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arXiv 2019年

作者： Wang, Lili Luo, Xiaodong Zheng, Cheng Department of Biotatistics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Department of Biostatistics and Programming Research and Development Sanofi Us BridgewaterNJ United States

Non-proportional hazards (NPH) have been observed in many immuno-oncology clinical trials. Weighted log-rank tests (WLRT) with suitable weights can be used to improve the power of detecting the difference between survival curves in the presence of NPH. However, it is not easy to choose a proper WLRT in practice. A versatile maxcombo test was proposed to achieve the balance of robustness and efficiency, and has received increasing attention recently. Survival trials often warrant interim analyses due to their high cost and long durations. The integration and implementation of maxcombo tests in interim analyses often require extensive simulation studies. In this report, we propose a simulation-free approach for group sequential designs with the maxcombo test in survival trials. The simulation results support that the proposed method can successfully control the type I error rate and offer excellent accuracy and flexibility in estimating sample sizes, with light computation burden. Notably, our method displays strong robustness towards various model misspecifications and has been implemented in an R package for free access online. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hazards

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Evaluation of the rolling wheel deflectometer as a structural pavement assessment tool in Louisiana

Evaluation of the rolling wheel deflectometer as a structura...

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1st Congress of the Transportation and development Institute of ASCE

作者： Elseifi, Mostafa A. Abdel-Khalek, Ahmed Gaspard, Kevin Zhang, Zhongjie Ismail, Said Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 United States Louisiana State University United States Louisiana Transportation Research Center LSU 4101 Gourrier Ave. Baton Rouge LA 70808 United States Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development Office of Planning and Programming United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780784411674

The Rolling Wheel Deflectometer (RWD), which measures pavement surface deflection at traffic speed, offers the potential to characterize the structural conditions of the road network without major delays and in a cost-effective way. The objective of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of RWD deflections and to determine the effects of test speed and pavement conditions on the measured deflections. To achieve this objective, 16 different test sites representing a wide array of pavement conditions were tested. Results of the field testing program determined that the repeatability of RWD measurements was acceptable with an average coefficient of variation of 14% at a testing speed of 32 km/h. The influence of testing speed on the measured deflections was minimal. Since the test speed is restricted by the posted speed limit, testing can be conducted at different speeds while allowing for direct comparison of the measured deflections. RWD deflection measurements appear to properly reflect pavement conditions and structural integrity of the road network by providing for a greater average deflection and scattering for sites in poor conditions. © 2011 ASCE.

关键词： Pavements

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Optimization of Ethylene Oligomerization Process Based on Genetic Algorithms

Optimization of Ethylene Oligomerization Process Based on Ge...

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International Russian Automation Conference (RusAutoCon)

作者： Evgenia Antipina Svetlana Mustafina Andrev Antipin Department of Scientific Research and Development Ufa University of Science and Technology Ufa Russia Department of Mathematical Modeling Ufa University of Science and Technology Ufa Russia Department of Applied Informatics and Programming Ufa University of Science and Technology Ufa Russia

ISBN: (数字)9798350349818

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349825

The paper is devoted to the development of a genetic algorithm for finding the optimal values of control parameters of the ethylene oligomerization process. The formulation of the problem of optimal control of the ethylene oligomerization process is given. The control parameters are temperature and reaction duration, the values of which are subject to constraints. It is proposed to search for the solution of the formulated problems using a genetic algorithm with real coding. The principle of operation of genetic algorithms is based on the imitation of the processes of evolution of living nature. It includes cyclic application of selection, crossing, mutation and renewal operations to a population of individuals. For each of the problems under consideration the method of representation of the mathematical analog of the population, on the basis of which the solution is searched, is described. A step-by-step genetic algorithm for solving the formulated optimal control problems is given. A computational experiment is carried out, as a result of which the optimal reaction temperature and process duration, at which the target functional takes the largest value, are calculated.

关键词： Software packages Catalysts Software algorithms Process control Optimal control Search problems Encoding Temperature control Optimization Genetic algorithms

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“Designing into the Unknown”: Harnessing the Promise of Flexible Course Design

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Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning 2021年第5期53卷 33-40页

作者： Diane E. Boyd Kent Andersen Lew Ludwig Amy E. Jasperson Mary Seawell Metz '58 Executive Director Faculty Development Center and Associate Dean of Faculty Development at Furman University in Greenville South Carolina Senior Lecturer and the Director of leadership programming in The Krulak Institute for Leadership Experiential Learning and Civic Engagement at Birmingham-Southern College in Birmingham Alabama Director for the Center for Learning and Teaching at Denison Dean for Faculty Development and Chair of the Department of Political Science at Rhodes College

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Cardiac Troponin I and Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (vol 72, pg 1126, 2018)

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY 2018年第18期72卷 2282-2282页

作者： Adamson, P. D. Anderson, J. A. Brook, R. D. Calverley, P. M. A. Celli, B. R. Cowans, N. J. Crim, C. Dixon, I. J. Martinez, F. J. Newby, D. E. Vestbo, J. Yates, J. C. Mills, N. L. [a]British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom [b]Research & Development GSK Stockley Park Middlesex United Kingdom [c]Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan [d]Department of Medicine Clinical Sciences Centre University of Liverpool University Hospital Aintree Liverpool United Kingdom [e]Pulmonary and Critical Care Division Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts [f]Statistics and Programming Veramed Twickenham United Kingdom [g]Research & Development GSK Research Triangle Park North Carolina [h]Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York New York [i]Division of Infection Immunity and Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Manchester Academic Health Science Centre The University of Manchester and Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester United Kingdom

Background Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have increased risk of cardiovascular *** This study evaluated the association between high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentration and cardiovascular events in patients with COPD and heightened cardiovascular *** In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 16,485 patients with COPD and cardiovascular disease or risk factors were randomized to once daily inhaled placebo, fluticasone furoate (100 μg), vilanterol (25 μg), or their combination. Plasma high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I concentrations were measured in a subgroup of 1,599 patients. Outcomes were on-treatment cardiovascular events and COPD exacerbations over a median of 18 months, and cardiovascular death over a median of 27 *** Baseline plasma cardiac troponin I concentrations were above the limit of detection (1.2 ng/l) in 1,542 (96%) patients. Concentrations were unaffected by inhaled therapies at 3 months (p > 0.05). Compared with the lowest quintile (cardiac troponin <2.3 ng/l), patients in the highest quintile (≥7.7 ng/l) were at greater risk of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio [HR] 3.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3 to 10.1; p = 0.012) and cardiovascular death (HR: 20.1; 95% CI: 2.4 to 165.2; p = 0.005) after adjustment for risk factors. By contrast, there were no differences in exacerbations between quintiles (HR: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.8 to 1.5; p = 0.548).Conclusions In patients with COPD and heightened cardiovascular risk, plasma cardiac troponin I concentrations are a specific and major indicator of future cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death. Inhaled therapies did not affect cardiac troponin I concentrations consistent with their neutral effect on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes. (Study to Evaluate the Effect of Fluticasone Furoate/Vilanterol on Survival in Subjects With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease [SUMMIT]; NCT01313676)

关键词： cardiac troponin cardiovascular risk chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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The Effects of Institutional Quality and Biocapacity on Inclusive Human development in Sub-saharan Africa

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Fonchamnyo, Dobdinga C. Epo, Boniface Ngah Nginyu, Giyoh Gideon Asongu, Simplice A. Vice Dean in Charge of Teaching and Programming The University of Bamenda Cameroon Department of Economics and Management University of Yaounde II Cameroon Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences The University of Bamenda Cameroon African Governance and Development Institute P.O. Box 8413 Yaoundé Cameroon

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of biocapacity and institutional quality on inclusive human development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Using system-GMM on a sample of 39 countries, it is found that institutional quality increases inclusive human development and all its components. It is also established that biocapacity positively affects inclusive human development and the underlying positive effect is driven by the inclusive health component of inclusive human development and not by the inclusive education and inclusive income components of inclusive human development. A keen follow-up of environmental laws is a safe path for inclusive human development in Sub-Saharan Africa. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Environmental regulations

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Insight - Reverse Engineer Case Tool 99

Insight - Reverse Engineer Case Tool

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1999 International Conference on Softeare Engineering

作者： Norman Rajala Djenana Campara Nikolai Mansurov SW Development Management NORTEL P.O. Box 3511 Station C Ottawa ON Canada K1Y 4H7 Head of Department Inst. for System Programming 25 B. Kommunisticheskaya 109004 Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781581130744

building upon existing software systems while maintaining or improving software quality is a major goal of software engineering. To achieve this, every software engineering phase (requirements analysis, software design, implementation, testing and maintenance) must produce good quality outputs for the next phase. We believe that a next generation reverse engineering tool can assist in realizing this need.

关键词： Reverse Engineer, Software Maintenance

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Redundant optical data transmission using semiconductor lasers

Redundant optical data transmission using semiconductor lase...

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ACS/IEEE International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications

作者： H. D. Wacker J. Borcsok H. Hillmer Development HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH + Co KG Bruehl GERMANY Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Chair for Computer Architecture and System Programming Kassel GERMANY University of Kassel Institute of Nanostructure Technologies and Analytics (INA) and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT) Kassel GERMANY

This paper is dealing with redundant optoelectronic data transmission with special respect to laser channels. The concept of the generalized erasure channel (GEC) is used to determine the probability of undetected error for some binary symmetric and non-symmetric channels protected by appropriate codes. In detail, communication via different binary symmetric channels (BSCs), generalized erasure channels and symmetrized binary non symmetric channels (BNSCs) is investigated. Simple upper bounds are given, relating the new formulas to that one of the BSC Finally the results in connection with an inequality for proper codes are applied to multi wavelength optical transmission through channels generated by semiconductor lasers.

关键词： Data communication Semiconductor lasers Error probability Optical transmitters Protection Safety Wavelength division multiplexing Laser theory Upper bound Linear code

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Energy Efficiency Improvement System for AC Circuits

Energy Efficiency Improvement System for AC Circuits

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IEEE NW Russia Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering Conference (EIConRusNW)

作者： Vladimir Kulagin Kirill Selivanov Andrey Vlasov Dmitrii Aminev Lyudmila Bunina Sergey Bikovsky Moscow technical university of communications and informatics Moscow Russian Federation Department of Design and Technology of Electronic Devices Bauman Moscow State Technical University BMSTU Moscow Russian Federation Department of Development of software solutions and system programming Russian Technological University – MIREA Moscow Russian Federation Department of Electrical Engineering Systems Russian Technological University – MIREA Moscow Russian Federation

The problem of the rational use of energy resources remains constantly relevant and requires the search for new approaches. One of them is power control. In AC circuits, the authors see the most promising method of phase AC power control. Based on it, a power control module was developed. The structural and circuit diagrams of the developed device are presented to implement the proposed solution. The authors produced its experimental prototype and conducted experimental testing at various levels of regulated power. Savings when using the proposed power control module were calculated using the example of energy consumption in various sectors of energy-intensive systems. According to the data obtained, the module allows saving energy consumption without significant discomfort to the energy user. The calculated results allow concluding that the proposed AC power control module is fully operational, and its widespread use will significantly reduce the need for electricity.

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THE STATES' ROLE IN POLICY IMPLEMENTATION: TRANSPORTATION POLICY

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Review of Policy Research 1981年第2期1卷 323-334页

作者： Humphrey, Thomas F. THOMAS F. HUMPHREY is Senior Research Associate and Technical Research Supervisor in the Center for Transportation Studies Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is currently the manager of a project sponsored by the Department of Energy concerning the development of transportation contingency strategies for use by state and local governments. He is also Principal Investigator of a project sponsored by the New Jersey Department of Transportation on developing new programming procedures for allocating resources in state transportation programs. He has authored several papers and reports on transportation planning programming and implementation and is a frequent consultant in the transportation field. He served for six years as director of the Bureau of Transportation Planning and Development for the Massachusetts Department of Transportation.

Over the past 25 years, the federal government has exerted a profound impact over transportation policy, with over one thousand policies and programs administered in 1979. States have been heavily involved in administering most of these programs. In the past, state and local governments have responded by raising the revenues necessary to match federal grants. Despite budget problems, the states' role is expected to continue. Copyright © 1981, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reserved

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