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IEEE Transactions on AgriFood Electronics 2024年第2期2卷 335-346页

作者： Shirzi, Moteaal Asadi Kermani, Mehrdad R. Western University Advanced Robotics and Mechatronic Systems Laboratory Electrical and Computer Engineering Department LondonONN6A 5B9 Canada Western University Advanced Robotics and Mechatronic Systems Laboratory The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering LondonONN6A 5B9 Canada

In this article, we propose a new algorithm to improve plant recognition through the use of feature descriptors. The accurate results from this identification method are essential for enabling autonomous tasks, such as stem-stake coupling, in precision agriculture. The proposed method divides the input seedling color image into subimages within the International Commission on Illumination, for three color axes, L for lightness, A for the green-red component, and B for the blue-yellow component, color space and extracts seven key feature descriptors for each subimage. It then uses feature descriptors to create a matrix, which is employed to train an artificial neural network to determine optimized cutoff values. This network suggests cutoff values for a multilevel threshold segmentation for plant recognition. The method provides robust and real-time adaptive segmentation adaptable to various seedlings, backgrounds, and lighting conditions. By enabling accurate segmentation of the plant, morphological image processing can more effectively eliminate leaves to locate the seedling stem. This methodology automates image analysis in seedling propagation facilities and greenhouses and enables a wide range of precision agricultural tasks. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Machine vision

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An Optimal DPM Based Energy-Aware Task Scheduling for Performance Enhancement in Embedded MPSoC

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 2097-2113页

作者： Hamayun Khan Irfan Ud Din Arshad Ali Mohammad Husain Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering&Technology Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science&IT Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahAl Madinah Al Munawarah42351Saudi Arabia

Minimizing the energy consumption to increase the life span and performance of multiprocessor system on chip(MPSoC)has become an integral chip design issue for multiprocessor *** performance measurement of computational systems is changing with the advancement in *** to shrinking and smaller chip size power densities onchip are increasing rapidly that increasing chip temperature in multi-core embedded *** operating speed of the device decreases when power consumption reaches a threshold that causes a delay in complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)circuits because high on-chip temperature adversely affects the life span of the *** this paper an energy-aware dynamic power management technique based on energy aware earliest deadline first(EA-EDF)scheduling is proposed for improving the performance and reliability by reducing energy and power consumption in the system on chip(SOC).Dynamic power management(DPM)enables MPSOC to reduce power and energy consumption by adopting a suitable core configuration for task *** migration avoids peak temperature values in the multicore *** utilization factor(ui)on central processing unit(CPU)core consumes more energy and increases the temperature *** technique switches the core bymigrating such task to a core that has less temperature and is in a low power *** proposed EA-EDF scheduling technique migrates load on different cores to attain stability in temperature among multiple cores of the CPU and optimized the duration of the idle and sleep periods to enable the low-temperature *** effectiveness of the EA-EDF approach reduces the utilization and energy consumption compared to other existing methods and *** simulation results show the improvement in performance by optimizing 4.8%on u_(i) 9%,16%,23%and 25%at 520 MHz operating frequency as compared to other energy-aware techniques for MPSoCs when the least number of tasks is in running state and can

关键词： Dynamic power management dynamic voltage&frequency scaling dynamic thermal management multiprocessor system on chip complementary metal oxide semiconductor reliability

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Decentralized control in active distribution grids via supervised and reinforcement learning

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 137-149页

作者： Stavros Karagiannopoulos Petros Aristidou Gabriela Hug Audun Botterud Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems(LIDS) Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeUSA EEH-Power Systems Laboratory ETH Zurichhysikstrasse 38092 ZurichSwitzerland Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Engineering&InformaticsCyprus

While moving towards a low-carbon, sustainable electricity system, distribution networks are expected to host a large share of distributed generators, such as photovoltaic units and wind turbines. These inverter-based resources are intermittent, but also controllable, and are expected to amplify the role of distribution networks together with other distributed energy resources, such as storage systems and controllable loads. The available control methods for these resources are typically categorized based on the available communication network into centralized, distributed, and decentralized or local. Standard local schemes are typically inefficient, whereas centralized approaches show implementation and cost concerns. This paper focuses on optimized decentralized control of distributed generators via supervised and reinforcement learning. We present existing state-of-the-art decentralized control schemes based on supervised learning, propose a new reinforcement learning scheme based on deep deterministic policy gradient, and compare the behavior of both decentralized and centralized methods in terms of computational effort, scalability, privacy awareness, ability to consider constraints, and overall optimality. We evaluate the performance of the examined schemes on a benchmark European low voltage test system. The results show that both supervised learning and reinforcement learning schemes effectively mitigate the operational issues faced by the distribution network.

关键词： Supervised learning Reinforcement learning Deep deterministic policy gradient Decentralized control Active distribution systems

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Energy-Efficient Scheduling Based on Task Migration Policy Using DPM for Homogeneous MPSoCs

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 965-981页

作者： Hamayun Khan Irfan Ud din Arshad Ali Sami Alshmrany Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering&Technology Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science&IT Superior University Lahore54000Pakistan Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University of MadinahAl Madinah Al Munawarah42351Saudi Arabia

Increasing the life span and efficiency of Multiprocessor System on Chip(MPSoC)by reducing power and energy utilization has become a critical chip design challenge for multiprocessor *** the advancement of technology,the performance management of central processing unit(CPU)is *** densities and thermal effects are quickly increasing in multi-core embedded technologies due to shrinking of chip *** energy consumption reaches a threshold that creates a delay in complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)circuits and reduces the speed by 10%–15%because excessive on-chip temperature shortens the chip’s life *** this paper,we address the scheduling&energy utilization problem by introducing and evaluating an optimal energy-aware earliest deadline first scheduling(EA-EDF)based technique formultiprocessor environments with task migration that enhances the performance and efficiency in multiprocessor systemon-chip while lowering energy and power *** selection of core andmigration of tasks prevents the system from reaching itsmaximumenergy utilization while effectively using the dynamic power management(DPM)*** in the execution of tasks the temperature and utilization factor(u_(i))on-chip increases that dissipate more *** proposed approach migrates such tasks to the core that produces less heat and consumes less power by distributing the load on other cores to lower the temperature and optimizes the duration of idle and sleep times across multiple *** performance of the EA-EDF algorithm was evaluated by an extensive set of experiments,where excellent results were reported when compared to other current techniques,the efficacy of the proposed methodology reduces the power and energy consumption by 4.3%–4.7%on a utilization of 6%,36%&46%at 520&624 MHz operating frequency when particularly in comparison to other energy-aware methods for *** are running and accurately scheduled to make an energy-efficient

关键词： Dynamic power management dynamic voltage&frequency scaling dynamic thermal management multiprocessor system on chip complementary metal oxide semiconductor reliability

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Emergent classical spin liquid phases in an Ising lattice via size effects

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Physical Review B 2024年第2期109卷 L020303-L020303页

作者： Pratik Brahma Sayeef Salahuddin Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA

We show that a classical spin liquid phase can emerge from an ordered magnetic state in the two-dimensional frustrated Shastry-Sutherland Ising lattice due to lateral confinement. Two distinct classical spin liquid states are stabilized: (i) long-range spin-correlated dimers, and (ii) exponentially decaying spin-correlated disordered states, depending on widths of W=3n, 3n+1 or W=3n+2,n being a positive integer. Stabilization of spin liquids in a square-triangular lattice moves beyond the conventional geometric paradigm of kagome, triangular, or tetrahedral arrangements of antiferromagnetic ions, where spin liquids have been discussed conventionally.

关键词： Phase diagrams Spin liquid Classical spin models Lattice types Ising model Transfer matrix calculations

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Simultaneous improving luminescence intensity and stability of CsPbBr_(3):SCN−@Eu/Zr-Uio-66-NH_(2) with tunable emissions from blue to green and applications in indoor photovoltaics

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6879-6887页

作者： Minze Li Yao Sun Honglai Lu Peifen Zhu Ruihong Wang Guofeng Wang Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

The construction of stable and efficient materials that emit blue and green light remains a *** the blue light materials reported,metal-organic framework(MOF)materials are rarely reported as blue phosphors due to their weak luminescence *** on the construction of CsPbBr_(3)@MOF(CPB@MOF),an innovative idea was proposed to simultaneously enhance the green luminescence of CPB and the blue luminescence of MOF through the interaction between CPB and MOF for the first *** expected,the blue luminescence from CPB:7%SCN−@0.5%MOF:Eu as well as the green luminescence from 5%CPB:7%SCN−@MOF:Eu was sufficient to construct high-performance light-emitting diode(LED)devices and further excite solar cells to generate stable photoelectric *** white LED(WLED)device with excellent color quality(color rendering index(CRI)=96.2)and correlated color temperature(CCT=9688 K)can be constructed by using the obtained blue-emitting CPB:7%SCN-@0.5%MOF:Eu,green-emitting 5%CPB:7%SCN−@MOF:Eu,and red-emitting PPB:30%Mn^(2+).The density functional theory(DFT)theoretical calculation results indicate that the p orbital of Pb plays the major role in the conduction band,and the p orbital of Br plays the major role in the valance band of CPB and CPB:SCN−.While the p orbital of O plays the major role in both the conduction band and valance band of *** heat capacity of CPB and CPB:SCN−separately reaches the Dulong–Petit limit at 200 and 400 K,indicating that the thermal stability of CsPbBr_(3)increases after SCN−doping.

关键词： CsPbBr_(3):SCN−@Uio-66-NH_(2) composites luminescence stability white light-emitting diodes(WLEDs) indoor photovoltaics density functional theory(DFT)calculation

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RUL Estimation for Power Electronic Devices Using RNNs

RUL Estimation for Power Electronic Devices Using RNNs

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2024 Prognostics and System Health Management Conference, PHM 2024

作者： Cai, Congrui Lu, Zhonghai School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Embedded Systems Master Program Sweden School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department of Electrical Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360585

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are commonly used in data-driven approaches to estimate the Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL) of power electronic devices. RNNs are preferred because their intrinsic feedback mechanisms are better suited to model time-series data. However, the impact of RNN complexity on estimation accuracy is rarely discussed in the literature. This issue is important because choosing a lower-complexity model that delivers the same or similar performance as a higher-complexity model can increase implementation efficiency. In the paper, we use three RNN models, namely, the vanilla version, LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) and GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) to conduct RUL estimation for power electronic devices. We use two accelerated aging datasets, one dataset targeting the package failure of MOSFETs, and the other dataset targeting package failure of power diodes. Our study shows that a lower-complexity RNN does not necessarily deliver a lower performance. Similarly, a higher-complexity model does not assure a higher performance. As such, our work highlights the importance of selecting a proper neural network for RUL estimation not biased towards complex models. This is especially useful and important for implementing such RUL estimation techniques in embedded resource-constrained and speed-limited computins platforms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Cybersecurity Landscape on Remote State Estimation:A Comprehensive Review

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 851-865页

作者： Jing Zhou Jun Shang Tongwen Chen the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton AB T6G 1H9Canada the Department of Control Science and Engineering and Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Cyber-physical systems(CPSs)have emerged as an essential area of research in the last decade,providing a new paradigm for the integration of computational and physical units in modern control *** state estimation(RSE)is an indispensable functional module of ***,it has been demonstrated that malicious agents can manipulate data packets transmitted through unreliable channels of RSE,leading to severe estimation performance *** paper aims to present an overview of recent advances in cyber-attacks and defensive countermeasures,with a specific focus on integrity attacks against ***,two representative frameworks for the synthesis of optimal deception attacks with various performance metrics and stealthiness constraints are discussed,which provide a deeper insight into the vulnerabilities of ***,a detailed review of typical attack detection and resilient estimation algorithms is included,illustrating the latest defensive measures safeguarding RSE from ***,some prevalent attacks impairing the confidentiality and data availability of RSE are examined from both attackers'and defenders'***,several challenges and open problems are presented to inspire further exploration and future research in this field.

关键词： Cyber-attacks Kalman filtering remote state estimation unreliable transmission channels

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An overview on IRS-enabled sensing and communications for 6G: architectures, fundamental limits, and joint beamforming designs

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science China(Information sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 170-193页

作者： Xianxin SONG Yuan FANG Feng WANG Zixiang REN Xianghao YU Ye ZHANG Fan LIU Jie XU Derrick Wing Kwan NG Rui ZHANG Shuguang CUI School of Science and Engineering (SSE) Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen)and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

This study presents an overview on intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-enabled sensing and communication for the forthcoming sixth-generation(6G) wireless networks, in which IRSs are strategically deployed to proactively reconfigure wireless environments to improve both sensing and communication(S&C) performance. First, we exploit a single IRS to enable wireless sensing in the base station's(BS's) non-line-of-sight(NLoS) area. In particular, we present three IRS-enabled NLoS target sensing architectures with fully-passive, semi-passive, and active IRSs, respectively. We compare their pros and cons by analyzing the fundamental sensing performance limits for target detection and parameter estimation. Next, we consider a single IRS to facilitate integrated sensing and communication(ISAC), in which the transmit signals at the BS are used for achieving both S&C functionalities, aided by the IRS through reflective beamforming. We present joint transmit signal and receiver processing designs for realizing efficient ISAC, and jointly optimize the transmit beamforming at the BS and reflective beamforming at the IRS to balance the fundamental performance tradeoff between S&C. Furthermore, we discuss multi-IRS networked ISAC, by particularly focusing on multi-IRS-enabled multi-link ISAC, multi-region ISAC, and ISAC signal routing, respectively. Finally, we highlight various promising research topics in this area to motivate future work.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) sensing sensing and communication tradeoff

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Dynamics-incorporated Modeling Framework for Stability Constrained Scheduling under High-penetration of Renewable Energy

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IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 2025年第3期16卷 1673-1685页

作者： Wang, Jinning Li, Fangxing Fang, Xin Cui, Hantao She, Buxin Shuai, Hang Zhang, Qiwei Tomsovic, Kevin University of Tennessee Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Mississippi State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering StarkvilleMS39762 United States NC State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering RaleighNC27606 United States Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99352 United States Johns Hopkins University Department of Environmental Health and Eng. BaltimoreMD21205 United States

In this paper, a modularized modeling framework is designed to enable a dynamics-incorporated power system scheduling under high-penetration of renewable energy. This unique framework incorporates an adapted hybrid symbolic-numeric approach to scheduling models, effectively bridging the gap between device- and system-level optimization models and streamlining the scheduling modeling effort. The adaptability of the proposed framework stems from four key aspects: extensible scheduling formulations through modeling blocks, scalable performance via effective vectorization and sparsity-aware techniques, compatible data structure aligned with dynamic simulators by common power flow data, and interoperable dynamic interface for bi-direction data exchange between steady-state generation scheduling and time-domain dynamic simulation. Through extensive benchmarks with various usage scenarios, the framework's accuracy and scalability are validated. The case studies also demonstrate the efficient interoperation of generation scheduling and dynamics, significantly reducing the modeling conversion work in stability-constrained grid operation towards high-penetration of renewable energy. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptation models Dynamic scheduling Numerical models Power system stability Power system dynamics Stability analysis Aerodynamics Transient analysis Computational modeling Renewable energy sources

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