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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chen, Peter Xie, Yue Zhang, Qingpeng Department of Mathematics Columbia University New York United States HKU Musketeers Foundation Institute of Data Science Hong Kong HKU Shanghai Intelligent Computing Research Center Shanghai China

Optimal Transport (OT) theory seeks to determine the map T : X → Y that transports a source measure P to a target measure Q, minimizing the cost c(x, T(x)) between x and its image T(x). Building upon the Input Convex Neural Network OT solver (Makkuva et al., 2020;Amos et al., 2017) and incorporating the concept of displacement-sparse maps (Cuturi et al., 2023), we introduce a sparsity penalty into the minimax Wasserstein formulation, promote sparsity in displacement vectors ∆(x):= T(x) − x, and enhance the interpretability of the resulting map. However, increasing sparsity often reduces feasibility, causing T#(P) to deviate more significantly from the target measure. In low-dimensional settings, we propose a heuristic framework to balance the tradeoff between sparsity and feasibility by dynamically adjusting the sparsity intensity parameter during training. For high-dimensional settings, we directly constrain the dimensionality of displacement vectors by enforcing dim(∆(x)) ≤ l, where l d. Among maps satisfying this constraint, we aim to identify the most feasible one. This goal can be effectively achieved by adapting our low-dimensional heuristic framework without resorting to dimensionality reduction. We validate our method on both synthesized sc-RNA and real 4i cell perturbation datasets, demonstrating improvements over existing methods. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Dimensionality reduction

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Unveiling Hidden Water Resources: Deep Learning and Remote Sensing for Subsurface Hydrology for Environmental Health

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Remote Sensing in Earth systems sciences 2025年第2期8卷 352-364页

作者： Babu, Jampani Satish G, Dinesh Suganya, R. Radhakrishnan, P. Sutar, Anand S, Alex David Rao, L. Malleswara Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Guntur AP Vaddeswaram India Department of Computational Intelligence School of Computing SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur (KTR) Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Data Science) New Horizon College of Engineering Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of ECE Tagore Engineering College Chennai India Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering Navi Mumbai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R & d Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India Department of Physics Sri Y N College (A) West Godavari District Andhra Pradesh Narsapur India

Water scarcity in arid regions necessitates innovative solutions to uncover and manage subsurface water resources for environmental health. This study explores the potential of GeoHydroNet, a specialized deep learning framework, in identifying hidden water resources within arid regions. Utilizing remote sensing data such as multispectral and hyperspectral imagery, geological maps, and soil moisture datasets, GeoHydroNet combines graph neural Networks (GNNs), AutoEncoders, and generative adversarial networks (GANs) to address challenges in subsurface hydrology. The model achieved an accuracy of 93.5%, surpassing traditional models like CNNs (85.4%), LSTMs (88.1%), and RNNs (82.6%). GeoHydroNet demonstrates significant precision (0.88), recall (0.87), and sensitivity to data imbalance (0.91). Its physics-informed learning approach incorporates hydrological principles, ensuring realistic predictions. By analyzing subsurface water patterns, recharge zones, and geological influences, the model not only enhances prediction accuracy but also aids in sustainable groundwater management. GeoHydroNet’s performance in identifying groundwater levels, with minimal errors ranging from 0.62 to 3.07%, indicates its robustness in tackling water scarcity challenges in data-constrained environments. These findings highlight its transformative role in hydrological modeling and sustainable water resource management in arid regions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Aquifers Arid regions Deep learning Generative adversarial networks GeoHydroNet Physics-informed learning Remote sensing Subsurface hydrology Sustainable water management

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Satellite Image–Based Ecosystem Monitoring with Sustainable Agriculture Analysis Using Machine Learning Model

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Remote Sensing in Earth systems sciences 2024年第4期7卷 764-773页

作者： Mulakaledu, Ajjanna Swathi, Baswaraju Jadhav, Makarand Mohan Shukri, Shakeerah Mohd Bakka, Vinod Jangir, Pradeep Department of English Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation AP Vaddeswaram India Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Data Science) New Horizon College of Engineering Bengaluru India Department of Electronics and Telecommunication NBN Sinhgad Technical Institutes Campus Pune 411041 India Management and Science University Selangor Shah Alam Malaysia Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation AP Vaddeswaram India Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai 602 105 India Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan

Understanding the variations in soil fertility and crop growth across time and geography is crucial for understanding the agricultural environment. Satellite and unmanned aerial remote sensing are the two main types of remote sensing methods used in agroecosystem monitoring. Through the collection of remote sensing photos, it is able to monitor as well as control agro-ecosystem environment in real-time. Spatial choice constraints are lessened by high-decision satellites, and satellite imagery processing is improved by use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning methods, which enables computerised crop identification, disease diagnosis, and yield calculation. This research proposes novel technique in satellite image–based sustainable agriculture analysis with ecosystem monitoring using machine learning techniques. Here, the input is collected as satellite image and processed for noise removal and normalisation. Then, this image feature has been selected for analysis of crop growth using Gaussian belief kernel component analysis and classified using recursive Bayes probabilistic vector neural networks. Experimental analysis has been carried out in terms of training accuracy, precision, sensitivity, F-1 score, and AUC for various satellite image dataset. Proposed technique attained precision of 94%, sensitivity of 96%, AUC of 93%, training accuracy of 97%, and F1-score of 95%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Crop Growth Analysis Ecosystem Monitoring Machine Learning Techniques Satellite Image Sustainable Agriculture Analysis

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Agricultural Water Conservation through AI-Enhanced Solar IoT Networks 3

Agricultural Water Conservation through AI-Enhanced Solar Io...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Maniraj, S.P. Monisha, J. Amutha, R. Kavitha, R. Shriidhar, P.J. Srinivasan, C. Srm Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Department of Data Science and Business Systems Kattankulathur Tamilnadu Chennai India Tamil Nadu Chennai India Ultra College of Engineering and Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu Madurai India Chennai Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India Vinayaka Missions Kirupananda Variyar Engineering College Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Salem India Saveetha Universityi Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

With the increasing water shortage and climatic uncertainty, creative strategies for effective water management in agriculture are necessary. This research investigates the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), with solar-powered Internet of Things (IoT) networks to enhance water utilization in agricultural activities. The proposed system facilitates accurate irrigation scheduling using real-time data from soil moisture sensors, meteorological stations, and crop health monitoring devices. The ANN model analyses this data to predict ideal irrigation schedules and volumes, minimizing water waste while improving crop yields. The solar-powered IoT framework provides sustainability and reduces dependence on traditional energy sources. Field trials indicate that the AI-enhanced system may promote water saving by as much as 30% relative to traditional irrigation techniques. Moreover, using AI enables adaptive learning, enabling the system to enhance its irrigation tactics using historical and real-time data. This novel method conserves water resources and fosters sustainable agriculture practices, coinciding with global initiatives to address water shortages and assure food security. The findings underscore the potential of technology-based solutions to revolutionize agricultural water management for a sustainable future. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Smart agriculture

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AI-Driven Mobile Healthcare: Societal Impact, Workforce Adaptation, and Enhanced Predictive Modeling for Diabetes Risk Assessment

AI-Driven Mobile Healthcare: Societal Impact, Workforce Adap...

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2025 International Conference on Pervasive Computational Technologies, ICPCT 2025

作者： Hole, Shreyas Rajendra Kolluru, Vinothkumar Gangul, Ranita Kolekar, Sagar Chintakunta, Advaitha Naidu Mungara, Sudeep Bangalore India Institute of Technology Department of Data Science Stevens HobokenNJ07030 United States Delaware State University Computer Science & Engineering Bangalore India Department of Civil Engineering Pune India University of North Carolina at Charlotte Department of Computer Science CharlotteNC28223 United States Masters in Information Systems Stevens Institute of Technology HobokenNJ07030 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508685

With advancements in artificial intelligence, it is natural for the health industry to focus on IOT devices. AI could promote a paradigm shift in how doctors and patients interact through immediate updates, predictive features, and remote access. The focus of this study is the outreach and employment aspects revolving around AI-enabled health care, with special attention to mHealth solutions. We searched through published data and came across 112 relevant studies identifying keywords such as accessibility, empowerment, and workforce. One of the most interesting findings was the fact that AI targeting mobile applications has the possibility of increasing access to health services by approximately 60 percent for rural areas, as well as increasing the patient cooperative rate by approximately 45%, where a predictive health tracking device has been utilized. We proposed two new measures: the Physical Activity and Nutrition Index (PANI) and Health Status Index (HSI), allowing for better diabetes risk predictions with a 0.82 AUC-ROC and better generalizability than traditional baselines, with an improvement of 12%. When identifying the best available ML models, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, and Bayesian Neural Networks, we found that the hybrid Random Forest + Linear SVC model had the best performance with recall and accuracy of 0.77 and 0.72, respectively. The ability of the model to demonstrate both interpretability and specificity was evident. It was also observed that synthetic data augmentation (SMOTE) increased the recall for minority class predictions by 18% but did not reduce specificity. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Risk assessment

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Advancements in Environmental data Analysis for Climate-Resilient Agriculture Using Remote Sensing and Deep Learning

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Remote Sensing in Earth systems sciences 2024年第4期7卷 670-680页

作者： Nirmal, Khyati R. Reddy, Chilukala Mahender P, Jose Tulasi, Rajesh Maheswari, G. Uma Sapthami, I. SNJB’S Late Sau KBJ CoE Maharashtra Nashik India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science GITAM Deemed to Be University Hyderabad India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & amp D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Avadi India Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation A.P Vaddeswaram Guntur Dist. India Department of Computer Science and Engineering RMK College of Engineering and Technology Chennai Pudhuvoyal India Department of Computer Science and Engineering MLR Institute of Technology Hyderabad India

Weather significantly influences agricultural productivity. Plant biotic and abiotic stressors are primarily induced by climate change, resulting in a detrimental effect on worldwide agricultural productivity. These two components are closely interconnected. This paper presents an innovative approach in smart agriculture for climate change combining remote sensing and a deep learning algorithm. The input is obtained as a multispectral environmental image and then subjected to noise reduction and normalisation processing. The image has been retrieved using a primary convolutional component with a stacked encoder model. The retrieved features are identified using ResNet graph reinforcement neural networks. The resulting classification output displays environmental imagery depicting climate variations. The agriculture sector has been analysed based on the classified climate analysis. The experimental results have been conducted on diverse farm datasets related to climate change, evaluating the detection accuracy, recall, mean average precision, normalized correlation, and F-1 score. The proposed method achieved a detection accuracy of 98%, a normalised correlation of 95%, a mean average precision of 92%, a recall of 97%, and an F-MEASURE of 94%. Machine learning can assist in monitoring and predicting the impact of climate change on food security, as indicated by the findings. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Climate change Deep learning model Remote sensing Smart agriculture Stacked encoder model

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Hybrid Blockchain and IoT Driven Framework for Supply Chain Optimization by Enhancing Transparency, Efficiency and Cost Reduction 3

Hybrid Blockchain and IoT Driven Framework for Supply Chain ...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Pradeep Kumar, S. Basha, C.H. Hussaian Prasath, C. Arun Amirthayogam, G. Lathif, Syed Ismail Abdul Leelavathi, R. Rajalakshmi Engineering College Computer Science Design Department Thandalam Chennai602105 India Sr University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Warangal506371 India Mahendra Engineering College Department of Ece Namakkal637503 India Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&d Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai600062 India Srm Institute of Science and Technology Department of Data Science and Business Systems Chennai603203 India Velalar College of Engineering and Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering Erode638012 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

Blockchain technology represents a modern supply chain management revolution which fixes operational challenges while providing enhanced transparency at reduced costs. The research develops HB-SCOF (Hybrid Blockchain-Enabled Supply Chain Optimization Framework) which combines blockchain self-verification databases with automatic smart contracts to maintain continuous supply chain observation and evaluate data credibility. The framework integrates tamper-proof transaction tracking mechanisms with unified supply chain network connectivity for securing data transmission as a trust delivery method through unbreakable shared databases. The retail-industry case study demonstrated a 25% decrease in expenses stemming from agency elimination alongside enhanced flow management and better stock distribution. The system demonstrates its effectiveness through assessments of key performance indicators including transaction speed and data accuracy together with business cost efficiency. This part looks at implementation methods through training stakeholders in addition to transforming organizational policies which produce successful outcomes. Blockchain technology labs verify its capability to enhance supply chain management efficiency while showing realistic deployment methods. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Smart contract

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Machine Learning and OpenCV: A Powerful Combination for Driver Drowsiness Detection

Machine Learning and OpenCV: A Powerful Combination for Driv...

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2024 International Conference on Communication, Computing and Internet of Things, IC3IoT 2024

作者： Siva Kumar, A. Gopirajan, P.V. Ramasamy, Jayaraj Jackson, Beulah School Of Computing Srm Institute Of Science And Technology Department Of Data Science And Business Systems Kattankulathur Chennai603203 India School Of Computing Srm Institute Of Science And Technology Department Of Computational Intelligence Kattankulathur Campus Chennai603203 India Botho University Faculty Of Engineering And Technology Department of IT Botswana Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute Of Science And Technology Department Of Electronics And Communication Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352689

Driver fatigue is a significant contributor to road accidents worldwide, and there is a need for efficient driver drowsiness detection systems to prevent such accidents. Computer vision techniques like OpenCV have recently been utilized to develop such strategies. This proposed work investigates the use of machine learning models and OpenCV Python package for driver drowsiness detection. The proposed system uses a camera to continuously capture the driver's face and applies image processing techniques to identify drowsiness. The system detects blinks by monitoring the driver's eyes and measuring the frequency and duration of eyelid closures. The real-time experiments conducted with the proposed method showed high accuracy in detecting drowsiness, and the system can be implemented in various settings, including cars and heavy vehicles. Ultimately, the system has some potential to reduce accidents caused by driver fatigue, thereby enhancing road safety. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Hybrid Approach of TabNet and Transformer-XGBoost for Predicting Traffic Flow in Smart Cities 1

Hybrid Approach of TabNet and Transformer-XGBoost for Predic...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Developments in Electrical engineering, SSDEE 2025

作者： Hole, Shreyas Rajendra Kolluru, Vinothkumar Salotagi, Shreekant Challagundla, Yagnesh Mungara, Sudeep Naik, Mude Nagarjuna Bangalore India Stevens Institute of Technology Department of Data Science HobokenNJ07030 United States Dayananda Sagar University Computer Science & Engineering Bangalore India Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering University of Florida Department of Computer Science GainesvilleFL32611 United States Stevens Institute of Technology Masters in Information Systems HobokenNJ07030 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542108

A smart city's transportation system can be en-hanced if there is an accurate prediction of the traffic flow which develops in an area as time goes on. This article investigates the relative accuracy of predicting traffic flow at target intersections in a city, taking advantage of two models: Tab Net and a hybrid Transformer-XGBoost. Several metrics including Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Coefficient of determination (R2 score) among others were employed to evaluate the models employed. A sequential deep learning model known as Tab Net triumphing in the competition with MSE, RMSE, and MAE being 34.48, 5.87, and 3.73 respectively, and R2 score as high as 0.917, although performing well while enhancing identification of features such as year and junction. On the other hand, while reporting similar R2 score as low as 0.184, the Transformer-XGBoost hybrid model had structuring limitations where complex interdependencies and time variations were involved recording MSE, RMSE and MAE as 338.52, 18.40 and 13.24 respectively. The graphs of residuals and QQ plots served to uncover that the hybrid model failed making a right prediction during high traffic volume days, as general tabnet results shown in the final graphs are more stable. Following investigation of the models in this study, the researchers suggest implementing TabNet as a better option for traffic management explaining its high accuracy and providing valuable guidance for cities. This would result in improvement of the traffic flow prediction, which is highly needed for effective urban mobility solutions. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Smart city

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Singe Image Dehazing using Deep Neural Networks 2

Singe Image Dehazing using Deep Neural Networks

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Applied Informatics, ACCAI 2023

作者： Doshi, Nisarg Bhavsar, Sagar Rajeswari, D. Srinivasan, R. College of Engineering and Technology Srm Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Department of Data Science and Business Systems Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur603203 India College of Engineering and Technology Srm Institute of Science and Technology School of Computing Department of Computing Technologies Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur603203 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315905

In dusty and hazzy circumstances, pictures caputured tend to be unclear. To tackle this challenge researchers have founded different image-dehazing approaches. Lately, high quality pictures which could be used to extract maximal data from autonomous systems are in great demand. In order to minimize the haze from the picture, this research study uses various deep learning (also known as DL) architectures to identify the information recovered and extract key details from the image. The research paper focuses on utilizing deep learning techniques to remove haze from clear *** first phase of the suggested architecture involves applying multiple pre-processing methods, including estimating the airlight, implementing contextual regularization and boundary constraints, as well as contrast enhancement techniques (CS, CLAHE, HE) and Image Fusion. The subsequent goal of this study is to pinpoint the optimal deep learning model that can produce clear images based on the resulting dehazed images. The quality of the dehazed images is evaluated by comparing them with clear images using metrics such as PSNR and SSIM. Experimental findings shows that Alex Net upon the implementation of pre-processing beats other state of the art techniques with regard to PSNR value and holds its own w.r.t SSIM values. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image fusion

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