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2024 IEEE International Conference on Future Machine Learning and Data Science, FMLDS 2024

作者： Amria, Mazen Qaroush, Aziz M. Jubran, Mohammad Zuhd, Alaa Khatib, Ahmad Birzeit University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ramallah Palestine

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391213

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have gained significant attention in computer vision due to their exceptional model capa-bilities. However, most ViT models suffer from high complexity, with a large number of parameters that demand considerable memory and inference time, limiting their applicability on resource-constrained devices. To address this issue, we propose a distillation-based framework for compressing large models for smaller datasets. The framework leverages fine-tuning and knowledge distillation to accelerate the training process of compressed models. To evaluate its effectiveness, two compressed Swin Transformer models, Swin-N and Swin-M, were introduced and tested on the CIFAR-100 dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that when trained using the proposed framework, both Swin-N and Swin-M exhibit significant improvements in accuracy compared to their counterparts trained from scratch, with Swin-N achieving an 18.89% increase and Swin-M showing a 20.10% improvement. Additionally, Swin-M closely approximates the accuracy of the Swin- T teacher model, further validating the effectiveness of the framework. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Tuning

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Performance Evaluation of Multi-ONU Customers Access Network using Spectrum Slicing and Duplication Techniques 5

Performance Evaluation of Multi-ONU Customers Access Network...

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5th International Conference on Emerging electrical Energy, Electronics and Computing Technologies, ICE4CT 2024

作者： Rahman, Juwairiyyah Abdul Mugunthan, Sivaguru A.L. Hassan, Hasliza Abu Muslim, Norliana Ab-Rahman, Mohammad Syuhaimi Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences Universiti Selangor Selangor Bestari Jaya45600 Malaysia Department of Computer and Communication Technology Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Perak Kampar31900 Malaysia Department of Electrical Electronics and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Malaysia Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Sohar University PC:311 Sohar Oman

This study aims to increase the number of access users by limiting the sample size to 30 users while ensuring that every Optical Network Unit (ONU) receives data from the Optical Line Terminal (OLT). The proposed solution allows for the determination of power requirements at each ONU based on bus-star topologies, facilitating an increase in user capacity. The power received by each ONU is a critical parameter that system designers must consider when planning the implementation of Fiber to the Home (FTTH), as it impacts the output data in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) and Signal Quality Factor (QF) for each user. Various parameters were evaluated to ensure that the enhanced network improves scalability while adhering to standard specifications. These parameters included the Q-factor, BER, eye diagram, user count, and received power. The study employed slicing and duplication techniques, utilizing Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) for signal duplication and Wavelength Division Multiplexing for signal slicing. The simulations were conducted using a transmitter operating at a frequency of 1491 nm with a power output of 0 dBm, utilizing the latest version of OptiSystem 20 software. The results highlighted the system's capability to support a total of 73,728 users, meeting stringent performance criteria. Specifically, the system achieved a Q-factor greater than 6, indicating high signal quality, and a bit error rate (BER) lower than 1 × 10-9, ensuring reliable data transmission. For the sampled 30 users, the average Q factor was 8.1527, and the average BER was 5.3648 × 10^-11, with an output power level of -54.278 dBm. Despite an increase in users, the quality of the data supplied to clients remained unchanged. These outcomes underscore the robustness and efficiency of the design in delivering high-capacity, error-resilient optical communication. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Q factor measurement

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Recent Advances in Reconfigurable Electromagnetic Surfaces:engineering Design,Full-Wave Analysis,and Large-Scale Optimization

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Electromagnetic Science 2024年第3期2卷 1-25页

作者： Incheol(Aiden)Jung Zhen Peng Yahya Rahmat-Samii Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90024USA

This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in reconfigurable electromagnetic(EM)*** discussion is organized around three key aspects of reconfigurable EM surfaces:unit cell engineering design,full-wave numerical analysis,and large-scale optimization *** references are provided to facilitate further exploration of this compelling and timely *** address the above three key aspects,we conduct an extensive examination of the design process for metasurfaces in reconfigurable *** involves evaluating the design methodology of unit cells,EM simulation techniques tailored for highly complex structures,and innovative optimization methods suitable for scenarios with numerous *** scenarios featuring reconfigurability for real-time manipulation of EM waves to meet the requirements of emerging communication environments,the optimization cost function is defined with multiple variables,exhibiting intricate behavior in the design ***,it necessitates an optimization methodology capable of handling high-dimensional functions without getting trapped in local ***,the intricate geometries of metasurface devices preclude analytical solutions,necessitating high-performance full-wave solvers capable of providing highly accurate simulations with minimal computational *** concepts and details pertaining to the aforementioned design stages are presented in a unified manner,along with representative examples.

关键词： Electromagnetic surface Full-wave simulation Metasurface Metasurface unit cell design Optimization Reconfigurable intelligent surface

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Dynamic Load Altering Attack Identification in Power Systems 10

Dynamic Load Altering Attack Identification in Power Systems

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10th International Conference on Control, Instrumentation and Automation, ICCIA 2024

作者： Samimiat, Marzieh Ahmadi, Ali-Akbar Nateghi, Abolfazl Kharazmi University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509972

Identifying the dynamic load altering attack (DLAA) is one of the main challenges in modern power systems operation. Due to the ever-increasing demand for energy and the complexities arising from the integration of renewable energy resources, the D-LAA may significantly affect the stability and reliability of the power systems. Therefore, the development and implementation of effective strategies to manage these situations is not only necessary to maintain the stability of the network, but also improves the power quality and increases the system reliability. In this paper, identification of the D-LAA in power systems is discussed. By using a bank of localization observer, the location of the attack and its signature matrix are determined. Then, using a cubic sliding mode observer, the D-LAA signal is identified. Compared to existing results, no limiting assumptions are made on the attack signal. Besides, presence of phasor measurement units (PMUs) in all buses is not necessary. Using the cubic term in the identification observer reduces the identification error compared to the standard sliding mode observers. All the design scheme is done using a centralized approach, which facilitates taking necessary measures to maintain the stability of the power system in the central control center. The simulation results on the power system with three generator buses and six load buses show the efficiency and capability of the proposed method. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Phasor measurement units

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City-Scale Multi-Camera Tracking of Vehicles using YOLOv9 and ByteTrack 24

City-Scale Multi-Camera Tracking of Vehicles using YOLOv9 an...

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24th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems, ICCAS 2024

作者： Nguyen, Huy-Hung Tran, Duong Nguyen-Ngoc Pham, Long Hoang Tran, Tai Huu-Phuong Jeon, Jae Wook Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9788993215380

Multi-target multi-camera tracking plays a crucial role in intelligent traffic surveillance systems due to its broad application domain. This study investigates the integration and performance of the YOLOv9 object detector and ByteTrack multi-object tracker within a multi-camera vehicle tracking framework. Designed to enhance vehicle tracking across various camera views in urban settings, YOLOv9 detects and locates vehicles within frames, while ByteTrack links these detections across frames to establish continuous object trajectories. Experiments on the CityFlow dataset demonstrate noticable improvements in tracking performance compared to baseline methods. © 2024 ICROS.

关键词： Security systems

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A MM-Wave Frequency doubler based on second harmonic VCO extraction in 40-nm CMOS

A MM-Wave Frequency doubler based on second harmonic VCO ext...

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2024 Panhellenic Conference on Electronics and Telecommunications, PACET 2024

作者： Psycharis, Ioannis Dimitrios Tsourtis, Vasileios Kalivas, Grigorios University of Patras Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318845

This work outlines the design and the performance of a mm-wave push-push cross-coupled voltage- controlled oscillator (VCO) utilizing a frequency doubler in 40nm CMOS technology. The extraction of the second harmonic is performed non-intrusively through the utilization of a transformer from the tail of the fundamental frequency VCO. The primary side serves a dual purpose, functioning both as a filter for the second harmonic and as a balun simultaneously. The circuit employs a MOS varactor along with a four-bit binary weighed capacitor bank to achieve frequency tuning. The integrated VCO spans a broad tuning range of 12.34 GHz, covering frequencies from 52.55 to 64.89 GHz. Simulated phase noise (PN) remains below -97.4 dBc/Hz at a 1 MHz frequency offset within all bands, while power dissipation, including the output stage, is 19.8 mW from a 1.1-Volt supply. Simulated output power consistently exceeds -21 dBm in all frequency bands. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Variable frequency oscillators

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Proposed 3D chaos-based medical image cryptosystem for secure cloud-IoMT eHealth communication services

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第1期15卷 1-28页

作者： El-Shafai, Walid Khallaf, Fatma El-Rabaie, El-Sayed M. El-Samie, Fathi E. Abd Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Ahram Canadian University Giza 6th October City Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh84428 Saudi Arabia

Medical image encryption is a mandatory process in various healthcare, Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) and cloud services. This paper provides a robust cryptosystem based on a 3D chaotic map for the medical image encryption in secure IoMT and cloud services. The proposed encryption method depends on a 3D chaotic map. With this map, a nonlinear ciphering process is implemented for pixel value diffusion and position permutation. Five operations are conducted in the suggested cryptosystem on the medical images to be transmitted in order to attain a high security level. These operations are 3D chaos generation, chaos histogram equalization, row rotation, column rotation, and XOR operation. To validate the suggested cryptosystem, different medical images with different characteristics are tested. Moreover, the suggested cryptosystem and more recent state-of-the-art security systems are discussed and analyzed in a comparative study. Different assessment parameters are adopted to assess the suggested cryptosystem, which reveals high security performance. The simulation outcomes show that the suggested cryptosystem is trustworthy. Furthermore, it offers high robustness levels and recommended security levels for utilization in healthcare, IoMT and cloud service applications. It is observed that the amount of average entropy obtained by the proposed 3D chaos cryptosystem is 7.95 which is very close to its best value of 8, and the average NPCR value is 99.62% which is also much close to its supreme value of 99.60%. In addition, all other results scored for the test evaluation parameters on the suggested cryptosystem are superior to those of the traditional security systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022.

关键词： Cryptography

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Electro-Thermal Design: Standardized Hybrid DC Breaker Architecture for Scalable Operation in MVDC Networks

Electro-Thermal Design: Standardized Hybrid DC Breaker Archi...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Jayamaha, Shan Ho, Carl Ngai Man Rajapakse, Athula University of Manitoba Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Winnipeg Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

Hybrid DC Breakers (HCBs) offer an attractive protection solution for the protection of Medium Voltage DC (MVDC) applications. This paper introduces an Active Gate Drive (AGD) based HCB architecture to be employed in MVDC networks, ensuring seamless integration into the network. It facilitates the connection of several IGBTs in series and parallel to match the HCB voltage and current capacities to align with the MVDC network. The performance of the HCB is evaluated based on conduction power loss, dissipated power, and junction temperature of the power electronics used. Experimental results illustrate the dynamic voltage and current-sharing capability of the proposed standardized Active Switch Modules (ASMs) in the HCB. Additionally, the importance of designing the breaker according to the electrical and thermal limitations of IGBTs is highlighted. An experimental study to validate the safe thermal operation of the HCB under nominal conditions is carried out. The capability of the HCB to handle fault current while adhering to the safe thermal limits of the IGBTs is evaluated through a simulation study. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT)

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Classification of Defects in Outdoor Ceramic Insulators using Machine Learning 25

Classification of Defects in Outdoor Ceramic Insulators usin...

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25th International Middle East Power System Conference, MEPCON 2024

作者： Massalkhi, Houssam Lutfi, Abdulla El-Hag, Ayman University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379648

Outdoor ceramic insulators are widely used in both transmission and distribution overhead lines. Many of these insulators either exceeded or approaching the end of their expected life. The failure of outdoor insulators can lead to significant economic losses. Hence, it is paramount to develop non-intrusive techniques to detect the likely hood of outdoor insulators failures. This paper presents a system combining an ultrasonic sensor with a bandwidth between 20-100kHz and a machine learning classification model to detect various defects in ceramic insulators, including internal defects, pollution, and corona. The approach involves extracting both statistical and spectral features from the time-domain ultrasonic signals. Key features are selected using Causality Analysis and Information Gain, focusing on the top 10 most significant features. K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and XGBoost (XGB) have been used as classifiers. The system demonstrates an overall classification accuracy exceeding 93% across four different machine learning models. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Support vector machines

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An A-Φ Formulation Solver in Electromagnetics Based on Discrete Exterior Calculus

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IEEE Journal on Multiscale and Multiphysics Computational Techniques 2023年 8卷 11-21页

作者： Zhang, Boyuan Na, Dong-Yeop Jiao, Dan Chew, Weng Cho Purdue University Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Pohang37673 Korea Republic of

An efficient numerical solver for the A-Φ formulation in electromagnetics based on discrete exterior calculus (DEC) is proposed in this paper. The A-Φ formulation is immune to low-frequency breakdown and ideal for broadband and multi-scale analysis. The generalized Lorenz gauge is used in this paper, which decouples the A equation and the Φ equation. The A-Φ formulation is discretized by using the DEC, which is the discretized version of exterior calculus in differential geometry. In general, DEC can be viewed as a generalized version of the finite difference method, where Stokes' theorem and Gauss's theorem are naturally preserved. Furthermore, compared with finite difference method, where rectangular grids are applied, DEC can be implemented with unstructured mesh schemes, such as tetrahedral meshes. Thus, the proposed DEC A-Φ solver is inherently stable, free of spurious solutions and can capture highly complex structures efficiently. In this paper, the background knowledge about the A-Φ formulation and DEC is introduced, as well as technical details in implementing the DEC A-Φ solver with different boundary conditions. Numerical examples are provided for validation purposes as well. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Electric potential

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