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2023 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2023

作者： Sun, Yue Bai, Hua Cui, Han Costinett, Daniel Tolbert, Leon M. Wang, Fei Fred Kusch, Ruediger Mainka, Hendrik Foote, Andrew The University of Tennessee Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KnoxvilleTN United States Volkswagen Group Ag Volkswagen Group Components Lower Saxony Wolfsburg Germany Volkswagen Group of America Inc Innovation Hub Knoxville KnoxvilleTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316445

This paper, to the best knowledge of the authors, for the first time reports the packaging of a 100kW three-level active neutral point clamped (3L-ANPC) phase leg power module for electric vehicle (EV) traction inverter applications using 650V/150A e-mode gallium nitride high-electron-mobility transistors (GaN HEMTs). Compared with two-level (2L) half bridge power module, the main challenges of packaging a 3L-ANPC phase leg power module are high number of switches (6 switches vs 2 switches) and multiple commutation loops (1 commutation loop vs 4 commutation loops). In addition, there are four switches involved in the two long commutation loops. Those parasitic loop inductances must be minimized simultaneously. Those challenges are addressed by meticulous packaging of the power module, featuring low power loop inductances, double-sided cooled power module, low junction-to-coolant thermal resistance, symmetrical layout for the two parallel dies of each switch and mechanical robustness, etc. The simulated loop inductances are 1.92nH for the short loops and 5.21nH for the long loops, respectively;resulting in a 471V and 540V of turn-off voltage spikes in a double pulse test simulation at 400V/200A. The simulated junction-to-coolant thermal resistances are 0.37°C/W and 0.53°C/W for different switches, respectively. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： 3L-ANPC double-sided cooling EV traction inverter GaN packaging power module

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Investigation on Structures of Axial Gap Type Magnetic Multiple Spur Gear for In-Wheel Motor System of Electric Vehicle

Investigation on Structures of Axial Gap Type Magnetic Multi...

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2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, Asia-Pacific, ITEC Asia-Pacific 2023

作者： Kamijo, Taiga Aiso, Kohei Akatsu, Kan Aoyama, Yasuaki Shibaura Institute of Technology Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Tokyo Japan Shibaura Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Tokyo Japan Yokohama National University Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering Department of Faculty of Engineering Yokohama Japan Center for Technology Innovation - Materials Hitachi Ltd. Research & Development Group Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314274

A novel drive system using Magnetic Multiple Spur Gear (MMSG) and multiple high-speed motors is characterized by small size, lightweight, and high efficiency even at high-speed region, it is expected to apply to in-wheel motor systems. However, there is a risk of contact between the rotors when applied to in-wheel motor system. In this study, a novel axial-gap MMSG is proposed to solve this problem, stabilize the air gap between the high-speed and low-speed rotors, and effectively utilize the magnets, and its performance is evaluated by finite element analysis. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electric vehicles

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A New Finite-Horizon Dynamic Programming Analysis of Nonanticipative Rate-Distortion Function for Markov Sources

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： He, Zixuan Charalambous, Charalambos D. Stavrou, Photios A. The Foundation and Algorithm Group Communication Systems Department EURECOM France The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Cyprus

This paper deals with the computation of a non-asymptotic lower bound by means of the nonanticipative rate-distortion function (NRDF) on the discrete-time zero-delay variable-rate lossy compression problem for discrete Markov sources with per-stage, single-letter distortion. First, we derive a new information structure of the NRDF for Markov sources and single-letter distortions. Second, we derive new convexity results on the NRDF, which facilitate the use of Lagrange duality theorem to cast the problem as an unconstrained partially observable finite-time horizon stochastic dynamic programming (DP) algorithm subject to a probabilistic state (belief state) that summarizes the past information about the reproduction symbols and takes values in a continuous state space. Instead of approximating the DP algorithm directly, we use Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions to find an implicit closed-form expression of the optimal control policy of the stochastic DP (i.e., the minimizing distribution of the NRDF) and approximate the control policy and the cost-to-go function (a function of the rate) stage-wise, via a novel dynamic alternating minimization (AM) approach, that is realized by an offline algorithm operating using backward recursions, with provable convergence guarantees. We obtain the clean values of the aforementioned quantities using an online (forward) algorithm operating for any finite-time horizon. Our methodology provides an approximate solution to the exact NRDF solution, which becomes near-optimal as the search space of the belief state becomes sufficiently large at each time stage. We corroborate our theoretical findings with simulation studies where we apply our algorithms assuming time-varying and time-invariant binary Markov processes. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Self-Supervised Learning Using Nonlinear Dependence

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Sepanj, M. Hadi Ghojogh, Benyamin Fieguth, Paul Vision and Image Processing Group Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo ON Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo ON Canada

Self-supervised learning has gained significant attention in contemporary applications, particularly due to the scarcity of labeled data. While existing SSL methodologies primarily address feature variance and linear correlations, they often neglect the intricate relations between samples and the nonlinear dependencies inherent in complex data. In this paper, we introduce Correlation-Dependence Self-Supervised Learning (CDSSL), a novel framework that unifies and extends existing SSL paradigms by integrating both linear correlations and nonlinear dependencies, encapsulating sample-wise and feature-wise interactions. Our approach incorporates the Hilbert-Schmidt Independence Criterion (HSIC) to robustly capture nonlinear dependencies within a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space, enriching representation learning. Experimental evaluations on diverse benchmarks demonstrate the efficacy of CDSSL in improving representation quality. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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BitMoD: Bit-serial Mixture-of-Datatype LLM Acceleration

BitMoD: Bit-serial Mixture-of-Datatype LLM Acceleration

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IEEE Symposium on High-Performance computer Architecture

作者： Yuzong Chen Ahmed F. AbouElhamayed Xilai Dai Yang Wang Marta Andronic George A. Constantinides Mohamed S. Abdelfattah Computer Systems Lab Cornell University Systems and Networking Research Group Microsoft Research Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London

ISBN: (数字)9798331506476

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506483

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various machine learning tasks. Yet the substantial memory footprint of LLMs significantly hinders their deployment. In this paper, we improve the accessibility of LLMs through BitMoD 1 , an algorithm-hardware co-design solution that enables efficient LLM acceleration at low weight precision. On the algorithm side, BitMoD introduces fine-grained data type adaptation that uses a different numerical data type to quantize a group of (e.g., 128) weights. Through the careful design of these new data types, BitMoD is able to quantize LLM weights to very low precision (e.g., 4 bits and 3 bits) while maintaining high accuracy. On the hardware side, BitMoD employs a bitserial processing element to easily support multiple numerical precisions and data types; our hardware design includes two key innovations: First, it employs a unified representation to process different weight data types, thus reducing the hardware cost. Second, it adopts a bit-serial dequantization unit to rescale the per-group partial sum with minimal hardware overhead. Our evaluation on six representative LLMs demonstrates that BitMoD significantly outperforms state-of-the-art LLM quantization and acceleration methods. For discriminative tasks, BitMoD can quantize LLM weights to 4 -bit with < 0.5% accuracy loss on average. For generative tasks, BitMoD is able to quantize LLM weights to 3-bit while achieving better perplexity than prior LLM quantization scheme. Combining the superior model performance with an efficient accelerator design, BitMoD achieves an average of $1.69 \times$ and $1.48 \times$ speedups compared to prior LLM accelerators ANT and OliVe, respectively. 1 Code is available at: https://***/yc2367/BitMoD-HPCA-25

关键词： Technological innovation Quantization (signal) Accuracy Machine learning algorithms Costs Large language models Machine learning computer architecture Hardware Energy efficiency

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Data Fusion-based Hybrid Framework for Cyber-physical Security of the Smart Grid

Data Fusion-based Hybrid Framework for Cyber-physical Securi...

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Resilience Week (RWS)

作者： Sharon A. Boamah Reynold Mathieu Victor Faillace Dennis Agnew Janise McNair Arturo Bretas Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL Distributed Systems Group Sandia National Laboratory

ISBN: (数字)9798350388985

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388992

The integration of information communication technology with the power grid exposes it to cyber threats. The network state estimation process provides stability to the smart grid. The communication network plays a major role in ensuring the successful transmission of state information. However, these network measurements are vulnerable to malicious attacks. This subsequently affects the network measurement such as associated high transmission delays and packet losses affecting the reliability of the smart grid. In this work, we propose a hybrid physics-based data-driven model that uses data fusion from the state-of-the-art physics-based Network State Estimation model and a data-driven model to detect false data injection attacks in the communication network layer of the smart grid. The performance of the data fusion method is evaluated and the simulation results show that the proposed model outperforms the standalone approaches in the detection of bad data. This shows that the proposed scheme is able to improve the cyber-physical security of the communication network layer of the smart grid.

关键词： Simulation Data integration Data models Stability analysis Smart grids Communication networks Security Reliability State estimation Resilience

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Opportunities, Progress and Challenges in Active Heatsink Antenna Arrays for 5G and Beyond 52

Opportunities, Progress and Challenges in Active Heatsink An...

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52nd European Microwave Conference, EuMC 2022

作者： Aslan, Yanki Delft University of Technology Microwave Sensing Signals and Systems Group Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Department of Microelectronics Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (数字)9782874870699

ISBN: (纸本)9782874870699

The conventional air and liquid cooling based thermal management strategies in mm-wave active phased arrays are illustrated with several examples from the literature. The key role of antenna engineers in electronics thermal management is discussed. The intriguing concept of using the antennas as auxiliary heat dissipators is recapitulated with a focus on the past and recent developments. The multiphysics (electromagnetic and thermal) modeling and design approaches of such dual function antennas are outlined. Some of the future multidisciplinary research challenges in heatsink antennas are identified. © 2022 European Microwave Association (EuMA).

关键词： Millimeter waves

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Site-Specific Ultra-Low-Sidelobe Phased Array Topologies for Sparse Areas of Particular Shape 52

Site-Specific Ultra-Low-Sidelobe Phased Array Topologies for...

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52nd European Microwave Conference, EuMC 2022

ISBN: (数字)9782874870699

ISBN: (纸本)9782874870699

Optimal design of uniformly-fed aperiodic millimeter-wave phased array topologies for site-specific and quasi interference-free operation is presented. Several use cases with different number of line-of-sight cells in the close vicinity of the base station, and for various widths and shapes of the cells, are analyzed. The arrays are synthesized by applying an iterative convex optimization technique. The simulation results of 256-element arrays indicate strong intra-cell and inter-cell isolation with around -40 dB maximal side lobe level. The proposed technique is found to be especially useful in the application scenarios supporting sparsely distributed narrow communication cells. © 2022 European Microwave Association (EuMA).

关键词： Millimeter waves

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Onboard Perception-Assisted High Fidelity Simulation Framework for Autonomous Planetary Soft-Landing

Onboard Perception-Assisted High Fidelity Simulation Framewo...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Alibekov, Ulugbek Banerjee, Avijit Satpute, Sumeet Gajanan Nikolakopoulos, George ERASMUS MUNDUS JOINT MASTER in Intelligent Field Robotic Systems Faculty of Informatics Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary Robotics and AI research group Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

This article presents an onboard perception-assisted high-fidelity simulation framework for autonomous planetary soft-landing, enabling visual information processing tightly integrated with advanced onboard guidance system in a realistic simulation environments. Utilizing the open source Unity game engine, a physics-based simulation toolbox integrated with the Robotic Operating System (ROS2), we effectively emulate the motion of spacecraft approaching planetary terrain. The simulation environment features a realistic 3D terrain model and a lander spacecraft equipped with onboard camera to effectively capture detailed local terrain images. The simulation engine accurately captures the spacecraft’s 6-degrees of freedom motion, seamlessly integrating space craft orientation with the associated camera feed while incorporating various illumination conditions using a light source representing the Sun. To demonstrate the efficacy of the framework, we implement a recently developed attitude-constrained minimum jerk guidance algorithm to emulate spacecraft motion. Concurrently, the visual feed from the onboard RGB camera is processed through a gradient extraction-based perception system, providing the visual odometer. This system identifies provably safe landing sites, effectively avoiding potential risks of landing on uneven terrain. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Planetary landers

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A review: Challenges and opportunities for artificial intelligence and robotics in the offshore wind sector

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Energy and AI 2022年第2期8卷 177-212页

作者： Daniel Mitchell Jamie Blanche Sam Harper Theodore Lim Ranjeetkumar Gupta Osama Zaki Wenshuo Tang Valentin Robu Simon Watson David Flynn Smart Systems Group Institute of SensorsSignals and SystemsSchool of Engineering and Physical SciencesHeriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghEH144ASUnited Kingdom Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science Intelligent and Autonomous Systems GroupCWIAmsterdam1098 XG Netherlands Algorithms Group Faculty of Electrical EngineeringMathematics and Computer Science(EEMCS)Delft University of Technology(TU Delft)Delft2628 XE Netherlands The University of Manchester Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringOxford RoadManchesterM139PL United Kingdom James Watt School of Engineering University of GlasgowG128QQUnited Kingdom

The UK has set plans to increase offshore wind capacity from 22GW to 154GW by 2030. With such tremendous growth, the sector is now looking to Robotics and Artificial Intelligence (RAI) in order to tackle lifecycle service barriers as to support sustainable and profitable offshore wind energy production. Today, RAI applications are predominately being used to support short term objectives in operation and maintenance. However, moving forward, RAI has the potential to play a critical role throughout the full lifecycle of offshore wind infrastructure, from surveying, planning, design, logistics, operational support, training and decommissioning. This paper presents one of the first systematic reviews of RAI for the offshore renewable energy sector. The state-of-the-art in RAI is analyzed with respect to offshore energy requirements, from both industry and academia, in terms of current and future requirements. Our review also includes a detailed evaluation of investment, regulation and skills development required to support the adoption of RAI. The key trends identified through a detailed analysis of patent and academic publication databases provide insights to barriers such as certification of autonomous platforms for safety compliance and reliability, the need for digital architectures for scalability in autonomous fleets, adaptive mission planning for resilient resident operations and optimization of human machine interaction for trusted partnerships between people and autonomous assistants. Our study concludes with identification of technological priorities and outlines their integration into a new ‘symbiotic digital architecture’ to deliver the future of offshore wind farm lifecycle management.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Autonomous systems Digitalization Offshore renewable energy Offshore wind farms Robotics

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