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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Zifan Shen, Yi Zavlanos, Michael M. Johansson, Karl H. Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Enginnering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Digital Futures StockholmSE-10044 Sweden The Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC United States

This paper considers risk-averse learning in convex games involving multiple agents that aim to minimize their individual risk of incurring significantly high costs. Specifically, the agents adopt the conditional value at risk (CVaR) as a risk measure with possibly different risk levels. To solve this problem, we propose a first-order risk-averse leaning algorithm, in which the CVaR gradient estimate depends on an estimate of the Value at Risk (VaR) value combined with the gradient of the stochastic cost function. Although estimation of the CVaR gradients using finitely many samples is generally biased, we show that the accumulated error of the CVaR gradient estimates is bounded with high probability. Moreover, assuming that the risk-averse game is strongly monotone, we show that the proposed algorithm converges to the risk-averse Nash equilibrium. We present numerical experiments on a Cournot game example to illustrate the performance of the proposed method. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Risk assessment

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A Generation Directrix-Based Regulation Energy Market Mechanism for Fairer Competition in Power Systems with High Renewable Energy Penetration

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Gu, Jiu Zhou, Shichao Wang, Lingling Jiang, Chuanwen Li, Zuyi Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion Ministry of Education SEIEE Shanghai Jiao Tong University Minhang District Shanghai200240 China Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Illinois Institute of Technology ChicagoIL60616 United States

Building a power system with a high proportion of renewable energy is the prevailing developmental trajectory of most countries. However, the current spot market mechanism is predominantly tailored for conventional generators (CGs, e.g., thermal units), which ignores the notable differences between renewable energy sources (RESs) and CGs in terms of generation cost and adjustment capability. Consequently, RESs benefit from priority in market-clearing without assuming regulation responsibility during the bidding process alongside CGs, thereby impacting the fairness of the spot market. In this paper, we propose the concept of RES generation directrix (RGD) to quantify the regulation responsibility that RESs need to bear when participating in the spot market. Subsequently, a regulation energy market is constructed between RESs and CGs to reshape the power generation curve of RESs. Finally, the validity of the proposed market mechanism is verified across different test systems. Numerous experiments indicate the proposed RGD-based market mechanism provides a more level playing field for RESs and CGs, helps form an independent offer price for RESs, thereby relieving the "missing money" problem and prolonging the effectiveness and sustainability of energy markets. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Renewable energy resources

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Sensor Fusion-Based Localization Framework for Autonomous Vehicles in Rural Forested Environments

Sensor Fusion-Based Localization Framework for Autonomous Ve...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Jose Matute Mario Rodriguez-Arozamena Joshue Perez Ali Karimoddini Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Greensboro NC USA TECNALIA Research & Innovation Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Derio Bizkaia Spain Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Bilbao Bizkaia Spain Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro NC US

One major hurdle for the deployment of autonomous vehicles in rural environments is achieving accurate localization in areas with tree-canopied roads or outdated point cloud maps. The presence of limited visibility and high variability renders standalone sensor localization unreliable in such situations. To tackle these issues, this paper presents a sensor fusion-based localization framework that integrates data from GNSS, LiDAR, INS, and vehicle odometry. The proposed approach uses a loosely-coupled Extended Kalman Filter for sensor fusion and a weighted gate approach for accurate state estimations. Compared to a state-of-the-art technique, the proposed method achieves a reduction of around 71% in maximum lateral deviations. This method successfully enables a safe and reliable localization in challenging scenarios that are frequently found in the rural and inter-urban sectors.

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Communication-Sensing Region for Cell-Free Massive MIMO ISAC Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Mao, Weihao Lu, Yang Chi, Chong-Yung Ai, Bo Zhong, Zhangdui Ding, Zhiguo The School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Institute of Communications Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom

This paper investigates the system model and the transmit beamforming design for the Cell-Free massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system. The impact of the uncertainty of the target locations on the propagation of wireless signals is considered during both uplink and downlink phases, and especially, the main statistics of the MIMO channel estimation error are theoretically derived in the closed-form fashion. A fundamental performance metric, termed communication-sensing (C-S) region, is defined for the considered system via three cases, i.e., the sensing-only case, the communication-only case and the ISAC case. The transmit beamforming design problems for the three cases are respectively carried out through different reformulations, e.g., the Lagrangian dual transform and the quadratic fractional transform, and some combinations of the block coordinate descent method and the successive convex approximation method. Numerical results present a 3-dimensional C-S region with a dynamic number of access points to illustrate the trade-off between communication and radar sensing. The advantage for radar sensing of the Cell-Free massive MIMO system is also studied via a comparison with the traditional cellular system. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed beamforming scheme is validated in comparison with zero-forcing and maximum ratio transmission schemes. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beamforming

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A State Feedback controller for Mitigation of Continuous-Time Networked SIS Epidemics

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Yuan Gracy, Sebin Uribe, César A. Ishii, Hideaki Johansson, Karl Henrik Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Digital Futures Stockholm Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan

The paper considers continuous-time networked susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) diseases spreading over a population. Each agent represents a sub-population and has its own healing rate and infection rate;the state of the agent at a time instant denotes what fraction of the said sub-population is infected with the disease at the said time instant. By taking account of the changes in behaviors of the agents in response to the infection rates in real-time, our goal is to devise a feedback strategy such that the infection level for each agent strictly stays below a pre-specified value. Furthermore, we are also interested in ensuring that the closed-loop system converges either to the disease-free equilibrium or, when it exists, to the endemic equilibrium. The upshot of devising such a strategy is that it allows health administration officials to ensure that there is sufficient capacity in the healthcare system to treat the most severe cases. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our controller via numerical examples. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Closed loop systems

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Funnel control Under Hard and Soft Output Constraints

Funnel Control Under Hard and Soft Output Constraints

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Farhad Mehdifar Charalampos P. Bechlioulis Dimos V. Dimarogonas Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Systems and Control University of Patras Patra Greece

ISBN: (数字)9781665467612

ISBN: (纸本)9781665467629

This paper proposes a funnel control method under time-varying hard and soft output constraints. First, an online funnel planning scheme is designed that generates a constraint consistent funnel, which always respects hard (safety) constraints, and soft (performance) constraints are met only when they are not conflicting with the hard constraints. Next, the prescribed performance control method is employed for designing a robust low-complexity funnel-based controller for uncertain nonlinear Euler-Lagrangian systems such that the outputs always remain within the planned constraint consistent funnels. Finally, the results are verified with a simulation example of a mobile robot tracking a moving object while staying in a box-constrained safe space.

关键词： Aerospace electronics Planning Safety Trajectory Complexity theory Mobile robots Nonlinear systems

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Predicting of Uncertainty Facial Expressions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Based on an Improved Fuzzy Convolutional Neural Network Model

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： Abd-Alhalem, Samia M. Ali, Hesham A. El-Shafai, Walid Algarni, Abeer D. Soliman, Naglaa F. El-Samie, Fathi E. Faculty of Artificial Intelligence Delta University for Science and Technology Gamasa35712 Egypt Computers and Control Systems Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Mansoura University Mansoura35516 Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Zagazig University Egypt Menoufia University Egypt

Facial expression recognition plays a pivotal role in comprehending emotions and social interactions, particularly in individuals grappling with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who often encounter challenges in non-verbal communication. For some with ASD, even subtle shifts in their facial expressions can prove elusive, rendering it arduous to categorize their emotional states accurately. Consequently, the analysis and processing of facial expression data hold the potential to facilitate early autism diagnosis, thereby enabling timely therapeutic interventions and alleviating the economic and psychological burdens experienced by patients. In this study, we introduce an enhanced approach that leverages a fuzzy convolutional neural network (CNN) and an Improved Binary Genetic Algorithm (IBGA) for autism diagnosis based on facial expression data. Our model confronts the intricate task of recognizing facial images by selecting salient features employing the IBGA method. Moreover, it employs fuzzy weights to ascertain the probability of similarity within the classifier layer. Our proposed model has yielded impressive outcomes, boasting an average accuracy of 0.9405 for ASD detection and 0.9365 for the recognition of six distinct facial expressions. These results hold profound implications for the enhancement of emotion recognition systems and the refinement of interventions aimed at bolstering social interactions for individuals grappling with ASD. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Evaluation of OCA diffusivity in tissues through diffuse reflection spectroscopy

Evaluation of OCA diffusivity in tissues through diffuse ref...

引用

2022 International Conference Laser Optics, ICLO 2022

作者： Martins, I.S. Pinheiro, M.R. Silva, H.F. Tuchin, V.V. Oliveira, L.M. Center of Innovation in Engineering and Industrial Technology Isep Porto Portugal Porto University-School of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Porto Portugal Physics Department Porto Portugal Science Medical Center Saratov State University Saratov Russia Bach Institute of Biochemistry Frc of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Science Moscow Russia Institutc of Precision Mechanics and Control Frc 'Saratov Scientific Centre' of the Ras Saratov Russia

ISBN: (数字)9781665466646

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466646

The evaluation of the diffusion properties of optical clearing agents in biological tissues, which are necessary to characterize the transparency mechanisms, has been traditionally made using ex vivo tissues. With the objective of performing such evaluation in vivo, this study was made to evaluate and compare those properties for propylene glycol in skeletal muscle, as obtained with the collimated transmittance and diffuse reflectance kinetics. The diffusion time and the diffusion coefficient of propylene glycol in the muscle that were calculated both from transmittance and reflectance kinetics presented a deviation of 0.8%, a result that opens the possibility to use such a method in vivo. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Diffusion

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Dragonfly Optimization-based MPPT Algorithm for Standalone PV System under Partial Shading

Dragonfly Optimization-based MPPT Algorithm for Standalone P...

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2021 IEEE International Conference on Emergency Science and Information technology, ICESIT 2021

作者： Lodhi, Ehtisham Yang, Pu Wang, Lina Khan, M. Adil Lodhi, Zeeshan Javed, Usman Saleem, Qasim School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China SKL for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute OfAutomation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Chang'an University Department of Computer and Technology Xi'an710062 China COMSATS University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Islamabad22060 Pakistan Lahore54000 Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665435314

Currently, Photovoltaic (PV) technology has higher demand in the market and gaining momentum day by day. However, partial shading is the most significant concern as it reduces the efficiency of standalone PV systems. Partially shading is typically induced by non-uniform sunlight and uncertain temperature fluctuations. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms play a major role in determining the overall system's efficiency. The PV system creates several peaks in its power voltage (P-V) characteristic curve under partial shadowing. To make the PV system run under partial shading at global maximum power point (GMPP), the dragonfly optimization (DFO) algorithm is put forward in this research article. The proposed DFO technique and other commonly used MPPT techniques, such as Particle swarm optimization (PSO), Perturb and Observe (PO), is investigated through theoretical analysis and simulation using Matlab/Simulink to authenticate the overall performance of the DFO approach under partial shading. Furthermore, the comparison demonstrates that the suggested DFO strategy provides very high reliability, efficiency, robustness, rapid power tracking and lower response time to trace the GMPP than PSO and PO techniques. Hence, the DFO technique's overall performance under partial shading is appropriate and satisfying. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Simulink

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Funnel control Under Hard and Soft Output Constraints (extended version)

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Mehdifar, Farhad Bechlioulis, Charalampos P. Dimarogonas, Dimos V. The Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden The Division of Systems and Control The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Patra Greece

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