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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Li, Xiaoqing Lu, Yu Ngiam, Kee Yuan Yu, Zichang Furqan, Mohammad Shaheryar Shenzhen Technology University College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen China Shenzhen University National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen China National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine Department of Surgery Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Accurate analysis of Fetal Heart Rate (FHR) signal is often impeded by challenges such as data scarcity and label imbalance, which affect the reliability and robustness of deep learning models. To address these challenges, this study introduces FHRDiff, a novel diffusion model conditioned on Phase-Rectified Signal Averaging (PRSA) spectrograms for the creation of synthetic FHR signals. Our model integrates time encoding, condition generation from PRSA spectrograms, and residual blocks with dilated convolutions to effectively manage temporal dynamics and long-range dependencies. Extensive qualitative and quantitative experiments on FHR signal synthesis demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of FHRDiff. Compared to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and image-based diffusion model, our method achieves the highest signal fidelity and distribution similarity, with key measures including 0.067 maximum mean deviation (MMD), 0.492 percent root mean square difference (PRD), 1.763 relative entropy (RE), and 0.160 Frechet distance (FD). Expert validation confirms the model's capacity to accurately generate data for normal and abnormal FHR signals based on the paired condition. In addition, an ablation study was conducted to highlight that the spectrogram paired condition can guide the diffusion model to produce synthetics FHR signals with greater diversity compared to unconditional models. The results emphasize diffusion models' potential for broad application in biomedical time series analysis, such as generation, imputation and noise removal. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Heart

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Automatic Early Detection of Tomato Blight Disease Using Deep Neural Networks 4

Automatic Early Detection of Tomato Blight Disease Using Dee...

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4th International Conference on Technological Advancements in Computational Sciences, ICTACS 2024

作者： Halder, Anangsha Neogi, Subhrendu Guha Dutta, Shibdas Chandra, Soumallya Chandra Majumdar, Pritha Guha Sarkar, Akash The Neotia University Department of Computer Science and Engineering West Bengal Sarisha India Brainware University Department of Computer Science and Engineering West Bengal Kolkata India Dcg Data-Core System India Pvt. Ltd West Bengal Kolkata India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387490

Crop disease control is crucial for food security since plant illnesses diminish agricultural production. Crop productivity and quality depend on leaf diseases like tomatoes. Early plant disease identification utilizing computer vision and artificial intelligence can lessen disease severity and overcome the limitations of continuous human monitoring. Automatic Early detection and alert systems reduce disease and boost agricultural productivity by classifying tomato diseases from tomato leaf images using Deep Neural Network Models. Our study examined leaf photos to classify tomato diseases and healthy plants using AlexNet, ResNet-9, VGG-19, and a modified CNN model for tomato plant disease diagnosis using deep neural network architectures. The proposed CNN analyses images to identify edges, colours, and textures. The suggested model can recognize healthy and diseased tomato leaves with 98% accuracy, making it a valuable crop management tool that promotes sustainable agriculture and global food security. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fruits

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Machine Learning for Signal Demodulation in Underwater Wireless Optical Communications

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 297-313页

作者： Ma Shuai Yang Lei Ding Wanying Li Hang Zhang Zhongdan Xu Jing Li Zongyan Xu Gang Li Shiyin Department of Strategic and Advanced Interdisciplinary Research Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhen 518055China School of Information and Control Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Data-driven Intelligent Information System Laboratory Shenzhen Research Institute of Big DataShenzhen 518172China Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan 316021China State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

The underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC)system has gradually become essential to underwater wireless communication *** other existing works on UWOC systems,this paper evaluates the proposed machine learningbased signal demodulation methods through the selfbuilt experimental *** on such a platform,we first construct a real signal dataset with ten modulation ***,we propose a deep belief network(DBN)-based demodulator for feature extraction and multi-class feature *** also design an adaptive boosting(Ada Boost)demodulator as an alternative scheme without feature filtering for multiple modulated ***,it is demonstrated by extensive experimental results that the Ada Boost demodulator significantly outperforms the other *** also reveals that the demodulator accuracy decreases as the modulation order increases for a fixed received optical power.A higher-order modulation may achieve a higher effective transmission rate when the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)is higher.

关键词： AdaBoost DBN machine learning signal demodulation

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Detection of DDOS Attacks in Cloud Environment Using Deep Learning

Detection of DDOS Attacks in Cloud Environment Using Deep Le...

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2023 International Conference on system, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2023

作者： Shanmuganathan, S. Charumathi, R. Vijayakumari, V. Gayathri, C. Ragupathi, T. Madhan, K. Mailam Engineering College Department of CSE mailam India Er.Perumal Manimekalai College of Engineering Department of CSE Hosur India The Kavery Engineering College Department of CSE Tamilnadu India Government College of Technology Department of CSE Coimbatore India Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Data Science and Business System Tamilnadu Kattankulathur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315127

The rapid evolution of cloud computing and the increasing reliance on Software -Defined Networking (SDN) have introduced new challenges in ensuring the security and availability of cloud based services. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, in particular, pose a significant threat to the stability and performance of cloud infrastructures. As network traffic patterns continue to increase and evolve, it is crucial to extract pertinent features that aid in identifying attacks and improving the accuracy of detection. Therefore, effective detection mechanisms are crucial to identify and mitigate DDoS attacks in SDN-based cloud environments. This study presents a novel approach that combines Decision Tree with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) for effective DDoS detection in cloud infrastructures. The model is evaluated using the 2019 dataset. The simulation findings validateits efficacy and show that it improves upon existing works in terms of accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Reveal training performance mystery between Tensor Flow and PyTorch in the single GPU environment

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第1期65卷 147-163页

作者： Hulin DAI Xuan PENG Xuanhua SHI Ligang HE Qian XIONG Hai JIN National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Service Computing Technology and System LabSchool of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science University of Warwick

Deep learning has gained tremendous success in various fields while training deep neural networks(DNNs) is very compute-intensive, which results in numerous deep learning frameworks that aim to offer better usability and higher performance to deep learning practitioners. Tensor Flow and Py Torch are the two most popular frameworks. Tensor Flow is more promising within the industry context, while Py Torch is more appealing in academia. However, these two frameworks differ much owing to the opposite design philosophy:static vs dynamic computation graph. Tensor Flow is regarded as being more performance-friendly as it has more opportunities to perform optimizations with the full view of the computation graph. However, there are also claims that Py Torch is faster than Tensor Flow sometimes, which confuses the end-users on the choice between them. In this paper, we carry out the analytical and experimental analysis to unravel the mystery of comparison in training speed on single-GPU between Tensor Flow and Py Torch. To ensure that our investigation is as comprehensive as possible, we carefully select seven popular neural networks, which cover computer vision, speech recognition, and natural language processing(NLP). The contributions of this work are two-fold. First, we conduct the detailed benchmarking experiments on Tensor Flow and Py Torch and analyze the reasons for their performance difference. This work provides the guidance for the end-users to choose between these two frameworks. Second, we identify some key factors that affect the performance,which can direct the end-users to write their models more efficiently.

关键词： deep learning performance comparison TensorFlow PyTorch

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Analysis and Optimization of Servo Antenna Equipment Based on Finite Element Method 4

Analysis and Optimization of Servo Antenna Equipment Based o...

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4th International Conference on Mechatronics Technology and Intelligent Manufacturing, ICMTIM 2023

作者： Hou, Yunlei Zhang, Yong Geng, Dongliang Tianjin Zhongwei Aerospace Data System Technology Co. Ltd. Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Department Tian Jin China Co. Ltd Passenger Car Test Research Department Tian Jin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314434

The deceleration curve of vehicle emergency braking conditions during equipment transportation was collected, and the structural strength and stiffness of the servo equipment were analyzed and optimized. The finite element analysis results indicate that in the case of emergency braking of transportation vehicles, the base part of the servo equipment is prone to plastic deformation, and the structure needs to be optimized and strengthened. Based on engineering experience, modifications have been made to the servo equipment base. Simulation was conducted on the improved structure, and the results showed that some optimized servo base structures met the design requirements for stiffness and strength. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Finite element method

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An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Approach for Force Estimation from Surface-EMG sing the Element Description Method 32

An Explainable Artificial Intelligence Approach for Force Es...

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32nd IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, ISIE 2023

作者： Sodenaga, Daiki Takeuchi, Issei Silva, Daswin De Katsura, Seiichiro Keio University Department of System Design Engineering Yokohama Japan Abstech Co. Ltd. Saitama Japan La Trobe University Research Centre for Data Analytics and Cognition Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350399714

In recent years, the need for technological advancement has been increasing because of the declining birthrate and aging populations. Motion copying is one such technical development that can effectively reproduce human motion. However, the challenges of conventional motion-copying systems include the lack of operability and loss of touch sensation at the abstraction phase. Then, we focused on the force estimation by surface-EMG for abstracting force information. In this paper, we address this challenge by developing an explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) approach that can estimate force using surface-EMG and uses element description method to interpret and identify the components contributing towards that estimation. We evaluated the proposed XAI method across several real-world experiments that confirm its value and contribution towards innovations in motion-copying system. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Structuring a Model to Estimate Human Joint Motion from Surface-Electromyography 50

Structuring a Model to Estimate Human Joint Motion from Surf...

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50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2024

作者： Sodenaga, Daiki Shikata, Kosuke Takeuchi, Issei De Silva, Daswin Katsura, Seiichiro Department of System Design Engineering Keio University Yokohama Japan Abstech.Co. Ltd. Saitama Japan Research Center for Data Analytics and Cognition La Trobe University Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464543

In this paper, the structure of a model to estimate human motion from surface-electromyography (sEMG) was defined mathematically and physically. Especially, an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter and an element description method were focused to generate the model in this paper. Human motion can be estimated from sEMG. However, the relationship between sEMG and human motion has a complex characteristics such as a non-linear relationship. The cause of the above complex relationship can be thought the muscle contraction velocity. Then, the IIR filter was applied to consider about the previous sEMG value in the estimation. In addition, some conventional models have been a black-box model and it is not easy to interpret the model mathematically and physically. From the above, an element description method (EDM) was applied to generate the model in this paper. EDM is one of the system identification method and it is easy to interpret the model mathematically and physically because EDM can generate the block diagram of the model. In this way, the proposed method could solve two conventional methods about the muscle contraction velocity and the black box model. Then, it was possible to define the structure of the model by the above in this paper. In this paper, the models about a wrist and a fingertip motion were generated and considered about the structure. As the results, the structure of models was defined with a hyperbolic tangent function. It will be possible to apply the model to various motions by just identifying the parameters about the relationship between each joint and muscle because the amount of muscles and range of sEMG are deferent from each muscle. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： IIR filters

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CDA-GNN: A Chain-driven Accelerator for Efficient Asynchronous Graph Neural Network 24

CDA-GNN: A Chain-driven Accelerator for Efficient Asynchrono...

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61st ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference, DAC 2024

作者： Yu, Hui Zhang, Yu He, Ligang He, Donghao Li, Qikun Zhao, Jin Liao, Xiaofei Jin, Hai Gu, Lin Liu, Haikun National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Service Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Department of Computer Science University of Warwick United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706011

Asynchronous Graph Neural Network (AGNN) has attracted much research attention because it enables faster convergence speed than the synchronous GNN. However, existing software/hardware solutions suffer from redundant computation overhead and excessive off-chip communications for AGNN due to irregular state propagations along the dependency chains between vertices. This paper proposes a chain-driven asynchronous accelerator, CDA-GNN, for efficient AGNN inference. Specifically, CDA-GNN proposes a chain-driven asynchronous execution approach into novel accelerator design to regularize the vertex state propagations for fewer redundant computations and off-chip communications and also designs a chain-aware data caching method to improve data locality for AGNN. We have implemented and evaluated CDA-GNN on a Xilinx Alveo U280 FPGA card. Compared with the cutting-edge software solutions (i.e., Dorylus and AMP) and hardware solutions (i.e., BlockGNN and FlowGNN), CDA-GNN improves the performance of AGNN inference by an average of 1,173x, 182.4x, 10.2x, and 7.9x and saves energy by 2,241x, 242.2x, 12.4x, and 8.9x, respectively. © 2024 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Sharing Economy in Local Energy Markets

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2023年第3期11卷 714-726页

作者： Zhaoyuan Wu Jianxiao Wang Haiwang Zhong Feng Gao Tianjiao Pu Chin-Woo Tan Xiupeng Chen Gengyin Li Huiru Zhao Ming Zhou Qing Xia School of Economics and Management North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Lab of Power Systems Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Industrial Engineering and Management College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing 100192China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94305USA Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen University of Groningen9742 AG Groningenthe Netherlands

With an increase in the electrification of end-use sectors,various resources on the demand side provide great flexibility potential for system operation,which also leads to problems such as the strong randomness of power consumption behavior,the low utilization rate of flexible resources,and difficulties in cost *** the core idea of“access over ownership”,the concept of the sharing economy has gained substantial popularity in the local energy market in recent ***,we provide an overview of the potential market design for the sharing economy in local energy markets(LEMs)and conduct a detailed review of research related to local energy sharing,enabling technologies,and potential *** paper can provide a useful reference and insights for the activation of demand-side flexibility ***,this paper can also provide novel insights into the development and further integration of the sharing economy in LEMs.

关键词： Energy sharing flexibility potential local energy market information and communication technology sharing economy

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