. Finally, a case study on the situation in Italy is given: first the homogeneous model is used to compare the official data with the data of the recent seroprevalence study from Istat;second, in view of the return to school in mid-September, a study at regional level is conducted. Findings The proposed model captures an aspect of COVID-19 which is crucial in controlling the further spread of the contagion and in preventing a second wave: the interactions with undetected cases who have therefore not been isolated, mostly asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic, namely 1-2 symptoms without anosmia or ageusia, and their impact on latent infections. The evolution of the pandemic is well captured by model fitting with official data from the Protezione Civile, both at a national level as well as regional level. The case study provides insight on the potential effects of localised restrictions, without the coordination at a national level. The results of this study highlight the importanc

关键词： Complex networks

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A review of smartphones based indoor positioning: challenges and applications

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Nguyen, Khuong An Luo, Zhiyuan Li, Guang Watkins, Chris School of Computing Engineering and Maths University of Brighton BrightonBN2 4AT United Kingdom Computer Science Department Royal Holloway University of London SurreyTW20 0EX United Kingdom Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China

The continual proliferation of mobile devices has encouraged much effort in using the smartphones for indoor positioning. This article is dedicated to review the most recent and interesting smartphones based indoor navigation systems, ranging from electromagnetic to inertia to visible light ones, with an emphasis on their unique challenges and potential real-world applications. A taxonomy of smartphones sensors will be introduced, which serves as the basis to categorise different positioning systems for reviewing. A set of criteria to be used for the evaluation purpose will be devised. For each sensor category, the most recent, interesting and practical systems will be examined, with detailed discussion on the open research questions for the academics, and the practicality for the potential clients. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Smartphones

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Sensor attack correction for linear systems with known inputs

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018年第23期51卷 206-211页

作者： Tang, Zhanghan Kuijper, Margreta Chong, Michelle Mareels, Iven Leckie, Christopher School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Melbourne Australia Department of Automatic Control KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden IBM Research Australia Australia School of Computing and Information Systems University of Melbourne Australia

We address the problem of attack detection and attack correction for multi-input multi-output discrete-time linear time-invariant systems under sensor attacks. More specifically, we consider the situation that a system with known input is corrupted by additive adversarial attack signals on some of the system's outputs. In this paper, we use system representation in a behavioural approach, which allows for natural and compact statements regarding linear system security. We extend our earlier results for systems with zero inputs to systems with non-zero inputs. We assume that these non-zero inputs are known. © 2018

关键词： Linear systems Error correction Invariance MIMO systems Time varying control systems Attack detection Behavioural approach Discrete time linear time invariant systems Multi input multi output System representation System security

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Satellites of the Broucke-Hadjidemetriou-Hénon family of periodic unequal-mass three-body orbits

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Li, Xiaoming Liao, Shijun MOE Key Laboratory of Disaster Forecast and Control in Engineering School of Mechanics and Construction Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou510632 China Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai200240 China Center of Advanced Computing School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai200240 China

The Broucke-Hadjidemetriou-Hénon’s (BHH) orbits are a family of periodic orbits of the three-body system with the simplest topological free group word a, while the BHH satellites have free group words ak (k > 1), where k is the topological exponent. Janković and Dmitrašinović [Phy. Rev. Lett. 116, 064301 (2016)] reported 57 new BHH satellites with equal mass and found that at a fixed energy the relationship between the angular momentum (L) and the topologically rescaled period (T/k) is the same for both of the BHH orbits (k = 1) and the BHH satellites (k > 1). In this letter, we report 419,743 new BHH orbits (k = 1) and 179,253 new BHH satellites (k > 1) of the three-body system with unequal mass, which have never been reported, to the best of our knowledge. Among these newly-found 598,996 BBH orbits and satellites, about 33.5% (i.e., 200,686) are linearly stable and thus many among them might be observed in practice. Besides, we discover that, for the three-body system with unequal mass at a fixed energy, relationship between the angular momentum (L) and topologically rescaled period (T/k) of the BHH satellites (k > 1) is different from that of the BHH orbits (k = 1). Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Satellites

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Periodic satellite orbits of the Broucke-Hadjidemetriou-Hénon family of three-body system with unequal masses

Research Square

引用

Research Square 2020年

作者： Li, Xiaoming Liao, Shijun Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States MOE Key Laboratory of Disaster Forecast and Control in Engineering School of Mechanics and Construction Engineering Jinan University Guangzhou510632 China School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai200240 China Center of Advanced Computing School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai200240 China

Triple systems are common and key objects in astronomy. The three-body problem has received much more attention in recent years1–3. All observed periodic triple stars systems4–6 belong to the Broucke-Hadjidemetriou-Hénon’s (BHH) family7–9. The BHH orbits are a family of periodic orbits of the three-body system with the simplest topological free group word10 a, while Janković and Dmitrašinović 1 gained 58 equal-mass BHH satellite orbits which have free group words ak (k > 1), where k is the topological exponent. However, the BHH satellite orbits with equal mass is lack of realistic meaning because they do not exist in practice. Here we present 419743 new BHH orbits and 179253 new BHH satellites (k > 1) for three-body system with unequal mass. Especially, 48761 among the 179253 new BHH satellites are stable and have unequal masses. It suggests that these 48761 stable BHH satellites could be found by the observation. Besides, for the three-body system with equal mass at a fixed energy, it was demonstrated that the relationship between the angular momentum (L) and topological scaled period (T/k) of the BHH satellites is the same as that of the BHH orbits1. However, we found that this does not hold for the three-body system with unequal mass. Our findings have broad impact for the astrophysical scenario: they could inspire the theoretical and observational study of the triple system, the formation of triple stars11, the gravitational waves pattern12 and the gravitational waves observation13 of the triple system. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Satellites

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End to End Multitask Joint Learning Model for Osteoporosis Classification in CT Images

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Computational intelligence and neuroscience 2023年第1期2023卷 3018320页

作者： Kun Zhang Pengcheng Lin Jing Pan Peixia Xu Xuechen Qiu Danny Crookes Liang Hua Lin Wang School of Electrical Engineering Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226001 China. Nantong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Intelligent Computing Nantong Jiangsu 226001 China. Nantong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine Innovation and Transformation Nantong Jiangsu 226001 China. Department of Radiology Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University Nantong Jiangsu 226001 China. College of Mechanical Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China. School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN UK.

Osteoporosis is a significant global health concern that can be difficult to detect early due to a lack of symptoms. At present, the examination of osteoporosis depends mainly on methods containing dual-energyX-ray, quantitative CT, etc., which are high costs in terms of equipment and human time. Therefore, a more efficient and economical method is urgently needed for diagnosing osteoporosis. With the development of deep learning, automatic diagnosis models for various diseases have been proposed. However, the establishment of these models generally requires images with only lesion areas, and annotating the lesion areas is time-consuming. To address this challenge, we propose a joint learning framework for osteoporosis diagnosis that combines localization, segmentation, and classification to enhance diagnostic accuracy. Our method includes a boundary heat map regression branch for thinning segmentation and a gated convolution module for adjusting context features in the classification module. We also integrate segmentation and classification features and propose a feature fusion module to adjust the weight of different levels of vertebrae. We trained our model on a self-built dataset and achieved an overall accuracy rate of 93.3% for the three label categories (normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis) in the testing datasets. The area under the curve for the normal category is 0.973; for the osteopenia category, it is 0.965; and for the osteoporosis category, it is 0.985. Our method provides a promising alternative for the diagnosis of osteoporosis at present.

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Fast ORB-SLAM without Keypoint Descriptors

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Fu, Qiang Yu, Hongshan Wang, Xiaolong Yang, Zhengeng He, Yong Zhang, Hong Mian, Ajmal The National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan University China The Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Canada Quanzhou Institute of Industrial Design and Machine Intelligence Innovation Hunan University China The Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China The School of Mathematics and Information Science Shaanxi Normal University China The Department of Computer Science The University of Western Australia WA6009 Australia

Indirect methods for visual SLAM are gaining popularity due to their robustness to environmental variations. ORB-SLAM2 [1] is a benchmark method in this domain, however, it consumes significant time for computing descriptors that never get reused unless a frame is selected as a keyframe. To overcome these problems, we present FastORB-SLAM which is light-weight and efficient as it tracks keypoints between adjacent frames without computing descriptors. To achieve this, a two stage descriptor-independent keypoint matching method is proposed based on sparse optical flow. In the first stage, we predict initial keypoint correspondences via a simple but effective motion model and then robustly establish the correspondences via pyramid-based sparse optical flow tracking. In the second stage, we leverage the constraints of the motion smoothness and epipolar geometry to refine the correspondences. In particular, our method computes descriptors only for keyframes. We test FastORB-SLAM on TUM and ICL-NUIM RGB-D datasets and compare its accuracy and efficiency to nine existing RGB-D SLAM methods. Qualitative and quantitative results show that our method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy and is about twice as fast as the ORB-SLAM2. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical flows

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Randomised benchmarking for characterizing and forecasting correlated processes

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Xinfang Wu, Zhihao White, Gregory A.L. Xiang, Zhongcheng Hu, Shun Peng, Zhihui Liu, Yong Zheng, Dongning Fu, Xiang Huang, Anqi Poletti, Dario Modi, Kavan Wu, Junjie Deng, Mingtang Guo, Chu Institute for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University VIC3800 Australia Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems Freie Universität Berlin Berlin14195 Germany Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications Hunan Normal University Changsha410081 China Science Mathematics and Technology Cluster and Engineering Product Development Pillar Singapore University of Technology and Design 8 Somapah Road 487372 Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 117543 Singapore MajuLab CNRS-UNS-NUS-NTU International Joint Research Unit UMI 3654 Singapore Quantum for NSW Sydney2000 Australia

The development of fault-tolerant quantum processors relies on the ability to control noise. A particularly insidious form of noise is temporally correlated or non-Markovian noise. By combining randomized benchmarking with supervised machine learning algorithms, we develop a method to learn the details of temporally correlated noise. In particular, we can learn the time-independent evolution operator of system plus bath and this leads to (i) the ability to characterize the degree of non-Markovianity of the dynamics and (ii) the ability to predict the dynamics of the system even beyond the times we have used to train our model. We exemplify this by implementing our method on a superconducting quantum processor. Our experimental results show a drastic change between the Markovian and non-Markovian regimes for the learning accuracies. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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