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Physical Mechanism Enabled Neural Network for Power system Dynamic Security Assessment

CSEE Journal of Power and Energy systems 2024年第6期10卷 2296-2307页

作者： Guozheng Wang Jianbo Guo Shicong Ma Kui Luo Xi Zhang Qinglai Guo Shixiong Fan Tiezhu Wang Weilin Hou Department of Power System China Electric Power Research InstituteBeijing 100192China School of Automation Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Data-driven artificial intelligence technologies have emerged as increasingly fascinating tools for assessing power system ***,their inherent mechanism of inexplicability and unreliability now limits their scalability in power *** address this problem,this paper proposes a neural network design method empowered by physical mechanisms for power system security *** incorporates geometric characteristics of dynamic security regions into the network training process and constructs connections between network structure and system's unstable mode,which can perform security assessment with a neural network efficiently while ensuring physical ***,a credibility evaluation mechanism is established to ensure credibility of neural network predictions and reduce ***,effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on test *** and considerations in building a neural network with interpretable structures and credible predictions can provide a reference for machine intelligence applied in other industrial systems.

关键词： Credibility index machine intelligence neural network structure physical properties power system security assessment

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Observation and verification of surface electrical explosion driven by radial-distributed pulsed current in laboratory lightning strike test

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 137-149页

作者： Ruoyu Han Yuchen Cao Yakun Liu Xi Chen Ting Li Chen Li Pengfei Li State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina School of Mechatronical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingChina Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina Beijing Institute of Astronautical System Engineering BeijingChina Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology BeijingChina

The laboratory lightning test is essential for assessing the effectiveness of lightning strike protection(LSP).Particularly,direct lightning strike damage can be performed with pulsed current injection into the *** paper focuses on the dynamic process of arc plasma and shock wave behaviour in the vicinity of the‘strike’point.A rod-plate discharge load is built for testing aluminium and coated plate under 40-kA-level pulsed *** visualisation of the luminous discharge plasma and its flow field via high-speed photography(from different angles)is meticulously designed and implemented,synchronised with electro-physical *** results indicate some new mechanisms for lightning strike damage,apart from the impulse heat loading from the thermal *** transient current injection through the arc root concentrates on a thin skin layer(skin-depth effect),with the radial-attenuated current density,driving asynchronously electrical explosions on the plate *** inhomogeneous Joule heating of the plate leads to outwardly propagating phase transition and shock wave along the conductive *** addition,the electro-thermal instability is observed and regarded as the seed of irregular erosion *** information reveals two different plasma states of main discharge arc channel and adjacent surface electrical *** correspondence of the physical mechanism of electrical explosion and optical radiation is *** images for different regions depict erosion characteristics and summarise influencing factors,further confirming the mechanism *** research clarifies the role of skin-depth effect in transaction arc erosion for electrode,complements the electrical explosion theory with unevenly distributed current and helps optimise strategies of LSP.

关键词： electrical lightning radial

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Electricity Market-Clearing with Extreme Events

IEEE Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation 2024年第2期3卷 194-208页

作者： Tapia, Tomas Liang, Zhiriu Konstantinou, Charalambos Dvorkin, Yury Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA Department of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Makkah Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Civil and System Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA

Extreme events jeopardize power network operations, causing beyond-design failures and massive supply interruptions. Existing market designs fail to internalize and systematically assess the risk of extreme and rare events. Efficiently maintaining the reliability of renewable-dominant power systems during extreme weather events requires co-optimizing system resources, while differentiating between large/rare and small/frequent deviations from forecast conditions. To address this gap in both research and practice, we propose managing the uncertainties associated with extreme weather events through an additional reserve service, termed extreme reserve. The procurement of extreme reserve is co-optimized with energy and regular reserve using a large deviation theory chance-constrained (LDT-CC) model, where LDT offers a mathematical framework to quantify the increased uncertainty during extreme events. To mitigate the high additional costs associated with reserve scheduling under the LDT-CC model, we also propose an LDT model based on weighted chance constraints (LDT-WCC). This model prepares the power system for extreme events at a lower cost, making it a less conservative alternative to the LDTCC model. The proposed market design leads to a competitive equilibrium while ensuring cost recovery. Numerical experiments on an illustrative system and a modified 8-zone ISO New England system highlight the advantages of the proposed market design. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Weather forecasting

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Efficient economic operation based on load dispatch of power systems using a leader white shark optimization algorithm

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第18期36卷 10613-10635页

作者： Hassan, Mohamed H. Kamel, Salah Selim, Ali Shaheen, Abdullah Yu, Juan El-Sehiemy, Ragab Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy Cairo Egypt Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Aswan University Aswan81542 Egypt Department of Electrical Power Engineering Faculty of Engineering Suez University Suez43533 Egypt State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology College of Electrical Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh33516 Egypt

This article proposes the use of a leader white shark optimizer (LWSO) with the aim of improving the exploitation of the conventional white shark optimizer (WSO) and solving the economic operation-based load dispatch (ELD) problem. The ELD problem is a crucial aspect of power system operation, involving the allocation of power generation resources to meet the demand while minimizing operational costs. The proposed approach aims to enhance the performance and efficiency of the WSO by introducing a leadership mechanism within the optimization process, which aids in more effectively navigating the complex ELD solution space. The LWSO achieves increased exploitation by utilizing a leader-based mutation selection throughout each generation of white sharks. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is tested on 13 engineer benchmarks non-convex optimization problems from CEC 2020 and compared with recent metaheuristic algorithms such as dung beetle optimizer (DBO), conventional WSO, fox optimizer (FOX), and moth-flame optimization (MFO) algorithms. The LWSO is also used to address the ELD problem in different case studies (6 units, 10 units, 11 units, and 40 units), with 20 separate runs using the proposed LWSO and other competitive algorithms being statistically assessed to demonstrate its effectiveness. The results show that the LWSO outperforms other metaheuristic algorithms, achieving the best solution for the benchmarks and the minimum fuel cost for the ELD problem. Additionally, statistical tests are conducted to validate the competitiveness of the LWSO algorithm. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Electric load dispatching

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Enhanced Tube-Based Event-Triggered Stochastic Model Predictive Control With Additive Uncertainties

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第3期12卷 596-605页

作者： Chenxi Gu Xinli Wang Kang Li Xiaohong Yin Shaoyuan Li Lei Wang the School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University IEEE the School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds the Qingdao University of Science and Technology the Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University the Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China

This paper proposes an event-triggered stochastic model predictive control for discrete-time linear time-invariant(LTI) systems under additive stochastic disturbances. It first constructs a probabilistic invariant set and a probabilistic reachable set based on the priori knowledge of system *** with enhanced robust tubes, the chance constraints are then formulated into a deterministic form. To alleviate the online computational burden, a novel event-triggered stochastic model predictive control is developed, where the triggering condition is designed based on the past and future optimal trajectory tracking errors in order to achieve a good trade-off between system resource utilization and control performance. Two triggering parameters σ and γ are used to adjust the frequency of solving the optimization problem. The probabilistic feasibility and stability of the system under the event-triggered mechanism are also examined. Finally, numerical studies on the control of a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning(HVAC) system confirm the efficacy of the proposed control.

关键词： Event-triggered mechanism heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) control probabilistic reachable set stochastic model predictive control

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Effect of Testing Temperature Gradients on Dielectric Polarization Parameters of Transformer Oil-paper Insulation

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IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and electrical Insulation 2024年第3期32卷 1460-1467页

作者： Zhou, Jiacheng Liu, Jiefeng Jiang, Zaijun Gong, Heyan Fan, Xianhao Lin, Yongqing Wang, Qian Gao, Bing Guangxi University Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System O Ptimization and Energy Technology China Tsinghua University Department of Electrical Engineering Beijing100084 China Hunan University College of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha410082 China

Frequency domain spectroscopy (FDS) plays an important role in analyzing the aging state of power transformer oil-paper insulation and ensuring the stability of power systems. However, in existing research, the oil-paper insulation's FDS is collected under a uniform testing temperature field, overlooking the impact of testing temperature gradients existing in actual transformers. To address this issue, the FDS of oil-paper insulation samples is measured under various temperature gradients. Subsequently, logarithmic-derivative spectroscopy (LDS) is obtained from the measured FDS, and an improved equation is proposed to fit the LDS and extract four polarization parameters related to the oil-paper insulation's aging state. Furthermore, the changing patterns of the above parameters are analyzed at a microscopic scale based on the dielectric relaxation theory, and the quantitative equations between each polarization parameter and testing temperature gradients are established. To validate the accuracy of established equations, new samples are prepared and the calculated relative error in each parameter is less than 15%. Finally, this research provides a potential method for eliminating the impact of testing temperature gradients on oil-paper insulation's FDS. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Oil filled transformers

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Effect of individual atmospheric parameters on beam spreading of higher-order Gaussian beam

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2024年第12期56卷 1-18页

作者： kumar, Mukesh Khandelwal, Arpit Azeemuddin, Syed Center for VLSI and Embedded System Technologies International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad India Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Behrend College Penn State University EriePA United States

The beam spreading is essential for evaluating the higher-order Gaussian beam when it propagates through atmospheric turbulence. In this paper, we investigate the impact of individual atmospheric parameters such as jitter, turbulence, wind speed, and thermal blooming on beam spreading of Hermite Gaussian (HG), and Laguerre Gaussian (LG) beams. We also examine spot size variations due to beam quality on various HG and LG modes. It is seen that the impact of spreading caused by beam quality and turbulence is higher than that of jitter, wind speed, and thermal blooming. As the mode order increases, the effect of turbulence strength increases, leading to more spread for HG and LG beams. Spreading due to diffraction and beam quality on higher mode LG beam is higher than the HG beam in different modes. Beam spreading due to thermal blooming for the lower mode is higher compared to the higher mode for LG and HG beams. The sensitivity of higher mode LG beams to turbulence distortions is greater than HG beams as they experience more significant fractional increases in their spot size due to turbulence. The combined beam spread for the Laguerre Gaussian beam is larger than the Hermite Gaussian beam. This paper aims to understand better individual beam spreading in the atmosphere and its impact on the overall performance of higher-order laser propagation to develop optimized laser systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Gaussian beams

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Impact of Process-Induced Inclined Side-Walls on Gate Leakage Current of Nanowire GAA MOSFETs

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IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 2024年第3期71卷 2196-2202页

作者： Maniyar, Ashraf Raj, Pushp Srinivas, P.S.T.N. Kumar, Arun Chang-Liao, Kuei-Shu Tiwari, Pramod Kumar Indian Institute of Technology Patna Department of Electrical Engineering Bihar Patna801106 India Vellore Institute of Technology School of Electronics Engineering Vellore801106 India National Institute of Technology Silchar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Silchar788010 India National Tsing Hua University Department of Engineering and System Science Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

In this work, the influence of process-induced sidewall inclination on direct tunneling gate leakage current (IG) in the trapezoidal (Tz) channel NW GAA MOSFETs has been comprehensively investigated using experimental data and the TCAD simulations results. Variability in device parameters as channel length, height, and width have been taken into account when we examined gate leakage current. The side-wall inclination angle has a significant influence on the gate leakage current, where a rise in IG of up to two times is observed when the inclination angle is increased from 0 to 20. Moreover, it has also been observed that the direct tunneling gate leakage current is significantly influenced by the gate overlap and underlap areas. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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Time-based Equalization Strategy of Parallel Charge Balancing Architecture for Lithium-ion Battery Application

Time-based Equalization Strategy of Parallel Charge Balancin...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Sahoo, Jyotirmaya Ramesh, P. Patra, Amit Mukhopadhyay, Siddhartha Indian Institute of Technology Battery Management and Integrated System Lab Department of Electrical Engineering Kharagpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

Lithium-ion battery packs are prone to charge imbalances due to series configuration and the non-ideal nature of parameter variation. Therefore, a battery management system (BMS) configured with a charge equalization circuit (CEC) carried out the balancing operation, improving the capacity utilization of the battery storage system. A multi-cell-to-multi-cell (MC2MC) balancing architecture provides parallel equalization of each series module with faster balancing than other types. For balancing operation, the cell terminal voltage, state of charge (SOC), or capacity is used as an equalization monitoring variable, which requires additional sensing circuits, limiting real-world implementation in electric vehicles or battery energy storage applications. This paper proposes a Time-based equalization method for the parallel (MC2MC) equalization CEC, reducing the sensing component count for active balancing and the overall BMS sizing. The proposed methodology is validated using a 14.5 V, 10.4 Ah equalization model in the PLECS simulation environment and a 4S4P LCO battery pack in an experimental setup. A sensorless balancing current calculation is validated in this work using a cell series terminal current sensing unit. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： State of charge

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Variable-Frequency PWM Switching of Charge Equalization circuits for Balancing Current Control in Adjacent Cell-to-Cell Architectures

Variable-Frequency PWM Switching of Charge Equalization Circ...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

The charge imbalance in a lithium-ion battery pack is caused by the varying characteristics of cell parameters and their health degradation. A Charge Equalization circuit (CEC) in a Battery Management system (BMS) will enhance the available pack energy using an equalization mechanism to address the imbalance. In the case of adjacent cell-to-cell (AC2C) architecture, some adjacent cells within the imbalanced pack can have an equal charge but participate in pack equalization to achieve the pack-balanced state. This paper proposes an equalization algorithm to improve the switching of AC2C CECs during light load operation, allowing dynamic control of the cell's equalization current. An equalization analysis is performed on a 48 V, 20.8 Ah battery pack model in the PLECS simulation environment, where three types of CECs are used in the comparison analysis: Buck-Boost, Ćuk, and NiDHB. The experimental validation is also performed on an 18 V, 10.4 Ah LCO battery pack using developed BMS with buck-boost AC2C CEC type. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： State of charge

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