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Mitochondrial DNA Part B 2017年第2期2卷 546-547页

作者： Juri Maeda Dai-Ichiro Kato Kazunari Arima Yuji Ito Atsushi Toyoda Hideki Noguchi Department of Chemistry and Biosciences Graduate School of Science and Engineering Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan Advanced Genomics Center National Institute of Genetics Mishima Japan Center for Genome Informatics Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research Research Organization of Information and Systems Mishima Japan

We will report the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Japanese firefly ‘Heike Botaru’,Luciola lateralis(Coleoptera: Lampyridae). Total length of this mitogenome was 16,719 bp and the composition of each base was A (42.50%), C (9.01%), G (14.16%), T (34.33%), respectively. The obtained sequence fulfils general mitogenome composition of metazoan (13 protein coding sequences (CDSs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA subunits, and an AT-rich region). From the phylogenetic tree analysis using 25 kinds of insect mitogenome including firefly family was found thatL. lateralisis the closest to the genusAquatica.

关键词： Luciola lateralis firefly Lampyridae mitochondrial genome Coleoptera

The complete mitogenome and phylogenetic analysis of Japanese firefly ‘Genji Botaru’Luciola cruciata(Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

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Mitochondrial DNA Part B 2017年第2期2卷 522-523页

作者： Juri Maeda Dai-ichiro Kato Kazunari Arima Yuji Ito Atsushi Toyoda Hideki Noguchi Department of Chemistry and Bioscience Graduate School of Science and Engineering Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan Advanced Genomics Center National Institute of Genetics Mishima Japan Center for Genome Informatics Joint Support-Center for Data Science Research Research Organization of Information and Systems Mishima Japan

We performed mitogenome analysis of Japanese fireflyLuciola cruciata(Coleoptera: Lampyridae), which is unique species in Japan. It is classified into six haplotypes based on the difference of COII sequence on mitochondrial DNA. The complete mitogenome sequence of Tohoku group has been registered so far, we newly analysed West Japan groups which belong to different haplotype. The total length of analysed mitogenome was 15,990 bp, being one base longer than the case of Tohoku’s firefly. The base substitution was found at 273 positions over the whole mitochondrial sequence, while amino acid substitution accompanying it was observed at only 11 positions.

关键词： Luciola cruciata firefly Lampyridae mitochondrial genome Coleoptera

Temporal inactivation enhances robustness in an evolving system

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Ogushi, Fumiko Kertész, János Kaski, Kimmo Shimada, Takashi Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study Kyoto University Yoshida Ushinomiya-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto606-8501 Japan Center for Materials research by Information Integration National Institute for Materials Science 1-2-1 Sengen Tsukuba Ibaraki305-0047 Japan Department of Network and Data Science Central European University Budapest1051 Hungary Institute of Physics Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest1111 Hungary Department of Computer Science Aalto University School of Science P.O. Box 15500 Espoo Finland Alan Turing Institute British Library 96 Euston Road LondonNW1 2DB United Kingdom Mathematics and Informatics Center University of Tokyo Department of Systems Innovation Graduate School of Engineering University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan

We study the robustness of an evolving system that is driven by successive inclusions of new elements or constituents with m random interactions to older ones. Each constitutive element in the model stays either active or is temporarily inactivated depending upon the influence of the other active elements. If the time spent by an element in the inactivated state reaches TW, it gets extinct. The phase diagram of this dynamic model as a function of m and TW is investigated by numerical and analytical methods and as a result both growing (robust) as well as non-growing (volatile) phases are identified. It is also found that larger time limit TW enhances the system's robustness against the inclusion of new elements, mainly due to the system's increased ability to reject "falling-together" type attacks. Our results suggest that the ability of an element to survive in an unfavorable situation for a while, either as a minority or in a dormant state, could improve the robustness of the entire system. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Numerical methods

An online-learning approach to inverse optimization

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Bärmann, Andreas Martin, Alexander Pokutta, Sebastian Schneider, Oskar Lehrstuhl für Wirtschaftsmathematik Department Mathematik Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstraße 11 Erlangen91058 Germany Laboratory for Interactive Optimization and Learning School of Industrial & Systems Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Ferst Drive 755 NW AtlantaGA United States Gruppe Data Science and Optimization Fraunhofer Arbeitsgruppe für Supply-Chain Services SCS Fraunhofer Institut für Integrierte Schaltungen IIS Nordostpark 93 Nürnberg90411 Germany

In this paper, we demonstrate how to learn the objective function of a decision-maker while only observing the problem input data and the decision-maker's corresponding decisions over multiple rounds. Our approach is based on online learning and works for linear objectives over arbitrary feasible sets for which we have a linear optimization oracle. As such, it generalizes previous approaches based on KKT-system decomposition and dualization. The two exact algorithms we present - based on multiplicative weights updates and online gradient descent respectively - converge at a rate of O(1/√T) and thus allow taking decisions which are essentially as good as those of the observed decision-maker already after relatively few observations. We also discuss several useful generalizations, such as the approximate learning of non-linear objective functions and the case of suboptimal observations. Finally, we show the effectiveness and possible applications of our methods in a broad computational study.68Q32, 68T05, 90C90, 90C11 Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gradient methods

Comparison of Polarized Radiative Transfer Codes Used by the EHT Collaboration

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The Astrophysical Journal 2023年第1期950卷 35-35页

作者： Ben S. Prather Jason Dexter Monika Moscibrodzka Hung-Yi Pu Thomas Bronzwaer Jordy Davelaar Ziri Younsi Charles F. Gammie Roman Gold George N. Wong Kazunori Akiyama Antxon Alberdi Walter Alef Juan Carlos Algaba Richard Anantua Keiichi Asada Rebecca Azulay Uwe Bach Anne-Kathrin Baczko David Ball Mislav Baloković John Barrett Michi Bauböck Bradford A. Benson Dan Bintley Lindy Blackburn Raymond Blundell Katherine L. Bouman Geoffrey C. Bower Hope Boyce Michael Bremer Christiaan D. Brinkerink Roger Brissenden Silke Britzen Avery E. Broderick Dominique Broguiere Sandra Bustamante Do-Young Byun John E. Carlstrom Chiara Ceccobello Andrew Chael Chi-kwan Chan Dominic O. Chang Koushik Chatterjee Shami Chatterjee Ming-Tang Chen Yongjun Chen Xiaopeng Cheng Ilje Cho Pierre Christian Nicholas S. Conroy John E. Conway James M. Cordes Thomas M. Crawford Geoffrey B. Crew Alejandro Cruz-Osorio Yuzhu Cui Mariafelicia De Laurentis Roger Deane Jessica Dempsey Gregory Desvignes Vedant Dhruv Sheperd S. Doeleman Sean Dougal Sergio A. Dzib Ralph P. Eatough Razieh Emami Heino Falcke Joseph Farah Vincent L. Fish Ed Fomalont H. Alyson Ford Raquel Fraga-Encinas William T. Freeman Per Friberg Christian M. Fromm Antonio Fuentes Peter Galison Roberto García Olivier Gentaz Boris Georgiev Ciriaco Goddi Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz José L. Gómez Minfeng Gu Mark Gurwell Kazuhiro Hada Daryl Haggard Kari Haworth Michael H. Hecht Ronald Hesper Dirk Heumann Luis C. Ho Paul Ho Mareki Honma Chih-Wei L. Huang Lei Huang David H. Hughes Shiro Ikeda C. M. Violette Impellizzeri Makoto Inoue Sara Issaoun David J. James Buell T. Jannuzi Michael Janssen Britton Jeter Wu Jiang Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales Michael D. Johnson Svetlana Jorstad Abhishek V. Joshi Taehyun Jung Mansour Karami Ramesh Karuppusamy Tomohisa Kawashima Garrett K. Keating Mark Kettenis Dong-Jin Kim Jae-Young Kim Jongsoo Kim Junhan Kim Motoki Kino Jun Yi Koay Prashant Kocherlakota Yutaro Kofuji Shoko Koyama Carsten Kramer Michael Kramer Thomas P. Krichbaum Cheng-Yu Kuo Noemi La Bella Tod R. Lauer Daeyoung L CCS-2 Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663 Los Alamos NM 87545 USA bprather@lanl.gov JILA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec.4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Center of Astronomy and Gravitation National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec. 4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Astronomy and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University 550 W. 120th Street New York NY 10027 USA Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10010 USA Department of Astrophysics Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College London Holmbury St. Mary Dorking Surrey RH5 6NT UK Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany Department of Physics University of Illinois 1110 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1002 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA NCSA University of Illinois 1205 W. Clark Street Urbana IL 61801 USA CP3-Origins University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 DK-5230 Odense M Denmark School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study 1 Einstein Drive Princeton NJ 08540 USA Princeton Gravity Initiative Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road Westford MA 01886 USA National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osaw

Interpretation of resolved polarized images of black holes by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) requires predictions of the polarized emission observable by an Earth-based instrument for a particular model of the black hole accretion system. Such predictions are generated by general relativistic radiative transfer (GRRT) codes, which integrate the equations of polarized radiative transfer in curved spacetime. A selection of ray-tracing GRRT codes used within the EHT Collaboration is evaluated for accuracy and consistency in producing a selection of test images, demonstrating that the various methods and implementations of radiative transfer calculations are highly consistent. When imaging an analytic accretion model, we find that all codes produce images similar within a pixel-wise normalized mean squared error (NMSE) of 0.012 in the worst case. When imaging a snapshot from a cell-based magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we find all test images to be similar within NMSEs of 0.02, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.12 in Stokes I, Q, U, and V, respectively. We additionally find the values of several image metrics relevant to published EHT results to be in agreement to much better precision than measurement uncertainties.

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Different approaches to community detection

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Rosvall, Martin Delvenne, Jean-Charles Schaub, Michael T. Lambiotte, Renaud Integrated Science Lab Department of Physics Umeå University Umeå Sweden ICTEAM Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Institute for Data Systems and Society Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge United States Department of Engineering Science University of Oxford United Kingdom Mathematical Institute University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom

A precise definition of what constitutes a community in networks has remained elusive. Consequently, network scientists have compared community detection algorithms on benchmark networks with a particular form of community structure and classified them based on the mathematical techniques they employ. However, this comparison can be misleading because apparent similarities in their mathematical machinery can disguise different reasons for why we would want to employ community detection in the first place. Here we provide a focused review of these different motivations that underpin community detection. This problem-driven classification is useful in applied network science, where it is important to select an appropriate algorithm for the given purpose. Moreover, highlighting the different approaches to community detection also delineates the many lines of research and points out open directions and avenues for future research. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Population dynamics

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the International Space Station: Results from the First Two Years On Orbit

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1181卷

作者： Y Asaoka O Adriani Y Akaike K Asano M G Bagliesi E Berti G Bigongiari W R Binns S Bonechi M Bongi A Bruno P Brogi J H Buckley N Cannady G Castellini C Checchia M L Cherry G Collazuol V Di Felice K Ebisawa H Fuke T G Guzik T Hams N Hasebe K Hibino M Ichimura K Ioka W Ishizaki M H Israel K Kasahara J Kataoka R Kataoka Y Katayose C Kato N Kawanaka Y Kawakubo K Kohri H S Krawczynski J F Krizmanic T Lomtadze P Maestro P S Marrocchesi A M Messineo J W Mitchell S Miyake A A Moiseev K Mori M Mori N Mori H M Motz K Munakata H Murakami S Nakahira J Nishimura G A De Nolfo S Okuno J F Ormes S Ozawa L Pacini F Palma V Pal'shin P Papini A V Penacchioni B F Rauch S B Ricciarini K Sakai T Sakamoto M Sasaki Y Shimizu A Shiomi R Sparvoli P Spillantini F Stolzi S Sugita J E Suh A Sulaj I Takahashi M Takayanagi M Takita T Tamura N Tateyama T Terasawa H Tomida S Torii Y Tsunesada Y Uchihori S Ueno E Vannuccini J P Wefel K Yamaoka S Yanagita A Yoshida K Yoshida Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University Japan JEM Utilization Center Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Japan Department of Physics University of Florence Italy INFN Sezione di Florence Italy Department of Physics University of Maryland USA Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC USA Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo Japan Department of Physical Sciences Earth and Environment University of Siena Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa Italy Department of Physics Washington University USA Heliospheric Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University USA Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC) National Research Council (CNR) Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Italy University of Rome 'Tor Vergata' Italy INFN Sezione di Rome 'Tor Vergata' Italy Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Japan CRESST and Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC USA Kanagawa University Japan Faculty of Science and Technology Graduate School of Science and Technology Hirosaki University Japan Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Japan National Institute of Polar Research Japan Faculty of Engineering Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering Yokohama National University Japan Faculty of Science Shinshu University Japan Hakubi Center Kyoto University Japan Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Japan College of Science and Engineering Department of Physics and Mathematics Aoyama Gakuin University Japan High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Japan University of Pisa Italy Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering National Institute of Technology Ibaraki College Japan Department of Astronomy University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Physical Sciences Co

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is a high-energy astroparticle physics space experiment installed on the International Space Station (ISS), developed and operated by Japan in collaboration with Italy and the United States. The CALET mission goals include the investigation of possible nearby sources of high-energy electrons, of the details of galactic particle acceleration and propagation, and of potential signatures of dark matter. CALET measures the cosmic-ray electron+positron flux up to 20 TeV, gamma-rays up to 10 TeV, and nuclei with Z=1 to 40 up to 1, 000 TeV for the more abundant elements during a long-term observation aboard the ISS. Starting science operation in mid-October 2015, CALET performed continuous observation without major interruption with close to 20 million triggered events over 10 GeV per month. Based on the data taken during the first two-years, we present an overview of CALET observations: 1) Electron+positron energy spectrum, 2) Nuclei analysis, 3) Gamma-ray observation including a characterization of on-orbit performance. Results of the electromagnetic counterpart search for LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave events are discussed as well.

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Advances in understanding high-mass X-ray binaries with INTEGRAL and Future Directions

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Kretschmar, Peter Fürst, Felix Sidoli, Lara Bozzo, Enrico Alfonso-Garzón, Julia Bodaghee, Arash Chaty, Sylvain Chernyakova, Masha Ferrigno, Carlo Manousakis, Antonios Negueruela, Ignacio Postnov, Konstantin Paizis, Adamantia Reig, Pablo Rodes-Roca, José Joaquín Tsygankov, Sergey Bird, Antony J. né Kühnel, Matthias Bissinger Blay, Pere Caballero, Isabel Coe, Malcolm J. Domingo, Albert Doroshenko, Victor Ducci, Lorenzo Falanga, Maurizio Grebenev, Sergei A. Grinberg, Victoria Hemphill, Paul Kreykenbohm, Ingo née Fritz, Sonja Kreykenbohm Li, Jian Lutovinov, Alexander A. Martínez-Núñez, Silvia Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel Masetti, Nicola McBride, Vanessa A. Neronov, Andrii Pottschmidt, Katja Rodriguez, Jérôme Romano, Patrizia Rothschild, Richard E. Santangelo, Andrea Sguera, Vito Staubert, Rüdiger Tomsick, John A. Torrejón, José Miguel Torres, Diego F. Walter, Roland Wilms, Jörn Wilson-Hodge, Colleen A. Zhang, Shu E-28692 Spain E-28692 Spain INAF - IASF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica Via A. Corti 12 MilanoI-20133 Italy Department of Astronomy ISDC University of Geneva Chemin d'Ecogia 16 VersoixCH-1290 Switzerland E-28692 Spain Department of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy Georgia College and State University MilledgevilleGA31061 United States AIM CEA CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Université de Paris Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France Université de Paris CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie ParisF-75006 France School of Physical Sciences and CfAR Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies 31 Fitzwilliam Place Dublin 2 Ireland Department of Applied Physics & Astronomy University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Applied Physics University of Alicante AlicanteE-03080 Spain Sternberg Astronomical Institute Moscow State University Moscow119234 Russia Kazan Federal University Kazan Russia Institute of Astrophysics Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Heraklion Crete71110 Greece University of Crete Physics Department Institute of Theoretical & Computational Physics Heraklion Crete70013 Greece Department of Physics Systems Engineering and Signal Theory University of Alicante AlicanteE-03690 Spain University Institute of Physics Applied to Sciences and Technologies University of Alicante AlicanteE-03690 Spain Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Turku FI-20014 Finland Space Research Institute The Russian Academy of Sciences Profsoyuznaya Str. 84/32 Moscow117997 Russia School of Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Physical Sciences and Engineering University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom Erwin-Rommel-Strae 1 Erlangen91058 Germany Universidad Internacional de Valencia - VIU C/Pintor Sorolla 21 Valencia46002 Spain E-28692 Spain Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Universität Tübingen Sand 1 Tübingen

High mass X-ray binaries are among the brightest X-ray sources in the Milky Way, as well as in nearby Galaxies. Thanks to their highly variable emissions and complex phenomenology, they have attracted the interest of the high energy astrophysical community since the dawn of X-ray Astronomy. In more recent years, they have challenged our comprehension of physical processes in many more energy bands, ranging from the infrared to very high energies. In this review, we provide a broad but concise summary of the physical processes dominating the emission from high mass X-ray binaries across virtually the whole electromagnetic spectrum. These comprise the interaction of stellar winds with the high gravitational and magnetic fields of compact objects, the behaviour of matter under extreme magnetic and gravity conditions, and the perturbation of the massive star evolutionary processes by presence in a binary system. We highlight the role of the INTEGRAL mission in the discovery of many of the most interesting objects in the high mass X-ray binary class and its contribution in reviving the interest for these sources over the past two decades. We show how the INTEGRAL discoveries have not only contributed to significantly increase the number of high mass X-ray binaries known, thus advancing our understanding of the population as a whole, but also have opened new windows of investigation that stimulated the multi-wavelength approach nowadays common in most astrophysical research fields. We conclude the review by providing an overview of future facilities being planned from the X-ray to the very high energy domain that will hopefully help us in finding an answer to the many questions left open after more than 18 years of INTEGRAL scientific observations. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

Is the winner really the best? A critical analysis of common research practice in biomedical image analysis competitions

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Maier-Hein, Lena Eisenmann, Matthias Reinke, Annika Onogur, Sinan Stankovic, Marko Scholz, Patrick Arbel, Tal Bogunovic, Hrvoje Bradley, Andrew P. Carass, Aaron Carolin Feldmann Frangi, Alejandro F. Ful, Peter M. van Ginneken, Bram Hanbury, Allan Honauer, Katrin Kozubek, Michal Landman, Bennett A. Marz, Keno Maier, Oskar Maier-Hein, Klaus Menze, Bjoern H. Müller, Henning Neher, Peter F. Niessen, Wiro Rajpoot, Nasir Sharp, Gregory C. Sirinukunwattana, Korsuk Speidel, Stefanie Stock, Christian Stoyanov, Danail Taha, Abdel Aziz van der Sommen, Fons Wang, Ching-Wei Weber, Marc-André Zheng, Guoyan Jannin, Pierre Kopp-Schneider, Annette Heidelberg Germany Centre for Intelligent Machines McGill University MontrealQC Canada Christian Doppler Laboratory for Ophthalmic Image Analysis Department of Ophthalmology Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology BrisbaneQLD Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University Baltimore United States CISTIB Centre for Computational Imaging and Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Medical Image Analysis Radboud University Center Nijmegen Netherlands Institute of Information Systems Engineering TU Wien Vienna Austria Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Centre for Biomedical Image Analysis Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic Electrical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Institute of Medical Informatics Universität zu Lübeck Lübeck Germany Heidelberg Germany Institute for Advanced Studies Department of Informatics Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Information System Institute HES-SO Sierre Switzerland Departments of Radiology Nuclear Medicine and Medical Informatics Erasmus MC Rotterdam Netherlands Department of Computer Science University of Warwick Coventry United Kingdom Department of Radiation Oncology Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMA United States Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom National Center for Tumor Diseases Dresden Dresden Germany Heidelberg Germany Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom Data Science Studio Research Studios Austria FG Vienna Austria Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands AIExplore NTUST Center of Computer Vision and Medical Imaging Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Ta

International challenges have become the standard for validation of biomedical image analysis methods. Given their scientific impact, it is surprising that a critical analysis of common practices related to the organization of challenges has not yet been performed. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of biomedical image analysis challenges conducted up to now. We demonstrate the importance of challenges and show that the lack of quality control has critical consequences. First, reproducibility and interpretation of the results is often hampered as only a fraction of relevant information is typically provided. Second, the rank of an algorithm is generally not robust to a number of variables such as the test data used for validation, the ranking scheme applied and the observers that make the reference annotations. To overcome these problems, we recommend best practice guidelines and define open research questions to be addressed in the future. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quality control

Consistency guarantees for greedy permutation-based causal inference algorithms

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Solus, Liam Wang, Yuhao Uhler, Caroline Institutionen för Matematik KTH StockholmSE-100 44 Sweden Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute Shanghai China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Institute for Data Systems and Society Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

Directed acyclic graphical models, or DAG models, are widely used to represent complex causal systems. Since the basic task of learning such a model from data is NP-hard, a standard approach is greedy search over the space of directed acyclic graphs or Markov equivalence classes of directed acyclic graphs. As the space of directed acyclic graphs on p nodes and the associated space of Markov equivalence classes are both much larger than the space of permutations, it is desirable to consider permutation-based greedy searches. Here, we provide the first consistency guarantees, both uniform and high-dimensional, of a greedy permutation-based search. This search corresponds to a simplex-like algorithm operating over the edge-graph of a sub-polytope of the permutohedron, called a DAG associahedron. Every vertex in this polytope is associated with a directed acyclic graph, and hence with a collection of permutations that are consistent with the directed acyclic graph ordering. A walk is performed on the edges of the polytope maximizing the sparsity of the associated directed acyclic graphs. We show via simulated and real data that this permutation search is competitive with current approaches. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bayesian networks