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A Proximity-Fed Multi-Band Printed Antenna for Wireless Communication Applications

Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 2024年 145卷 153-165页

作者： Salim, Ali Jabbar. Mohammed, Jabbar K. Al-Saedi, Hussam Ali, Jawad K. Applied Electromagnetic Research Group Department of Communication Engineering University of Technology Iraq Department of Electrical Engineering University of Technology Iraq

This paper introduces a new triple-band antenna driven indirectly by a feed line for multiple wireless applications. The structure of this antenna is based on the creation of a set of slots and slits on the ground plane mounted on a substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm. On the other hand, a 50-ohm microstrip feed line has been fixed. It is found that the proposed antenna offers a triple-band fashion with −10 dB impedance bandwidths suitable for most recent wireless applications. The first band extends from 1.6 GHz to 2.8 GHz, which covers LTE bands (1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 10, 23, 24, 25, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39 and 40), 2.4 GHz-Bluetooth, and 2.45 GHz ISM. The second band extends from 3.38 GHz to 3.6 GHz, which covers most WiMAX applications, while the third band reconciles 5.8 GHz-ITS and 2.4/5.8 GHz-WLAN. A prototype of the proposed antenna has been successfully simulated, fabricated, and measured. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microstrip antennas

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A Compact Dual-Band Dual-Polarized Antenna Based on Modified Minkowski Fractal

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 2024年 140卷 11-19页

作者： Yassen, Mahmood T. Salim, Ali J. Hussan, Mohammed R. Ali, Jawad K. Microwave Research Group Department of Electrical Engineering University of Technology Iraq Applied Electromagnetic Group Department of Communication Engineering University of Technology Iraq

The polarization of the received signals can be effectively matched regardless of the orientation of the receiving antenna using circularly polarized antennas. A compact printed monopole antenna with a circular ring patch is presented in this paper. The proposed antenna will be able to provide two polarization states: linear and circular. The employment of a modified Minkowski fractal with 1st iteration construction on an open circular ring supports a circularly polarized band having a center frequency of 1.812 GHz and fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 20.033%. The upper band is achieved with a linearly polarized wave having a center frequency of 3.386 GHz and a fractional bandwidth of 11.399%. The proposed antenna is fed by an ungrounded co-planar waveguide (UCPW), enhanced with an impedance transformer to match at 50 Ohms with the characteristic impedance. The ground planes around the feed line are defected by ground structures to improve the antenna gain. The fabrication and measurement of the proposed antenna prototype are presented to validate the theoretical results. Measured results support the theoretical findings well. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Receiving antennas

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Onfire 2023 Contest: what did we learn about real time fire detection from cameras?

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2025年第1期16卷 253-264页

作者： Gragnaniello, Diego Greco, Antonio Sansone, Carlo Vento, Bruno Department of Information and Electrical Engineering and Applied Mathematics University of Salerno Fisciano Italy Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Napoli Federico II Naples Italy

Several methods for fire detection from camera streams have been proposed in recent years. While traditional techniques often emphasize recall, they frequently neglect critical factors such as minimizing false positives, ensuring timely alarm notifications and optimizing performance for devices with limited computational resources. The ONFIRE 2023 contest evaluates various approaches for detecting fire using smart cameras and establishes new evaluation metrics to measure precision, recall, notification promptness, processing speed and resource utilization. The eight participating teams received a training set that integrated all publicly available video datasets and were evaluated on a private test set. The latter includes positive samples where fire is not present at the beginning of the clip, as well as negative samples featuring moving fire-like objects. In this paper, we provide an overview of the competition’s dataset and review the proposed solutions, highlighting the winning approach, the limitations of existing datasets and the evaluation metrics used. By analyzing the results of the competition, we propose possible design choices and future directions that may help to reduce the false positive rate while preserving accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Fires

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Intelligent energy management strategy for hybrid electric vehicles using reinforcement learning

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Australian Journal of electrical and Electronics engineering 2024年第1期21卷 1-10页

作者： Devaraj, Tintu Beena Kottoor, Charu Navaneeth Raveendran Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Kerala Technological University Kerala Thiruvananthapuram India Department of Applied Technology Institute of Applied Technology Al Ain United Arab Emirates

Predicting the performance of a Hybrid EV (Electric Vehicle) is significant to alleviate the complications of insufficient fuel and other battery-related problems that affect the driving capacity. Many energy management techniques with ML (Machine Learning) and DL (Deep Learning) methodologies have been deployed in predicting the operation of vehicles based on energy sources and their features. Still, it is being noticed that prediction errors have increased along with the increase or decrease of input data. To solve the challenges addressed in existing studies, the proposed approach intends to use both ML and DL to predict faults from battery features that considerably manage the energy. It is accomplished through efficient feature extraction employed by Bi-LSTM (Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory), which extracts the best energy features required for predicting the defects. From the extracted input features collected hourly, daily, and monthly from the dataset, classification is done using the Modified XGBoost Algorithm with Empirical Loss function. Normal and Abnormal functioning of the Hybrid EV is classified effectively. Followed by that, the prediction of improper functioning is made with the assistance of the vehicle Id to maximise the vehicle’s performance through consideration of battery constraints. Experimentation is performed with MATLAB simulation, and the performance of the proposed system is evaluated using error metrics like RMSE (Root Mean Square Error), MAE (Mean Absolute Error), MSE (Mean Square Error), and accuracy. Efficiency is exhibited through the minimum loss obtained through the proposed work. From analysis of comparing LSTM method with proposed model, it is found that the LSTM method produced RMSE value of 1.055% which is 0.84% reduced in proposed model. On the other hand, the MAE of LSTM is 0.826% and the proposed model is decreased with 0.174%. Further, the MSE of LSTM is 1.113% and is 0.69% reduced in proposed model. ©, Engineers Aust

关键词： Long short-term memory

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A transfer-learning-based robust technique for multi-type fault detection and classification using Hilbert–Huang transform in low-voltage power distribution grids

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第26期36卷 16125-16139页

作者： Rasouli-Eshghabad, Jalal Shivaie, Mojtaba Weinsier, Philip D. Department of Electrical Engineering Shahrood University of Technology Shahrood Iran Department of Applied Electrical Engineering Bowling Green State University Firelands HuronOH United States

In this paper, the authors present a new transfer-learning-based robust technique for detection and classification of multi-type faults in low-voltage power distribution grids. Three-phase current and voltage signals were initially measured and sampled at a medium-voltage/low-voltage substation upon occurrence of a certain type of fault. Subsequently, a Hilbert–Huang transform was applied to the corresponding sampled fault signals to construct a time–frequency energy matrix as a 35×35 pixel matrix of the digital image after passing through a band-pass filter. Additionally, and for the sake of comprehensiveness, a residual network (ResNet) was designed as a fault detector and classifier to accurately identify the location and type of faults, while guaranteeing the robustness of the proposed technique against both white and connection noises. For the sake of evaluation, a three-phase 10 kV test system was implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink environment under different faulty operating conditions designs. The performance of the introduced technique was also examined in the Python environment. Based on simulation results, several conclusions can be drawn: (i) The ResNet outshines the neural architecture search network, Inception, and Xception by elevating the average accuracy by 2.23%;(ii) the ResNet-101 model is robust against white Gaussian noise and electromagnetic interference with values of 20, 30, and 40 dB;(iii) the proposed technique enhances functional coverage up to a radius of 30 km for fault detection along 14 points in the test system;and (iv) in the presence of distributed energy resources, the proposed technique is superior to other network architectures with an average of 5.44%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Hilbert-Huang transform

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Selection of Wind Turbine Systems for the Sultanate of Oman

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Computer Systems Science & engineering 2023年第4期45卷 343-359页

作者： M.A.A.Younis Anas Quteishat Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sohar UniversitySultanate of Oman Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering TechnologyAl-Balqa Applied UniversityAl-SaltJordan

The Sultanate of Oman has been dealing with a severe renewable energy issue for the past few decades,and the government has struggled to find a *** addition,Oman’s strategy for converting power generation to sources of renewable energy includes a goal of 60 percent of national energy demands being met by renewables by 2040,including solar and wind ***,the use of small-scale energy from wind devices has been on the rise in recent *** upward trend is attributed to advancements in wind turbine technology,which have lowered the cost of energy from *** calculate the internal and external factors that affect the small-scale energy of wind technologies,the study used a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process technique for order of preference by similarity to an ideal *** a result,in the decision model,four criteria,seventeen sub-criteria,and three resources of renewable energy were calculated as options from the viewpoint of the Sultanate of *** research is based on an examination of statistics on energy produced by wind turbines at various locations in the Sultanate of ***,six distinct miniature wind turbines were investigated for four different *** outcomes of this study indicate that the tiny wind turbine has a lot of potential in the Sultanate of Oman for applications such as homes,schools,college campuses,irrigation,greenhouses,communities,and small *** government should also use renewable energy resources to help with the renewable energy issue and make sure that the country has enough renewable energy for its long-term growth.

关键词： Multi criteria decision making model fuzzy theory fuzzy sets renewable energy wind turbine supplier selection

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Suppression and synchronization of chaos in uncertain time-delay physical system

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applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第3期39卷 416-437页

作者： Israr Ahmad Muhammad Shafiq Department of Preparatory Studies Centre University of Technology and Applied SciencesNizwaOman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityOman

The mechanical horizontal platform(MHP)system exhibits a rich chaotic *** chaotic MHP system has applications in the earthquake and offshore *** article proposes a robust adaptive continuous control(RACC)*** investigates the control and synchronization of chaos in the uncertain MHP system with time-delay in the presence of unknown state-dependent and time-dependent *** closed-loop system contains most of the nonlinear terms that enhance the complexity of the dynamical system;it improves the efficiency of the *** proposed RACC approach(a)accomplishes faster convergence of the perturbed state variables(synchronization errors)to the desired steady-state,(b)eradicates the effect of unknown state-dependent and time-dependent disturbances,and(c)suppresses undesirable chattering in the feedback control *** paper describes a detailed closed-loop stability analysis based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory and Lyapunov stability *** provides parameter adaptation laws that confirm the convergence of the uncertain parameters to some constant *** computer simulation results endorse the theoretical findings and provide a comparative performance.

关键词： chaotic horizontal platform system chaos suppression chaos synchronization robust adaptive control Lyapunov stability theory

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A 4-Port Broadband High-Isolated MIMO Antenna for Wireless Communication

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Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 2024年 142卷 119-130页

作者： Ali, Ayyaz Rasool, Maryam Zahid, Muhammad Zeeshan Rashid, Imran Siddique, Adil Masood Maqsood, Moazzam Bhatti, Farooq Ahmad Department of Electrical Engineering Military College of Signals National University of Sciences and Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Pak–Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology KPK Haripur Pakistan

This article proposes a versatile Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna designed for contemporary wireless systems spanning frequencies from 3 to 20 GHz. It serves applications such as 5G mobile, WiFi, WiFi-6E, X-band, partial Ku, and K-band. The original single-element antenna evolves into a 4 × 4 MIMO configuration with optimized ground plane modifications for enhanced performance. A decoupling structure achieves over 20 dB isolation between inter-elements. The feeding structure, featuring a gradually changing design connected to the antenna’s radiating structure, achieves wide bandwidth characteristics. This is further improved by a partial ground structure and slots on the radiating element. The lower frequency band of 3 to 7 GHz is attained with a rectangle-shaped radiator, while semi-circular microstrip lines atop the radiator enable the higher frequency bands of 8 to 15.4 and 18.7 to 20 GHz. The slots and ground structure enhance impedance bandwidth, and semicircles improve the radiation pattern. The MIMO antenna demonstrates measured peak gains of 6.23 dBi at 11.5 GHz, maintaining a radiation efficiency exceeding 80%. Validation through metrics like ECC, DG, CCL, and TARC confirms strong agreement between simulated and experimental results, positioning the MIMO antenna as a robust choice for various wireless communication applications. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Radiators

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Evaluation of Morphological and Optical Properties of Ag, Au, and Ag@Au Nanoparticles Synthesized via Laser Ablation

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Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing 2024年第4期11卷 931-945页

作者： Abass, Noor al-huda A. Jawad, Muslim F. Haider, Adawiya J. Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Baghdad Iraq Applied Sciences Department/ Laser Branch University of Technology Baghdad Iraq

This work concentrates on Ag, Au, Au@ Ag, and Ag@ Au nanoparticles in various configurations produced through pulsed laser ablation at a wavelength of 532 nm, examining various configurations generated at different laser fluences. The characterization of the materials employs several testing methods, including photoluminescence (PL), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The characterization results indicate that the Au@Ag and Ag@Au nanoparticles exhibit transmission absorption peaks at 500 nm and 400 nm, respectively. Meanwhile, UV-Vis spectroscopy shows peak absorption at 490 nm for Au and 400 nm for Ag. Additionally, TEM reveals average diameters of Ag, Au, Ag@ Au, and Au@ Ag core-shell nanoparticles is based on their average diameters of 14.58 nm, 18.34 nm, and Core-shell (97.31–96.35) nm, respectively. While the particle sizes of the Au NPs, Ag NPs, Ag@ Au, and Au@ Ag measured using DLS were 82 nm, 57.3 nm, 204.6 nm, and 156.8 nm respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Energy dispersive spectroscopy

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A data encryption technology for serial communication of multi degree of freedom manipulator based on chaotic sequence

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International Journal of Internet Manufacturing and Services 2023年第1期9卷 32-43页

作者： Zhang, Yan-Qin Shi, Xiao-Xing Qu, Yunqing Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shijiazhuang University of Applied Technology Shijiazhuang050081 China

In order to effectively improve the security of serial communication data encryption of manipulator and shorten the encryption time, a multi degree of freedom serial communication data encryption technology of manipulator based on chaotic sequence is proposed. The serial communication data of the manipulator is obtained by using the logistic chaotic map, and the chaotic sequence of the communication data is generated. Based on the binary sequence generated by the logistic chaotic map, the serial communication data encryption key of each wheel is generated. The serial communication data obtained is forward XOR or reverse XOR with the sub key to realise the serial communication data encryption of the mechanical arm. The experimental results show that the maximum value of the cross-correlation function of the proposed method is closer to 0, and the data encryption time is only 15.2 s, which effectively improves the security of data encryption. Copyright © 2023 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Manipulators

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