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Ethereum smart contract security research:survey and future research opportunities

Frontiers of computer Science 2021年第2期15卷 143-160页

作者： Zeli WANG Hai JIN Weiqi DAI Kim-Kwang Raymond CHOO Deqing ZOU National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System LabClusters and Grid Computing LabHubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data SecurityWuhan430074China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute Shenzhen518057China Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249-0631USA

Blockchain has recently emerged as a research trend,with potential applications in a broad range of industries and *** particular successful Blockchain technology is smart contract,which is widely used in commercial settings(e.g.,high value financial transactions).This,however,has security implications due to the potential to financially benefit from a security incident(e.g.,identification and exploitation of a vulnerability in the smart contract or its implementation).Among,Ethereum is the most active and ***,in this paper,we systematically review existing research efforts on Ethereum smart contract security,published between 2015 and ***,we focus on how smart contracts can be maliciously exploited and targeted,such as security issues of contract program model,vulnerabilities in the program and safety consideration introduced by program execution *** also identify potential research opportunities and future research agenda.

关键词： smart contract security blockchain vulnerability unreliable data

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Brief Announcement: Agent-Based Leader Election, MST, and Beyond 38

Brief Announcement: Agent-Based Leader Election, MST, and Be...

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38th International Symposium on Distributed Computing, DISC 2024

作者： Kshemkalyani, Ajay D. Kumar, Manish Molla, Anisur Rahaman Sharma, Gokarna Department of Computer Science University of Illinois ChicagoIL United States Department of Computer Science Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras India R. C. Bose Centre for Cryptology and Security Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India Department of Computer Science Kent State University OH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783959773522

Leader election is one of the fundamental and well-studied problems in distributed computing. In this paper, we initiate the study of leader election using mobile agents. Suppose n agents are positioned initially arbitrarily on the nodes of an arbitrary, anonymous, n-node, m-edge graph G. The agents relocate themselves autonomously on the nodes of G and elect an agent as a leader such that the leader agent knows it is a leader and the other agents know they are not leaders. The objective is to minimize time and memory requirements. Following the literature, we consider the synchronous setting in which each agent performs its operations synchronously with others and hence the time complexity can be measured in rounds. The quest in this paper is to provide solutions without agents knowing any graph parameter, such as n, a priori. We first establish that, without agents knowing any graph parameter a priori, there exists a deterministic algorithm to elect an agent as a leader in O(m) rounds with O(n log n) bits at each agent. Using this leader election result, we develop a deterministic algorithm for agents to construct a minimum spanning tree of G in O(m + n log n) rounds using O(n log n) bits memory at each agent, without agents knowing any graph parameter a priori. Finally, using the same leader election result, we provide improved time/memory results for other fundamental distributed graph problems, namely, gathering, maximal independent set, and minimal dominating sets, removing the assumptions on agents knowing graph parameters a priori. © Ajay D. Kshemkalyani, Manish Kumar, Anisur Rahaman Molla, and Gokarna Sharma.

关键词： Trees (mathematics)

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Enhanced Deep Learning Approaches for Robust Darknet Traffic Classification

Enhanced Deep Learning Approaches for Robust Darknet Traffic...

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Delhi Section Conference (DELCON), IEEE

作者： Felix Etyang Pramod Pavithran Gideon Mwendwa Ngaira Mandela Musiime Hillary Department of Computer Science School of Engineering Cochin University of Science & Technology Cochin India School of Cyber Security and Digital Forensics National Forensics Sciences University Gandhinagar India School of Cyber Security and Digital Forensics National Forensics Sciences University Jinja Uganda

ISBN: (数字)9798331518592

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518608

The classification of darknet traffic remains a pivotal task in modern cybersecurity efforts, necessitating advanced analytical techniques to address malicious activities pre-emptively. This study introduces and compares the efficacy of several deep learning models for classifying darknet traffic, including a Feedforward Neural Network (FFNN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, and a novel deep learning model designed to enhance classification performance. Utilizing the CIC-Darknet2020 dataset, we implement a comprehensive evaluation using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score metrics. The results reveal that the proposed model surpasses traditional architectures, significantly improving classification accuracy and reliability, thereby contributing valuable insights to cybersecurity.

关键词： Deep learning Measurement Analytical models Adaptation models Dark Web Accuracy Telecommunication traffic Convolutional neural networks computer security Long short term memory

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NFCEraser: A security Threat of NFC Message Modification Caused by Quartz Crystal Oscillator

NFCEraser: A Security Threat of NFC Message Modification Cau...

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IEEE Symposium on security and Privacy

作者： Jianshuo Liu Hong Li Mengjie Sun Haining Wang Hui Wen Zhi Li Limin Sun Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech

ISBN: (数字)9798350331301

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331318

Near Field Communication (NFC) has been widely used for rapid data exchange between electronic devices over a very short distance. In this paper, we reveal a new security vulnerability in NFC passive communication channels where transferred data can be modified in real-time. The security threat of data modification posed by this vulnerability is called NFCEraser. Exploiting electromagnetic interference (EMI), NFCEraser injects signals into the crystal oscillator’s electrode and adjusts the amplitude of carrier signals in NFC communication channels. By manipulating the parameters of EMI signals, NFCEraser is able to arbitrarily flip the bits in data payload sent from an NFC peer device, which may cause serious security outcomes. To assess the severity of NFCEraser, we examine six NFC modules under NFC-A/B communication modes and successfully perform reading operations under a variety of data lengths. The experimental results show that NFCEraser can modify data bits in response frames from NFC peer devices with the maximum 89% accuracy, under around 0.21μs latency. Our analysis further shows that NFCEraser can maintain an attack success rate of no less than 85% in environments with typical levels of electromagnetic noise.

关键词： Electrodes Privacy Electromagnetic interference Near field communication Communication channels Real-time systems Quartz crystals

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Advancing Train Safety Through Autonomous IoT based Obstacle Detection and Response

Advancing Train Safety Through Autonomous IoT based Obstacle...

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Innovations and Challenges in Emerging Technologies (ICICET), International Conference on

作者： Harikumar Naidu Harshita Chourasia Praveen Kumar Mannepalli Pankaj Ramtekkar Department of Electrical Engineering GH Raisoni College of Engineering Nagpur India Department of Artifical Intelligence GH Raisoni College of Engineering Nagpur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security) GH Raisoni Institute of Engineering and Technology Nagpur India

ISBN: (数字)9798350319019

ISBN: (纸本)9798350319026

This study presents an advanced obstacle detection system designed to improve train operating safety. A microprocessor serves as the system’s central processing unit, coordinating the integration of an LCD, a buzzer, and ultrasonic and infrared (IR) sensors. The main goal is to create a complete system that guarantees prompt and precise obstacle identification along the train’s route, reducing the likelihood of collisions and enhancing rail safety in general. The microcontroller supervises the smooth integration of data from several sensors, functioning as the system’s brain. By detecting obstructions in the train’s path with sound waves, an ultrasonic sensor is used to measure distances. Concurrently, an infrared sensor improves the detection skills, especially when objects have shiny surfaces. By fusing data from these sensors, the system achieves a robust and reliable obstacle detection mechanism adaptable to various environmental conditions. The LCD display serves as the user interface, providing real-time visual feedback to the train operator regarding the proximity and nature of detected obstacles. This immediate presentation enhances situational awareness, enabling swift decision-making. Complementing the visual interface, a buzzer is integrated to deliver audible alerts, ensuring that the operator is promptly notified of potential hazards. The system is designed with a focus on compatibility, making it suitable for integration with existing train control systems. The incorporation of a microcontroller enables sophisticated data processing, allowing for intelligent decision algorithms and adaptability to diverse operating conditions, research represents a significant contribution to the field of rail safety, addressing the crucial need for a comprehensive obstacle detection system, which is an input to the R& D research scholars and Industrial Experts.

关键词： Rails Visualization Microcontrollers Sensor systems Acoustics Liquid crystal displays Real-time systems

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Differential Region-Based Segmentation Method for Brain Tumor Detection using Computed Tomography Images

Differential Region-Based Segmentation Method for Brain Tumo...

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IEEE International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN)

作者： G. Balamurugan R. Kaviarasan R. Kalaiyarasan Department of Computing Technologies SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Campus Chengalpattu TamilNadu India Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Cyber Security) RGM College of Engineering and Technology Nandyal India Department of ECE Sri Manakula Vinayagar Engineering College Puducherry

ISBN: (数字)9798331510022

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510039

Brain malignant growth detection is eased using medical images and machine learning paradigms. This article introduces a differential region-based segmentation method to improve brain tumor detection precision from computerized tomography inputs. The proposed method relies on neural networks for different region detection and segmentation. The neural network is trained using the different connecting regional conditions. Based on the learning iterations the region matching conditions are verified to ensure maximum segments are identified. Thus this proposed method improves accuracy and precision by 15.48% and 12.59% for the different features.

关键词： Training Image segmentation Accuracy Computed tomography Brain tumors Machine learning Feature extraction Biological neural networks Cancer Biomedical imaging

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A Resilient Voice-Based Speaker Identification Approach Using Deep Learning 8

A Resilient Voice-Based Speaker Identification Approach Usin...

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8th Competitive Advantage in the Digital Economy, CADE 2022

作者： Alsaify, Baha A. Abu Arja, Hadeel S. Maayah, Bakal Y. Al-Taweel, Masa M. Alazrai, Rami Department of Network Engineering and Security Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan German Jordanian University Department of Computer Engineering Amman Jordan

ISBN: (数字)9781839537424

ISBN: (纸本)9781839537998

Speaker recognition technology has achieved tremendous success over the years as it has become more affordable and reliable. Much research have been conducted in the speaker recognition area, but little progress has been made by the researchers. While deep learning surpassed most machine learning techniques, it has became widely used on the topics of speech technology and its new advanced solutions. In this work, we are proposing a resilient approach for speaker identification with middle-eastern accents. experiments have been carried out in the field of speaker recognition based on deep learning methods. The long short-term memory model was used with Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients. The deep neural network model was used with statistical features and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients. A spectrogram of each sample was generated as an input for the convolutive neural networks model. © 2022 IET Conference Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neural network models

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cyberbullying in Digital Era: History, Trends, Limitations, Recommended Solutions for Future

Cyberbullying in Digital Era: History, Trends, Limitations, ...

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2023 International Conference on computer Communication and Informatics, ICCCI 2023

作者： Nair, Meghna Manoj Fernandez, Terrance Frederick Tyagi, Amit Kumar Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai Campus Tamilnadu Chennai600127 India Saveetha School of Engineering Department of Information Security TN Chennai India National Institute of Fashion Technology New Delhi Department of Fashion Technology Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348217

The digital and virtual world has taken a toll on the lives of the vast majority of the population across the globe. Even though it has resulted in numerous technological advancements and has enhanced the scope of socialising and staying connected with people from different parts of the earth, it has a variety of drawbacks and negative aspects which seem to dwindle the affected person both physically and mentally. One such adversity is the reality of cyberbullying, which millions of people who extensively use digital platforms and social media are exposed to. cyberbullying is a very broad field of adversity and pressing concern in the twenty-first century, especially since it's the digital era. cyberbullying occurs in varied forms and affects people in numerous ways with different intensities. It includes cracking into an individual's profile, posting unnecessary comments to defame people, malicious use of social media platforms, etc. Techniques and algorithms to bring a halt to cyberbullying are one of the primary areas researchers and programmers need to focus on. In the earlier stages of the digital era, cyberbullying was considered to be an event of the occurrence of a mishap due to peer pressure. As virtual platforms evolved massively, cyberbullying has taken the spotlight resulting in the harassment of naive individuals. The fact that there's an absence of face-to-face confrontation has complemented the cruel aims and deeds of cyberbullies. cyberbullies have initiated the use of technology in the disguise of a weapon to humiliate and hamper the growth and success of people out there. Another trend that has been closely observed is the conversion transition and huge jump from physical bullying to cyberbullying wherein, social media and similar digital tenets which were meant to play a positive role in the lives of people started amplifying the negativities of virtual bullying. This chapter talks about how cyberbullying has evolved over the decades, the limitati

关键词： Social networking (online)

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Privacy engineering in the Wild: Understanding the Practitioners' Mindset, Organizational Aspects, and Current Practices

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IEEE Transactions on Software engineering 2023年第9期49卷 4324-4348页

作者： Iwaya, Leonardo Horn Babar, Muhammad Ali Rashid, Awais JoondalupWA6027 Australia Research Group Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Karlstad65188 Sweden The University of Adelaide Centre for Research on Engineering Software Technologies AdelaideSA5005 Australia University of Bristol Bristol Cyber Security Group REPHRAIN: National Research Centre on Privacy Harm Reduction and Adversarial Influence Online Department of Computer Science BristolBS8 1QU United Kingdom

Privacy engineering, as an emerging field of research and practice, comprises the technical capabilities and management processes needed to implement, deploy, and operate privacy features and controls in working systems. For that, software practitioners and other stakeholders in software companies need to work cooperatively toward building privacy-preserving businesses and engineering solutions. Significant research has been done to understand the software practitioners' perceptions of information privacy, but more emphasis should be given to the uptake of concrete privacy engineering components. This research delves into the software practitioners' perspectives and mindset, organizational aspects, and current practices on privacy and its engineering processes. A total of 30 practitioners from nine countries and backgrounds were interviewed, sharing their experiences and voicing their opinions on a broad range of privacy topics. The thematic analysis methodology was adopted to code the interview data qualitatively and construct a rich and nuanced thematic framework. As a result, we identified three critical interconnected themes that compose our thematic framework for privacy engineering 'in the wild': (1) personal privacy mindset and stance, categorised into practitioners' privacy knowledge, attitudes and behaviours;(2) organizational privacy aspects, such as decision-power and positive and negative examples of privacy climate;and, (3) privacy engineering practices, such as procedures and controls concretely used in the industry. Among the main findings, this study provides many insights about the state-of-the-practice of privacy engineering, pointing to a positive influence of privacy laws (e.g., EU General Data Protection Regulation) on practitioners' behaviours and organizations' cultures. Aspects such as organizational privacy culture and climate were also confirmed to have a powerful influence on the practitioners' privacy behaviours. A conducive environment f

关键词： Data privacy

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Self-Dual Cyclic Codes with Square-Root-Like Lower Bounds on Their Minimum Distances

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Hao Ding, Cunsheng The College of Information Science and Technology/Cyber Security Jinan University Guangdong Province Guangzhou510632 China The Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

Binary self-dual cyclic codes have been studied since the classical work of Sloane and Thompson published in IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 29, 1983. Twenty five years later, an infinite family of binary self-dual cyclic codes with lengths ni and minimum distances di ≥ 21 √ni + 2 was presented in a paper of IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 55, 2009. However, no infinite family of Euclidean self-dual binary cyclic codes whose minimum distances have the square-root lower bound and no infinite family of Euclidean self-dual nonbinary cyclic codes whose minimum distances have a lower bound better than the square-root lower bound are known in the literature. In this paper, an infinite family of Euclidean self-dual cyclic codes over the fields F2s with a square-root-like lower bound is constructed. An infinite subfamily of this family consists of self-dual binary cyclic codes with the square-root lower bound. Another infinite subfamily of this family consists of self-dual cyclic codes over the fields F2s with a lower bound better than the square-root bound for s ≥ 2. Consequently, two breakthroughs in coding theory are made in this paper. An infinite family of self-dual binary cyclic codes with a square-root-like lower bound is also presented in this paper. An infinite family of Hermitian self-dual cyclic codes over the fields F22s with a square-root-like lower bound and an infinite family of Euclidean self-dual linear codes over Fq with q ≡ 1 (mod 4) with a square-root-like lower bound are also constructed in this paper. © 2024, CC0.

关键词： Binary codes

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