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A 69MHz-Bandwidth 40V/μ s-Slew-Rate 3n V/√Hz-Noise 4.5 μ V-Offset Chopper Operational Amplifier

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 2024年第7期71卷 2977-2988页

作者： Koolivand, Yarallah Rezaeiyan, Yasser Zamani, Milad Akbari, Meysam Shoaei, Omid Tang, Kea-Tiong Moradi, Farshad Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering Tehran16317-14191 Iran Aarhus University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus8000 Denmark University of Kurdistan Department of Engineering Sanandaj66177-15177 Iran University of Tehran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran*** Iran National Tsing Hua University Faculty of Electrical Engineering Hsinchu300044 Taiwan

This paper presents a chopper-stabilized three-stage operational amplifier (OpAmp) with a unity gain bandwidth of 69 MHz and an input referred noise density of 3 nV√Hz. The proposed design achieves a stable unity gain by proposing a new pole and zero scheme with very low power consumption, drawing only 3.3 mA from a 1.8 V power supply while driving a load capacitor as large as 100pF. To achieve rail-to-rail input swing, the design uses both NMOS and PMOS differential pairs at the input and biases them in the subthreshold region to provide an identical net trans-conductance over the rail-to-rail input common mode. Furthermore, an adaptive biasing is employed and the current sources are kept ON during large signal transitions at the input, thus eliminating crossover distortion and providing a high slew rate of 40 V/μs at a 100 pF load capacitor. The design employs chopping at 2.5 MHz and is enhanced with a local ripple reduction loop, making the OpAmp suitable for high gain and wide bandwidth applications with less filtering required. The design also reduces the input bias current significantly from 500 nA to 1.5 nA by buffering the input and applying it to the modified bootstrap switches. The proposed OpAmp, fabricated in a 0.18μm CMOS process, exhibits a maximum offset of 4.5μV , a flicker noise corner frequency of 246 Hz, a DC gain of 146 dB, a power supply rejection ratio of 123 dB, and a common mode rejection ratio of 116 dB. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Operational amplifiers

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A comprehensive analysis of real-time video anomaly detection methods for human and vehicular movement

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第10期84卷 7519-7564页

作者： Pathirannahalage, Iroshan Jayasooriya, Vidura Samarabandu, Jagath Subasinghe, Akila Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Sri Jayewardenepura Gangodawila Nugegoda10250 Sri Lanka Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Western University LondonONN6A 3K7 Canada

The ubiquitous integration of computer vision technologies has revolutionised various application domains, ranging from agriculture and transportation to healthcare and the military. In this context, real-time anomaly detection in video streams has emerged as a critical facet, particularly concerning the movement of vehicles and humans. Despite the increasing adoption of these technologies in real-life applications, a conspicuous research gap exists, the necessity for robust validation of benchmarked datasets and state-of-the-art methods before deployment in real-time settings. This paper addresses this gap through a holistic approach to extensively review the real-time video anomaly detection literature in Human and Vehicular Movement applications. Specifically, we examine the various architectures used for real-time video anomaly detection and provide a detailed analysis of their performance on benchmarked datasets. Furthermore, we delve into the multifaceted challenges encountered when identifying anomalies across different categories, encompassing issues related to computational resources, noise interference, frame complexity, data sparsity, diversity, ethical considerations and their combinations. We address these challenges by proposing potential future trends in anomaly detection, including the development of more sophisticated datasets, exploration of hybrid architectural models, integration of multi-camera systems, advancement in open-set action recognition algorithms, model development for cutting-edge process automation systems, harnessing the potential of IoT, leveraging edge computing, and incorporating drone technologies into anomaly detection strategies. This paper aims to illuminate the direction of real-time anomaly detection for future research in vehicular and human movement. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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An electrical Impedance Imaging System Towards Edge Intelligence for Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 883-896页

作者： Abolfazl Roshanpanah Mahdi Abbasi Hani Attar Ayman Amer Mohammad R.Khosravi Ahmed A.Solyman Department of Electrical Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityScience and Research BranceTehran ***Iran Department of Computer Engineering Bu-Ali Sina UniversityHamedan ***Iran Department of Energy Engineering Zarqa UniversityZarqa 13110Jordan Department of Computer Engineering Persian Gulf UniversityBushehr ***Iran Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureNişantaşıUniversityIstanbul 34398Turkey

In the construction industry,to prevent accidents,non-destructive tests are necessary and *** impedance tomography is a new technology in non-invasive imaging in which the image of the inner part of conductive bodies is reconstructed by the arrays of external electrodes that are connected on the periphery of the *** equipment is cheap,fast,and edge *** this imaging method,the image of electrical conductivity distribution(or its opposite;electrical impedance)of the internal parts of the target object is *** image reconstruction process is performed by injecting a precise electric current to the peripheral boundaries of the object,measuring the peripheral voltages induced from it and processing the collected *** an electrical impedance tomography system,the voltages measured in the peripheral boundaries have a non-linear equation with the electrical conductivity *** paper presents a cheap electrical Impedance Tomography(EIT)instrument for detecting impurities in the concrete.A voltage-controlled current source,a micro-controller,a set of multiplexers,a set of electrodes,and a personal computer constitute the structure of the *** conducted tests on concrete with impurities show that the designed EIT system can reveal impurities with a good accuracy in a reasonable time.

关键词： non-destructive testing system concrete electrical impedance tomography

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Selection of Wind Turbine Systems for the Sultanate of Oman

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computer Systems Science & engineering 2023年第4期45卷 343-359页

作者： M.A.A.Younis Anas Quteishat Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sohar UniversitySultanate of Oman Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering TechnologyAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAl-SaltJordan

The Sultanate of Oman has been dealing with a severe renewable energy issue for the past few decades,and the government has struggled to find a *** addition,Oman’s strategy for converting power generation to sources of renewable energy includes a goal of 60 percent of national energy demands being met by renewables by 2040,including solar and wind ***,the use of small-scale energy from wind devices has been on the rise in recent *** upward trend is attributed to advancements in wind turbine technology,which have lowered the cost of energy from *** calculate the internal and external factors that affect the small-scale energy of wind technologies,the study used a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process technique for order of preference by similarity to an ideal *** a result,in the decision model,four criteria,seventeen sub-criteria,and three resources of renewable energy were calculated as options from the viewpoint of the Sultanate of *** research is based on an examination of statistics on energy produced by wind turbines at various locations in the Sultanate of ***,six distinct miniature wind turbines were investigated for four different *** outcomes of this study indicate that the tiny wind turbine has a lot of potential in the Sultanate of Oman for applications such as homes,schools,college campuses,irrigation,greenhouses,communities,and small *** government should also use renewable energy resources to help with the renewable energy issue and make sure that the country has enough renewable energy for its long-term growth.

关键词： Multi criteria decision making model fuzzy theory fuzzy sets renewable energy wind turbine supplier selection

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A novel on–off linear quadratic regulator control approach for satellite rendezvous

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Aerospace Systems 2023年第4期6卷 613-620页

作者： Rouzegar, Hossein Ghanbarisabagh, Mohammad Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Semnan University Semnan Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch Tehran Iran

In this paper, a novel on–off linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control for satellite rendezvous as an example of linear systems with on–off inputs has been proposed for the first time. It simultaneously benefits from unique potentials of LQR control method and the extensive applications of systems with on–off inputs in various areas. The on–off LQR control approach has been applied on the system of orbital rendezvous and docking of satellites equipped with thrusters which are appropriate samples of systems with on–off inputs. Because of the energy consumption significance in many practical applications, the proposed approach is designed to consume less energy as well. Simulation results show the energy consumption of the presented method has been reduced about 36% compared to the continuous LQR approach. © 2023, Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

关键词： Satellites

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Multi-objective aircraft landing problem: a multi-population solution based on non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II

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Journal of Supercomputing 2024年第17期80卷 25283-25314页

作者： Shirini, Kimia Aghdasi, Hadi S. Saeedvand, Saeed Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan Normal University

The aircraft landing problem (ALP) is a challenging scheduling and optimization problem in the industry and engineering, which has attracted attention in recent decades. Existing research has predominantly concentrated on optimizing aircraft delay and the financial implications of early or late landings. However, given the paramount significance of airport fuel costs at airports and the critical need for efficient fuel utilization, we aim to minimize airplane fuel consumption by streamlining operational time. In this paper, we present an innovative model with two main objectives: minimizing airplane fuel consumption by reducing dwell time and minimizing cost operation. To address these dual objectives concurrently, we propose a new method known as the multi populations of multiple objectives (MPMO) framework, which is modeled through a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) called MPNSGA-II. First, MPNSGA-II employs two separate populations to optimize each objective. Second, to prevent populations from fixating solely on their respective single objectives, MPNSGA-II introduces an archive sharing strategy (ASS). This technique stores elite solutions gathered from two populations. Additionally, we introduce an archive update strategy (AUS) to enhance the quality of solutions stored in the archive. The proposed algorithm has been compared with other well-known algorithms, NSGA-II, multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO), and NSGA-III. The proposed algorithm shows a cost reduction in 18.01%, 16.75%, and 15.21%. Statistical precision, underscored through the application of the nonparametric Friedman test, corroborates the supremacy of the proposed method, clinching the highest ranking compared to state-of-the-art methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Aircraft landing problem Multi-objective optimization Multiple populations NSGA-II

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Optimizing UPVC profile production using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system

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International Journal of Information Technology (Singapore) 2024年 1-18页

作者： Naghipour, Avaz Salehpour, Arash Iranag, Behnam Safiri Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran

This paper explores the implementation of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System to optimize Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride profile production. Given the intrinsic complexities of polymer extrusion, such as maintaining consistent quality amidst varying raw material properties and environmental conditions, traditional control methods like Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers often need to catch up in adapting to non-linear production environments. This study proposes an ANFIS-based control system that leverages the adaptability of neural networks and the human-like reasoning of fuzzy logic to address these challenges effectively. The system uses real-world data from expert operators to refine its control parameters, ensuring accurate regulation of critical variables such as extrusion temperature, feed material composition, and ambient conditions. By testing the system against traditional control methods, the research demonstrates significant improvements in quality control, efficiency, and waste reduction. The ANFIS system’s adaptability allows it to minimize errors and adjust dynamically to variations in production conditions, outperforming traditional PID systems in maintaining consistent quality. Furthermore, the study outlines the implications of this research for intelligent manufacturing within Industry 4.0 frameworks, highlighting how ANFIS can integrate seamlessly with existing manufacturing systems to optimize production. This paper ultimately contributes to the growing literature advocating for intelligent control systems in polymer extrusion. It underscores their potential to transform manufacturing efficiency and quality in Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride production. © Bharati Vidyapeeth's Institute of computer Applications and Management 2024.

关键词： Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) Fuzzy logic controller Manufacturing optimization Neural networks Polymer extrusion process UPVC profile production

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New Antenna Array Beamforming Techniques Based on Hybrid Convolution/Genetic Algorithm for 5G and Beyond Communications

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computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2749-2767页

作者： Shimaa M.Amer Ashraf A.M.Khalaf Amr H.Hussein Salman A.Alqahtani Mostafa H.Dahshan Hossam M.Kassem Electronics and Communications Engineering Department Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyKafr ElsheikhEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHorus University EgyptNew DamiettaEgypt Department of Computer Engineering College of computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia School of Computing Mathematics and EngineeringCharles Sturt UniversityBathurstNSW2795Australia

Side lobe level reduction(SLL)of antenna arrays significantly enhances the signal-to-interference ratio and improves the quality of service(QOS)in recent and future wireless communication systems starting from 5G up to ***,it improves the array gain and directivity,increasing the detection range and angular resolution of radar *** study proposes two highly efficient SLL reduction *** techniques are based on the hybridization between either the single convolution or the double convolution algorithms and the genetic algorithm(GA)to develop the Conv/GA andDConv/GA,*** convolution process determines the element’s excitations while the GA optimizes the element *** M elements linear antenna array(LAA),the convolution of the excitation coefficients vector by itself provides a new vector of excitations of length N=(2M−1).This new vector is divided into three different sets of excitations including the odd excitations,even excitations,and middle excitations of lengths M,M−1,andM,*** the same element spacing as the original LAA is used,it is noticed that the odd and even excitations provide a much lower SLL than that of the LAA but with amuch wider half-power beamwidth(HPBW).While the middle excitations give the same HPBWas the original LAA with a relatively higher *** the increased HPBWof the odd and even excitations,the element spacing is optimized using the ***,the synthesized arrays have the same HPBW as the original LAA with a two-fold reduction in the ***,for extreme SLL reduction,the DConv/GA is *** this technique,the same procedure of the aforementioned Conv/GA technique is performed on the resultant even and odd excitation *** provides a relatively wider HPBWthan the original LAA with about quad-fold reduction in the SLL.

关键词： Array synthesis convolution process genetic algorithm(GA) half power beamwidth(HPBW) linear antenna array(LAA) side lobe level(SLL) quality of service(QOS)

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Reliable Phase Selection Method for Transmission Systems Based on Relative Angles Between Sequence Voltages

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第5期12卷 1431-1444页

作者： Abdallah A.Aboelnaga Maher A.Azzouz the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineer ing University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4Canada Electrical Power and Machines Department Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairo 11566Egypt the Electrical Engineering Department Qatar UniversityDohaQatar

Fault currents emanating from inverter-based resources(IBRs)are controlled to follow specific references to support the power grid during ***,these fault currents differ from the typical fault currents fed by synchronous generators,resulting in an improper operation of conventional phase selection methods(PSMs).In this paper,the relative angles between sequence voltages measured at the relay location are determined analytically in two stages:(1)a short-circuit analysis is performed at the fault location to determine the relative angles between sequence voltages;and(2)an analysis of the impact of transmission line on the phase difference between the sequence voltages of relay and fault is conducted for different IBR ***,new PSM zones based on relative angles between sequence voltages are devised to facilitate accurate PSM regardless of the fault currents,resistances,or locations of *** time-domain simulations confirm the accuracy of the proposed PSM with different fault locations,resistances,types,and currents.

关键词： Fault resilience fault type identification phase selection method inverter-based resource control function renewable energy source sequence voltage

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Physical-layer security for primary users in 5G underlay cognitive radio system via artificial-noise-aided by secondary users

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2024年第9期46卷 702-714页

作者： Al-Rjoob, Ayat M. Ababnah, Ahmad A. Al-Mistarihi, Mamoun F. Darabkh, Khalid A. Electrical and Communication Engineering Department German-Jordanian University and Technology Amman Jordan Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan Computer Engineering Department School of Engineering The University of Jordan Amman Jordan

The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized connectivity by interconnecting a vast array of devices, underscoring the critical need for robust data security, particularly at the Physical Layer Security (PLS). Ensuring data confidentiality and integrity during wireless communications poses a primary challenge in IoT environments. Additionally, within the constrained frequency bands available, Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) has emerged as an urgent necessity to optimize spectrum utilization. This technology enables intelligent management of radio frequencies, enhancing network efficiency and adaptability to dynamic environmental changes. In this research, we focus on examining the PLS for the primary channel within the underlying CRNs. Our proposed model involves a primary source-destination pair and a secondary transmitter-receiver pair sharing the same frequency band simultaneously. In the presence of a common eavesdropper, the primary concern lies in securing the primary link communication. The secondary user (SU) acts as cooperative jamming, strategically allocating a portion of its transmission power to transmit artificial interference, thus confusing the eavesdropper and protecting the primary user's (PU) communication. The transmit power of the SU is regulated by the maximum interference power tolerated by the primary network's receiver. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed protocol, we develop closed-form mathematical expressions for intercept probability ((Formula presented.)) and outage probability (OP) along the primary communication link. Additionally, we derive mathematical expressions for OP along the secondary communications network. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of transmit power allocation on intercept and outage probabilities across various links. Through both simulation and theoretical analysis, our protocol aims to enhance protection and outage efficiency for the primary link while ensuring appropriate secondary

关键词： Cognitive radio

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