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International Conference on control, Decision and Information Technologies (CoDIT)

作者： Amirreza Zaman Dina Shona Laila Wolfgang Birk Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Automatic Control Group Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798350373974

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373981

This work introduces a method for closed-loop system identification using frequency analysis, employing Empirical Transfer Function Estimation (ETFE). By integrating optimization within a Monte Carlo framework, it enhances the precision of ETFE, resulting in minimized frequency response errors compared to actual system data. Leveraging controller information in an offline model fitting scheme, it achieves optimal realization of process dynamics. The method is evaluated on a data center rack-level cooling system, showing Bode magnitude plots of actual and estimated closed-loop and open-loop dynamics, with confidence intervals demonstrating algorithm consistency. Numerical evaluations confirm the feasibility and potential of the approach to improve offline closed-loop system identification performance in the frequency domain, beneficial for analysis and design. There will not be a comparative study for the introduced approach.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods Heuristic algorithms Fitting Transfer functions Estimation Process control Numerical models Closed loop systems Iterative methods Optimization

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Energy-balancing dual-port grid-forming control for VSC-HVDC systems

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2023年第2期56卷 6447-6452页

作者： Irina Subotić Dominic Groß Automatic Control Laboratory ETH Zürich Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison USA

This work examines energy-balancing dual port grid-forming (GFM) control for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission. In contrast to the state-of-the-art, HVDC converters controlled in this way do not require assigning GFM and grid-following roles to different converters. Moreover, this control enables primary frequency control and inertia support through HVDC links. A detailed stability and steady-state analysis results in conditions on the control gains such that i) the overall hybrid dc/ac system is stable, ii) asynchronous ac areas are quasi-synchronous, and iii) circulating power in cyclic topologies is avoided. Finally, a high-fidelity case study is used to illustrate and verify the analytical results.

关键词： Power systems Power systems stability Grid-forming control HVDC transmission

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Classification of the Heartbeats in Electrocardiograms with K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm, Random Forests, and Support Vector Machines - A Pilot Study 21st

Classification of the Heartbeats in Electrocardiograms with ...

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21st Scientific Conference on Medical and Sport Technologies, 2024

作者： Vural, Muzaffer Samed Heryan, Katarzyna Sieciński, Szymon Bilko, Pawel Grzegorzek, Marcin Faculty of Automatic Control Electrical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering Department of Measurement and Electronics AGH University of Science and Technology Aleja Adama Mickiewicza 30 Kraków30-059 Poland Institute of Medical Informatics University of Lübeck Ratzeburger Allee 160 Lübeck23562 Germany Faculty of Biomedical Engineering Department of Medical Informatics and Artificial Intelligence Silesian University of Technology Franklina Delano Roosevelta 40 Zabrze41-800 Poland Department of Clinical Engineering Academy of Silesia Rolna 43 Katowice40-555 Poland German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Ratzeburger Allee 160 Lübeck23562 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783031821424

Electrocardiography (ECG) is vital for diagnosing and monitoring cardiovascular diseases. automatic interpretation of ECG signals, particularly classifying heartbeats, is essential in diagnosing these conditions. We compared the performance of three classifiers (K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Random Forests (RF), and Support Vector Machine (SVM)) using heartbeat and ECG signal features. We trained the classifiers on 173 heartbeats from 11 recordings in the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia (MITDB) Database. To address imbalance, we used SMOTE (Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique) to increase the number of abnormal heartbeats. We divided the data into 70% for training set and 30% for testing set, evaluating performance through 10-fold cross-validation. Results demonstrated state-of-the-art performance for KNN, RF, and SVM. KNN achieved an overall accuracy, positive predictive value, and sensitivity of 0.977, 0.978, and 0.978, respectively. RF achieved an overall accuracy, precision, and sensitivity of 0.971, 0.972, and 0.971, respectively. SVM achieved a recall of 0.988, 0.989, and 0.988. SVM exhibited the highest overall performance in heartbeat classification (0.99), followed by KNN (0.98) and RF (0.97). © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Reducing the energy consumption required for the disassembly process implemented on an assembly and disassembly line 24

Reducing the energy consumption required for the disassembly...

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24th International Conference on control Systems and Computer Science, CSCS 2023

作者： Marius-Adrian, Paun Elena, Dragomir Otilia Florin, Dragomir Stelian, Iliescu Sergiu Eugenia, Minca Octavian Gabriel, Duca Valentin, Gurgu Ion University 'Politehnica' of Bucharest Department of Automation and Industrial Informatics Bucharest Romania Valahia University of Targoviste Faculty of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Information Technology Targoviste Romania University 'Politehnica ' of Bucharest Faculty of Automatic Control and Computers Bucharest Romania University 'Dunarea de Jos ' of Galati Department of Automation and Electrical Engineering Galati Romania Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Science and Technology Valahia University of Targoviste Targoviste Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313390

This paper proposes a method to reduce the energy consumption of an industrial disassembly process implemented on a production line by using an energy-efficient secondary disassembly process. In the case of defective products, the flow directs the simple product with priority to be disassembled in workstation (WS) 7. Therefore, all defective products are redirected to WS7. The disassembly of all simple products in WS7 is problematic for two reasons: the power consumption of WS7 is high compared to the other workstations, additionally there is an increased possibility of bottlenecks in the production line due to the high disassembly time. The proposed solution to reduce the possibility of deadlock and reduce power consumption is to redirect the defective products to the flexible cell (FC). Handling robots located in neighboring stations will participate collaboratively in the disassembly process. The control structure ensures that the two robots 'meet' in the boundary plane of WS3 with WS4 and disassemble each component through collaborative tasks. Collaborative control of disassembly is thought of as a solution to the global 'fluidization' of production, removing the bottleneck, from the overall flow, but also as an ingenious solution to reduce energy consumption. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Assembly

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Finite Sample Frequency Domain Identification

Finite Sample Frequency Domain Identification

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Anastasios Tsiamis Mohamed Abdalmoaty Roy S. Smith John Lygeros Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH Zürich Automatic Control Laboratory Zürich Switzerland

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

We study non-parametric frequency-domain system identification from a finite-sample perspective. We assume an open loop scenario where the excitation input is periodic and consider the Empirical Transfer Function Estimate (ETFE), where the goal is to estimate the frequency response at certain desired (evenly-spaced) frequencies, given input-output samples. We show that under sub-Gaussian colored noise (in timedomain) and stability assumptions, the ETFE estimates are concentrated around the true values. The error rate is of the order of $\mathcal{O}\left(\left(d_{u}+\sqrt{d_{u} d_{y}}\right) \sqrt{M / N_{\text {tot }}}\right)$, where $N_{\text {tot }}$ is the total number of samples, M is the number of desired frequencies, and $d_{u}, d_{y}$ are the dimensions of the input and output signals respectively. This rate remains valid for general irrational transfer functions and does not require a finite order state-space representation. By tuning M, we obtain a $N_{\text {tot }}^{-1 / 3}$ finite-sample rate for learning the frequency response over all frequencies in the ${\mathcal{H}}_{\infty}$ norm. Our result draws upon an extension of the Hanson-Wright inequality to semi-infinite matrices. We study the finite-sample behavior of ETFE in simulations.

关键词： Error analysis Frequency-domain analysis Transfer functions Frequency response Stability analysis Frequency estimation System identification Linear matrix inequalities Colored noise Tuning

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Urban Traffic Congestion control: A DeePC Change

Urban Traffic Congestion Control: A DeePC Change

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European control Conference (ECC)

作者： Alessio Rimoldi Carlo Cenedese Alberto Padoan Florian Dörfler John Lygeros Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Automatic Control Laboratory ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland

ISBN: (数字)9783907144107

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540920

Urban traffic congestion remains a pressing chal-lenge in our rapidly expanding cities, despite the abundance of available data and the efforts of policymakers. By leveraging behavioral system theory and data-driven control, this paper exploits the Data-enabled Predictive control (DeePC) algorithm in the context of urban traffic control performed via dynamic traffic lights. To validate our approach, we consider a high-fidelity case study using the state-of-the-art simulation software package Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO). Preliminary results indicate that DeePC outperforms existing approaches across various key metrics, including travel time and CO 2 emissions, demonstrating its potential for effective traffic management.

关键词： Measurement Software packages Heuristic algorithms Urban areas Software algorithms Pressing Traffic control

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Multiobjective Optimization for PI-based control Strategies for HVAC Systems in Coaches

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第7期58卷 156-161页

作者： María Luisa Delgado Mario L. Ruz Francisco Vázquez Jorge E. Jiménez-Hornero Department of Electrical Engineering and Automatic Control University of Cordoba Campus Rabanales 14071 Cordoba Spain Department of Mechanics University of Cordoba Campus Rabanales 14071 Cordoba Spain

Thermal comfort in vehicles is crucial for several reasons, including safety, health and well-being of the passengers, energy efficiency and customer satisfaction. Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems and their control play an important role in achieving comfortable thermal conditions, so one of the most important steps to carry out is a correct tuning of the control loop parameters. In this work, two heating control strategies, specifically designed for coaches, are presented. The proposed schemes are based on PI controllers whose parameters are tuned using Multiobjective Optimization (MOO), where several cost functions related to cabin comfort and energy consumption (crucial in electric coaches) are used. For the tuning task, firstly, a multidimensional Pareto front approximation is obtained based on a set of metrics, such as the Integral Square Error (ISE) and the Total Variation (TV), among others. The set of optimal solutions is collected, and secondly, a Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method is used to select an optimal solution from the Pareto set, specifically, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The control schemes are compared by simulation using the Matlab/Simulink software. The results show good performance of both control strategies in reference tracking and the usefulness of the MOO approach in the tuning procedure.

关键词： Parametric control optimization control system design genetic algorithms simulation control of systems in vehicles

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Sun-tracking Solar Panel with Battery Charger Based on the MPPT Technology 5

Sun-tracking Solar Panel with Battery Charger Based on the M...

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5th IEEE International Conference on Modern electrical and Energy System, MEES 2023

作者： Jacko, Patrik Kovalchuk, Viktoriia Mlynar, Patrik Prus, Viacheslav Somka, Oleksand Technical University of Košice Department of Theoretical and Industrial Electrical Ingeneering Košice Slovakia Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University Department of Systems of Automatic Control and Electric Drive Kremenchuk Ukraine Kremenchuk Mykhailo Ostrohradskyi National University Department of Electrical Engineering Kremenchuk Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359787

The energy crisis is a massive problem in today's world. Conventional energy sources are not only limited but also major contributors to environmental pollution. Renewable energy sources are becoming priorities worldwide. To reduce dependence on conventional energy sources, it is necessary to explore alternative options. Solar energy is rapidly gaining attention as an important means of expanding the use of renewable energy. Solar cells, which convert solar energy into electrical energy, are expensive and relatively inefficient. Various mechanisms and systems are used to increase the efficiency of solar cells and maximize energy generation. A solar tracking system is used to enhance the efficiency of solar cells by tracking the movement of the sun. This article describes the methodology for designing an automatic solar tracker based on the ESP32 microcontroller. Light-dependent resistors (LDRs) are used as sensors to detect the current position of the sun. The proposed tracker has a precise control mechanism that adjusts the orientation of the solar panel based on the measured values from the LDRs to achieve the optimal position perpendicular to the sun, ensuring the highest productivity in energy generation. The result is a constructed small-scale prototype of a solar tracking system, along with a description of its components and the programming part. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Solar energy

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PMSM Sensorless control System Based on Super Twisting-Terminal SMC and SMO-PLL Observer

PMSM Sensorless Control System Based on Super Twisting-Termi...

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International Conference on System Theory, control, and Computing (ICSTCC)

作者： Marcel Nicola Claudiu-Ionel Nicola Dan Selișteanu Dorin Sendrescu Department of Automatic Control and Electronics National Institute for Research Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering – ICMET Craiova University of Craiova Craiova Romania Department of Automatic Control and Electronics University of Craiova Craiova Romania

ISBN: (数字)9798350364293

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364309

Addressing control performance of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) with sensorless control systems which use Field Oriented control (FOC), this paper proposes a control structure which uses a Super Twisting-Terminal Sliding Mode control (ST-SMC) type control. Moreover, concerning the speed estimation for the PMSM rotor, the performance of a Sliding Mode Observer (SMO) type observer is improved by using a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) control technique. The control performance of the sensorless control system is improved by optimally tuning the parameters of the ST-SMC controller using an Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO) algorithm. The control structures, observer and controller synthesis and proof of their convergence are also presented. Several computer simulations achieved in the Matlab/Simulink software environment demonstrate the superiority of the proposed sensorless PMSM control system compared to the classical version. The performance criteria used for comparisons are classical indicators such as settling and rise time, speed signal ripple, stationary error, and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).

关键词： Total harmonic distortion Software algorithms Estimation Sensorless control Observers Steady-state Phase locked loops Sliding mode control Tuning Convergence

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Energy performance of self-powered green IoT nodes

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Frontiers in Energy Research 2024年 12卷

作者： Kuaban, Godlove Suila Czachórski, Tadeusz Gelenbe, Erol Pecka, Piotr Sharma, Sapana Singh, Pradeep Nkemeni, Valery Czekalski, Piotr Gliwice Poland Haryana India Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Automatic Control Electronic and Informatics Silesian University of Technology Gliwice Gliwice Poland

The widespread adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) partly depends on the successful design and deployment of IoT nodes that can operate for several years without any service outage and the need to replace their energy storage systems (ESSs) (e.g., battery, capacitor, or supercapacitor) when all the stored energy is depleted or when the cycle life of the ESSs is reached. Replacing batteries in the case of large-scale IoT networks and nodes located in places that are hard to reach is very challenging and costly, requiring the design of IoT nodes that can operate for several years without the need for human intervention. One such example is the deployment of IoT nodes in large agricultural fields (for soil or crop monitoring) or a long-distance pipeline (for pipeline monitoring). In this paper, we investigated the practical implications of imposing energy-saving thresholds on the energy performance metrics of green IoT nodes. We propose an energy packet-based model for the evaluation of the energy performance of a green IoT node with the possibility of switching the node to energy-saving regimes on the fly when the energy content of the ESS reaches defined thresholds. Configuring single or multiple thresholds improves the energy performance of the node significantly (e.g., increases the lifetime of the node and reduces the probability of service outage and energy wastage), and the value of the threshold(s) should be carefully chosen. The energy performance of the IoT node can also be improved by dimensioning the energy harvesting system to ensure that the node operates for several years without running out of energy (e.g., maximizing the lifetime of the nodes and minimizing the probability of service outage and energy wastage). Copyright © 2024 Kuaban, Czachórski, Gelenbe, Pecka, Sharma, Singh, Nkemeni and Czekalski.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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