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Deployable 5G emergency networks using software defined radios: a case study

International Journal of Mobile Network Design and Innovation 2024年第1期11卷 11-18页

作者： Omar, Tamer Placentia, Adrien Electrical and Computer Engineering Department California State Polytechnical University PomonaCA91768 United States

In the event of a disaster or emergency, it is not uncommon for the dedicated communication infrastructure to become damaged or weakened. This is not just an inconvenience but rather a monumental problem for first responders or any kind of disaster relief organisations. This study aims at developing a relay system solution for 5G mobile wireless communication networks using Universal Software Radio Peripherals (USRPs) devices and a radio design using GNU Radio software. The benefit of using Software Defined Radios such as the USRP devices is that the user is able to have dynamic modulation implementation based on software rather than hardware. The study results shows a successful transmission and reception of text messages as well as picture messages using the proposed relay system based on using frequency modulation (FM) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation which is a key technology for 5G communication. © 2024 Inderscience Publishers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Software radio

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Learning Flow-Based Disentanglement

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IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems 2024年第2期35卷 2390-2402页

作者： Chien, Jen-Tzung Huang, Sheng-Jhe National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan

Face reenactment aims to generate the talking face images of a target person given by a face image of source person. It is crucial to learn latent disentanglement to tackle such a challenging task through domain mapping between source and target images. The attributes or talking features due to domains or conditions become adjustable to generate target images from source images. This article presents an information-theoretic attribute factorization (AF) where the mixed features are disentangled for flow-based face reenactment. The latent variables with flow model are factorized into the attribute-relevant and attribute-irrelevant components without the need of the paired face images. In particular, the domain knowledge is learned to provide the condition to identify the talking attributes from real face images. The AF is guided in accordance with multiple losses for source structure, target structure, random-pair reconstruction, and sequential classification. The random-pair reconstruction loss is calculated by means of exchanging the attribute-relevant components within a sequence of face images. In addition, a new mutual information flow is constructed for disentanglement toward domain mapping, condition irrelevance, and condition relevance. The disentangled features are learned and controlled to generate image sequence with meaningful interpretation. Experiments on mouth reenactment illustrate the merit of individual and hybrid models for conditional generation and mapping based on the informative AF. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Mapping

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Fast Uncertainty Quantification of Electromechanical Oscillation Frequency on Varying Generator Damping

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 2043-2048页

作者： Yongli Zhu Chanan Singh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77840USA

This letter develops a fast analytical method for uncertainty quantification of electromechanical oscillation frequency due to varying generator dampings. By employing the techniques of matrix determinant reduction, two types of uncertainty analysis are investigated to quantify the impact of the generator damping on electromechanical oscillation frequency, i.e., interval analysis and probabilistic analysis. The proposed analytical frequency estimation formula is verified against conventional methods on two transmission system models. Then, Monte Carlo experiments and interval analysis are respectively conducted to verify the established lower/upper bound formulae and probability distribution formulae. Results demonstrate the accuracy and speed of the proposed method.

关键词： Electromechanical oscillation interval analysis Monte Carlo simulation quadratic eigenvalue problem uncertainty quantification

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Study on the Slope Diffraction from a Planar Material Junction by Using an Approximate UTD Ray Solution 12

Study on the Slope Diffraction from a Planar Material Juncti...

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12th International electrical engineering Congress, iEECON 2024

作者： Saowadee, Montree Akkaraekthalin, Prayoot Lertwiriyaprapa, Titipong Faculty Of Technical Education Department Of Teacher Training In Electrical Engineering Bangkok Thailand Faculty Of Electrical Engineering Department Of Electrical And Computer Engineering Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383591

This work focuses on studying slope diffraction from the canonical configuration of a planar material junction between two thin materials. Slope diffraction becomes particularly crucial when a null pattern of the source is illuminated onto the discontinuity of the geometry, especially in cases where a source, such as a current moment in the x-direction, is mounted on the material's surface. Therefore, this work aims to investigate the effect of slope diffraction in a planar material junction between two thin materials and present the results when a current moment in the x-direction is mounted on the material surface. It's worth mentioning that numerical differentiation of the first-order diffraction coefficient is employed to compute the slope diffraction coefficient and determine the slope-diffracted fields in this study. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Diffraction

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Reward Shaping in Reinforcement Learning of Multi-Objective Safety Critical Systems 20

Reward Shaping in Reinforcement Learning of Multi-Objective ...

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20th CSI International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Signal Processing, AISP 2024

作者： Ravari, Fatemeh Yousefinejad Jalili, Saeed Tarbiat Modares University Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Computer Engineering Department Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383942

Reinforcement learning (RL) depends critically on how well the reward function formulates the aim of the application. In safety-critical systems, several safety properties should be met during the RL process in addition to achieving the primary target. In this paper, we utilize the reward shaping technique to guide the RL algorithm in a way that satisfies the target and safety properties and fulfills other properties, such as efficiency, as much as possible. Reward shaping is a technique to enhance the performance of RL by adding more information to the reward function. Reward shaping functions utilize the system's main target for the base reward signal and add some other reward signals based on other system properties. Suppose each property has its own reward function. In this case, the reward is a vector rather than a scalar value, and the original reinforcement learning approach converts to multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL). In MORL, one scalarized objective can be defined by fusing several objectives. This paper proposes an aggregation method based on prioritized aggregation operators for scalarizing multiple reward functions. We illustrate our method with two case studies: cart-pole with an obstacle and lunar-lander. The simulation results show that our method guides the RL algorithm to converge to optimal policies faster than existing approaches. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Halo reduction multi-exposure image fusion technique

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第13期84卷 12347-12370页

作者： Sharif, Rizwan Amin, Benish Sukhia, Komal Nain Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan

Multi-exposure image fusion (MEF) involves combining images captured at different exposure levels to create a single, well-exposed fused image. MEF has a wide range of applications, including low light, low contrast, night photography, medical imaging, and remote sensing. However, MEF methods often face issues like artifacts, halos around edges, color inconsistencies, noise amplification, and difficulty in preserving fine details. Moreover, assessing the quality of fused images objectively is complex due to the subjective nature of human perception. Solving the challenges is essential to developing efficient MEF techniques that produce high-quality results across various scenarios. The proposed technique introduces an approach to handling halo artifacts and implementing MEF. The Dense Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (DSIFT) is used to capture vital information about image brightness, texture, and edges from source images. Three weight maps are computed from the local mean, signal strength, and the global gradient for initial weight estimation. The local mean represents the brightness of specific image areas, signal strength preserves essential details like textures and edges while reducing image noise, and global gradient helps identify regions with significant pixel value shifts across multiple exposure images. The weight maps are then combined using a weighted average and a Gaussian smoothing filter is applied to reduce inherent noise and discontinuities in the original weights. Subsequently, pyramid decomposition is performed to generate a fused image. The efficiency of the proposed method is extensively tested on challenging multi-exposure image sequences. The results of the proposed approach demonstrate its superiority in both subjective evaluation and objective metrics like the MEF-Structural Similarity Index (MEF-SSIM), Natural Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE) and Gradient based performance measure (QAB/f). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer

关键词： Image fusion

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Designing an IT2 Fuzzy Rule-based System for Emotion Recognition Using Biological Data 14

Designing an IT2 Fuzzy Rule-based System for Emotion Recogni...

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14th International Conference on computer and Knowledge engineering, ICCKE 2024

作者： Keshtkar, Mahsa Tahayori, Hooman Department of Computer Science and Engineering IT School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Shiraz University Shiraz Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331511272

— In recent years, significant efforts have been dedicated to detect human emotions. This interest primarily stems from the fact that emotions influence individuals' reactions and behaviors. Understanding these impacts can be beneficial in various fields, ranging from developing healthcare surveillance systems for the elderly to identifying adverse emotions in those engaged in high-stakes occupations, such as pilots, sailors, and long-haul truckers. This paper presents a solution based on the application of interval type two fuzzy sets and systems to detect individuals' emotions using their physiological signals. The physiological signals on the same emotion varies from person to person and even for the same person in different situations. This variability has led us to employ interval type-2 fuzzy sets. We defined five footprints of uncertainty for each physiological signal to cover its whole range and employed instance selection technique to optimize the rule base. We develop a rule-based fuzzy system that employs the fewest feasible number of rules for the purpose of emotion recognition. In order to enhance the comprehensibility of the system, we have also utilized a minimal set of features in the construction of the rules. This study implemented on physiological signals from the K-EmoCon dataset. Obtained results shows that the proposed method outperform other existing method with lower computational complexity. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fuzzy rules

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A Fast FPGA Hardware Accelerator for Remote Heart Rate Detection Based on RGB Vision

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IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 2024年第3期18卷 592-607页

作者： Hsu, Jen-Yi Jiang, Ting-Yin Chao, Paul C.-P. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

A fast hardware accelerator is created by this work via field programmable gate array (FPGA) to estimate heart rate (HR) through the video recorded by a RGB camera based on the technology of remote photoplethysmography (rPPG). The method of rPPG acquires physiological signals of a human body by analyzing the subtle color changes on the surface of the human skin. The hardware implementation of rPPG to estimate HR is proposed herein to aim for a much faster calculation speed than software for a number of applications, like heart failure pre-warning of an in-action athlete and drowsiness detection of a driver. In this accelerator, ICA (Independent Component Analysis) is used to recover the blood volume pulse from the raw signals of remote PPG, and then obtain the heart rate value. The architecture of the hardware circuit is described in Verilog HDL and verified by Quartus II, and also implemented in an Altera DE10-Standard FPGA board, which consists of image capture, heart rate algorithm and image display. A TRDB-D5M camera is utilized for image capture. Two experiments were conducted with image collecting duration of 16 seconds and 8 seconds respectively, and the commercial device Omron HEM-6111 was used as the golden value. The proposed system achieves an accuracy in (ME ± 1.96SD) of -0.76 ± 5.09 and -0.70 ± 8.71 bpm in the short periods of 16-second and 8-second versions, respectively, which outperforms all the reported prior works in combined computation time and accuracy. © 2007-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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Capacitor voltage unbalance minimization for three-phase five-level diode-clamped inverter using hexagonal hysteresis space vector modulation

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MULTISCALE AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY MODELING EXPERIMENTS AND DESIGN 2024年第2期7卷 661-671页

作者： Ramkumar, R. Singh, Manmohan Ramkumar, R. Usha, S. Thentral, T. M. Thamizh Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chengalpattu India Department of Computer Engineering and Application GLA University Mathura India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering School of Engineering and Technology Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan University Trichy India Department of Renewable Energy University of Maroua National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

This article suggests a method for diminishing the voltage unbalance in a three-phase five-level diode-clamped inverter (DCI) through the use of hexagonal hysteresis space vector modulation (HHSVM). Capacitor voltage balancing leads to enhanced system efficiency, reduced stress on components, enhanced performance, abridged electromagnetic interference, and reduced total harmonic distortion. The proposed modulation technique and its implementation are thoroughly examined in this study, along with modeling and experiment data that show how efficient the method is at lowering the capacitor voltage unbalance in the proposed five-level DCI. Capacitor voltage unbalance is reduced with the use of this HHSVM approach to 0.95%, which is a superior reduction compared to traditional PWM methods. The paper also discusses the advantages of the proposed method over other existing methods, making it a promising solution for practical applications in power electronics systems.

关键词： Diode-clamped inverter (DCI) Capacitor voltage balancing Hexagonal hysteresis space vector modulation (HHSVM) Total harmonic distortion

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Novel Symmetric/Asymmetric Generalized Multilevel Inverter Based on T-Type With Reduced Switch Count 16

Novel Symmetric/Asymmetric Generalized Multilevel Inverter B...

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16th Annual Power Electronics, Drive Systems, and Technologies Conference, PEDSTC 2025

作者： Seifi, Ali Nadermohammadi, Ali Hosseini, Seyed-Hossein Hagh, Mehrdad Tarafdar Hosseinpour, Majid University of Tabriz Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tabriz Iran University of Mohaghegh Ardabili Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ardabil Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533946

A sinusoidal voltage with excellent quality and total harmonic distortion (THD) is produced using multi-level inverters (MLI). The idea of MLI was introduced by some traditional designs, but their drawbacks - such as the quantity of DC sources and switching components and their low THD - made the inverter more expensive and larger. With fewer switches, the suggested MLI can get around these restrictions. The suggested structure contains less switching devices, drivers, and total standing voltage (TSV) as compared to MLI architectures. The T-Type inverter has been enhanced in the suggested construction. An enhanced H -bridge and two T-type inverters are combined in the suggested configuration. Two symmetrical diodes make up the T-type inverter that makes up the suggested configuration. To prove the superiority of the suggested structure, we compare it with different structures. Lastly, we use nearest level modulation (NLM) to show the simulation results under different loads. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Harmonic distortion

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