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SYSTEMS AND computerS IN JAPAN 1995年第7期26卷 1-12页

作者： FUJIWARA, E TANAKA, T Member Faculty of Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan 152 Eui Fujiwara:received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electronics Engineering in 1968 and 1970 respectively and his Dr. of Eng. degree in 1981 all from Tokyo Institute of Technology. In 1970 he joined the NTT Musashino Electrical Communication Laboratories and engaged in developing PIPS-1 and PIPS-11 computer systems. In 1988 he joined the Department of Computer Science Tokyo Institute of Technology as an Associate Professor. In 1990 he became a full Professor. He was a Visiting Professor at the Center for Advanced Computer Studies the University of Southwestern Louisiana from June 1985 to July 1986. His current research interests include coding theory for computers fault-tolerant memories VLSI defect-toleranceand WSI systems. He is a co-author ofError Control Coding for Computer Systems(Prentice-Hall1989) EssentiaLF of Error-Correcting Coding Techniques (Academic Press 1990) and other books. Dr. Fujiwara received the Young Engineer Award from the I.E.I.C.E. in 1978 and the Teshima Memorial Research Award in 1991. He is a senior member of the IEEE and a member of the Information Processing Society Japan. Associate Member

Because of its capability of high-speed search, the associative memory (CAM) is expected to be used in a variety of information processing systems. In this paper, novel fault-tolerant techniques which are effective for on-line use are proposed for TLB which is an example of the application of CAM. First, fault and error models of the TLB consisting of the CAM part and the SRAM part are clarified. Then, the fault-tolerant techniques for these faults and errors, such as distance separable technique, cod-ing technique, simplified 1-out-of-n check and graceful degradation, are proposed. The distance separable technique which encodes the data stored in the CAM part is the one which masks the faulty CAM part and prevents errors from propagating to the subsequent circuits. The coding technique checks the one-to-one correspondence between the data in the CAM and those in SRAM by using the SEC-DED code with byte error detection capability, i.e., SEC-DED-SbED code, and at the same time it detects and corrects errors in the data stored in SRAM. The simplified 1-out-of-n check processes association errors. The graceful degradation gives a flag in the faulty memory section and prevents it from being used. The methods proposed in this paper are evaluated from area augmentation and error detection capability perspectives. The results show that the fault-tolerant TLB with 32 virtual address bits, 32 physical address bits and 128 entries gives single fault detection probability of nearly 99 percent with 28 percent area increase.

关键词： CAM TLB DISTANCE SEPARABLE TECHNIQUE CODING TECHNIQUE SIMPLIFIED 1-OUT-OF-N CHECK GRACEFUL DEGRADATION

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A METHOD FOR PREDICTING CHAOTIC TIME-SERIES WITH OUTLIERS

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART III-FUNDAMENTAL ELECTRONIC science 1995年第5期78卷 44-53页

作者： ITOH, K Member NTT Communication Science Laboratories Yokosuka Japan 238-03 Ken-ichi Itoh received his B.E. degree in 1969 from the Department of Electrical Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology and affiliated with NTT. He is engaged in research and development of computer hardware systems. At present he is Senior Research Engineer Supervisor NTT Communications Science Laboratories. He is a member of the Information Processing Society.

In recent years, there have been intensive studies on the short-term, prediction method for time-series data with chaotic properties. The prediction for the chaotic time-series data is executed, for example, as follows. Based on the single-variable time-series data, the trajectory of the attractor is reconstructed in the multidimensional space and the change of the trajectory is predicted by a polynomial approximation. However, when there exists a noise such as the outlier in the time-series, the prediction error is increased drastically. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a prediction method which is robust against the outlier. More precisely, the following three elaborations are added to the conventional method: (1) the coefficients of the polynomial are calculated by Biweight's estimation method;(2) the order of the polynomial is determined automatically examining the residual error;and (3) the data with a large prediction error are replaced by the predicted value and the next prediction is applied. An evaluation experiment is executed for the data where the pseudorandom variable with the Cauchy distribution is superposed on the chaotic time-series data generated by the Henon map and the Lorenz model. It is verified as a result that the proposed method can well suppress the increase of the prediction error due to the outliers, improving greatly the accuracy of the prediction compared to the conventional method.

关键词： CHAOS PREDICTION TIME-SERIES LEAST-SQUARES METHOD OUTLIER

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Development and application of MCAL tools for marine radar instruction

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computer Applications in engineering Education 1995年第4期3卷 259-259页

作者： Guirguis, S. Korany, E. Abdel-Bary, A. Institute of Graduate Studies and Research Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt Shawkat K. Guirguis:obtained the BSc and M.Sc. degrees in Computer Science and Automatic Control Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University in 1981 and 1984 respectively. In 1988 he obtained a PhD degree in Electronics and Communications Faculty of Engineering Cairo University co-supervised by the Imperial College of Science and Technology University of London where he spent two years as an academic visitor. His current research interests include software quality management multimedia automatic programming and decision support systems. He is currently a lecturer of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. Ezzat A. Korany:received the BS degree in Electrical Engineering (Electronics Section) from the University of Alexandria Egypt in 1971 the MS degree in Electrical Engineering (Computer Section) from Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt in 1977 and the PhD degree in Electrical Engineering (Digital Systems) from Florida Institute of Technology U.S.A. in 1982. He is currently an associate professor of Computer Science at the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research University of Alexandria. His research interests are in data communications and multimedia applications computer networks image processing and pattern recognition. Abdel-Latif A. Abdel-Bary:obtained the BEng degree in Electronics Technology from Arab Maritime Transport Academy in 1986. In 1995 he obtained the MSc degree in Information Technology from the Institute of Graduate Studies & Research Alexandria University. His current research interests include ICAL hypermedia and automatic programming.

In this article a multimedia computer-assisted learning (MCAL) system is presented. The major objective of this work was to investigate the potential of using such systems as tools for transferring instructional course information through various types of computer media as opposed to the classic CAL systems. The philosophy and techniques employed to design the system are investigated. Usage of the implemented system and its merits have been illustrated through its application to teach engineering students and technicians the theory and concepts of marine radar. System design, implementation, test, and revision phases are presented and discussed.

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ISDN LOOP EXTENSION USING A MID-SPAN AMPLIFIER

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 1995年第3期8卷 219-224页

作者： ERKER, GJ DODDS, DE KRZYMIEN, WA David E. Dodds was born in Saskatoon Canada in 1945. He received the B. Eng. and MSc. degrees from the University of Saskatchewan in 1966 and 1968 respectively. He worked with Bell Northern Research (Ottawa) on PBX design in 1969 1972 and 1978. Since 1969 he has been with the University of Saskatchewan where he is currently Professor of Electrical Engineering. He teaches courses in electronics and communications and also presents short courses on the fundamentals of telephony. Current research interests are in data transmission signal processing architecture and frame synchronization for PCM and spread spectrum systems. He has been granted five patents relating to commercial products in delta-modulation telephone line interfacing and computer data transmission. In 1986 he was on sabbatical leave at BNR Inc. and worked with an ANSI committee on the standardization of FDDI-II a combined voice and data system. Mr. Dodds is a Registered Consulting Engineer in Saskatchewan. Witold A. Krzyden received his MSc. (Eng.) and Ph.D. degrees (both in Electrical Engineering) in 1970 and 1978 respectively from the Poznan Technical University in Poznan Poland. He was awarded the Minister's of Science and Technology Prize of Excellence for his Ph.D. thesis. From 1970 to 1978 he was a Research Engineer and Teaching Assistant and then from 1978 to 1980 an Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering at the Poznan Technical University. In 1980 he won a Dutch Government Research Fellowship at the Twente University of Technology in Enschede the Netherlands for the year of 1980/1981. In the following year of 1981/82 he was a Research Assistant Professor there. From 1982 to 1986 he was an Assistant Professor of Electrical Engineering at Lakehead University in Thunder Bay Ontario Canada. In 1986 he joined the Univeristy of Alberta and Alberta Telecommunications Research Centre (now Telecommunications Research Laboratories or TRLabs) as an Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering. Currently he is a Professor of E

The 5.5 km range of the basic rate ISDN loop has been extended by using a negative impedance amplifier and by using a 2 wire/4 wire (2w/4w) amplifier. The negative impedance amplifier extends the range of the loop by 1.0 km, whereas the 2w/4w amplifier extends the range by 1.5 km at the expense of increased complexity. As part of the amplifer design, a resistor/capacitor network has been developed which closely matches the characteristic impedance of telephone cable. Error rate tests have been conducted using various lengths of cable and an operating ISDN line.

关键词： ISDN PHYSICAL LAYER BASIC RATE LOOP RANGE EXTENSION

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Instrumentation for the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) prototype Pacific Ocean network

Instrumentation for the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climat...

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OCEANS

作者： B.M. Howe S.G. Anderson A. Baggeroer J.A. Colosi K.R. Hardy D. Horwitt F.W. Karig S. Leach J.A. Mercer K. Metzger L.O. Olson D.A. Peckham D.A. Reddaway R.R. Ryan R.P. Stein K. von der Heydt J.D. Watson S.L. Weslander P.F. Worcester Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington Seattle WA USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego Seattle WA USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA Communications and Signal Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Seattle WA USA Applied Physics Laboratory University of Washington Woods Hole MA USA

The prototype Pacific Ocean network for the Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate (ATOC) program consists of two shore-cabled acoustic sources, two autonomous vertical hydrophone receiving arrays, and 16 U.S. Navy hydrophone arrays. The sources, receivers, and signaling strategy are designed to be capable of up to 10-megameter transmissions on a routine basis. A new broadband, low-frequency (75 Hz), acoustic source was designed and built by Alliant Techsystems. The bender-bar/barrel-stave transducer is pressure compensated for operation to 1000-m depth. Signal waveform shaping is employed to broaden the effective bandwidth of the source to 37.5 Hz (Q=2; time resolution of 27 ms). Four-element vertical hydrophone arrays are attached to the sources to permit reciprocal transmissions and ambient noise monitoring. Autonomous vertical hydrophone arrays consisting of 40 elements at 35-m spacing (1400-m aperture) were developed to resolve low-order acoustic modes. The autonomous arrays are designed for deployments of up to 1 year, with intermediate readout of the data via ship-recoverable pop-up data modules. The U.S. Navy hydrophone arrays were instrumented with 80486-based data acquisition and processing systems, with communications links for transmitting the data in near real time to a central site for further processing and archiving.

关键词： Instruments Oceans Sonar equipment Acoustic arrays Prototypes Signal design Acoustic transducers Bandwidth Signal resolution Acoustic noise

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Multiagent fault‐diagnosis expert system in power systems

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European Transactions on electrical Power 1995年第5期5卷 341-347页

作者： Wang, J.P. Trécat, J. Dr. Jianping Wang is a doctor fellow in the Faculte Polytechnique de Mons in Belgium. His current research field is parallel processing applications in power systems. Dr. Wang obtained his BS degree from Southwest Jiaotong University in P.R. Chinain 1982. From 1982 to 1990 he was appointed as an assistant lecturer. lecturer and associate professor respectively in the electrical engineering department of Southwest Jiaotong University. He obtained his Ph.D in the FacultC Polytechnique de Mons in July of 1993. (BD Dolez 3 1 FPMS B-7000 Mons Belgium T +32-65/37 41 87 Fax +32-65/37 43 00) Professor J. Trécat is a director in the power system laboratory in the Faculty Polytechnique de Mons. He obtained his Ph.D in the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology(UM1ST) in U.K. in 1970. He has been working in the fields of power system automation artificial intelligence application and computer vision in the Facult6 Polytechnique de Mons since 1970. He is a senior member of IEEE and he has made much contribution both in electrical engineering education and research. (BD Dolez 3 I FPMS B-7000 Mons T +32-651374185. Fax +32-6513743 00)

In order to solve the speed problem and shallow reasoning problem met in current research in fault diagnosis expert system, this paper presents a model based parallel fault diagnosis expert system for energy management systems (EMS). The Petri net model, which corresponds to the relationship between power system components and their protection systems, has been used for the inference in fault diagnosis. A multiagent parallel processing expert system, which is based on five transputers in Sun workstation, has been built for fault diagnosis purposes. The test results show that this expert system is not only fast but also has better performances. Copyright © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Higher order statistics based Gaussianity test applied to on-line speech processing

Higher order statistics based Gaussianity test applied to on...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & computers

作者： M. Rangoussi G. Carayannis Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Science Division National and Technical University of Athens Athens Greece Institute of Language and Speech Processing Athens Greece

Detection of speech in noisy recordings becomes a challenging problem when the noise does not follow the usual whiteness, stationarity and high signal-to-noise ratio assumptions. A robust speech detector can affect significantly the performance of several speech processing tasks, such as endpoint detection, segmentation, and finally recognition, if we deal with real life data, as opposed to laboratory or controlled environment recordings. The detector proposed is based on a Gaussianity test that employs third-order cumulants of the data to decide on the binary hypotheses of noise only versus speech plus noise. Speech intervals are detected by exploiting the third-order information present in the speech signal. The detector can handle a large family of additive noises, thanks to its third-order statistics basis. The sample-adaptive and decision feedback variations proposed, provide the detector with a tracking ability both with respect to the time variations of speech and the possible nonstationarity of noise. Experiments carried out using real data, recorded in a moving car interior, show satisfactory performance of the proposed algorithms down to -6 dB signal-to-noise ratio.< >

关键词： Higher order statistics Gaussian processes Testing Signal to noise ratio Detectors Speech enhancement Working environment noise Speech processing Noise robustness Robust control

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Fabrication using x‐ray nanolithography and measurement of Coulomb blockade in a variable‐sized quantum dot

Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics a...

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Journal of Vacuum science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures processing, Measurement, and Phenomena 1994年第6期12卷 3611-3613页

作者： M. Burkhardt Henry I. Smith D. A. Antoniadis T. P. Orlando M. R. Melloch K. W. Rhee M. C. Peckerar Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 School of Electrical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 Nanoelectronics Processing Facility U.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington D.C. 20375

We report on the fabrication and measurement of a novel type of quantum dot device in which the shape and size of the dot can be controlled. The device consists of four uniformly spaced quantum point contacts which can be biased to produce quantum dots ranging in size from 600 nm to below 200 nm. The capacitances of the gates controlling the dot are small. Measurements were made at a temperature of 0.3 K for three different dot sizes. Devices were fabricated in three lithography steps, with x‐ray nanolithography used to define the final gate layer. The device exhibits conductance maxima whose spacing depends on which quantum point contacts are used to define the quantum dot.

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Printability of sub‐150 nm features in x‐ray lithography: Theory and experiments

Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics a...

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Journal of Vacuum science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures processing, Measurement, and Phenomena 1994年第6期12卷 3965-3969页

作者： Scott D. Hector Vincent V. Wong Henry I. Smith M. A. McCord K. W. Rhee Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 IBM Semiconductor Research and Development Center Yorktown Heights New York 10598 Nanoelectronics Processing Facility US Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC 20375

Image formation in x‐ray lithography has been studied extensively. A previous theoretical study predicted that 0.1 μm features can be printed at large gaps (≳10 μm) with absorbers attenuating less than 10 dB. This study seeks to verify rigorous electromagnetic simulations of image formation by directly measuring the aerial image. Exposures of features with linewidths ranging from 0.15 to 0.075 μm were performed on the Helios synchrotron. Pedestal‐style x‐ray masks, consisting of SiNx membranes and a Au absorber, were patterned with e‐beam lithography at 100 and 50 kV. By careful dose control and inspection of the resulting features, one can directly determine the aerial image (the image at the resist surface). This is verified using a string model of the resist development. Aerial image measurements correlate reasonably well with modeling results.

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Combining Feature Extraction and Hidden Markov Modelling for Automatic Speech Recognition

Combining Feature Extraction and Hidden Markov Modelling for...

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International Conference on Communication Technology(ICCT’94)

作者： WU Jianxiong CHEN Peifang CHAN Chorkin DENG Li Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiaotong University Department of Computer Science University of Hong Kong Dcpartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada N2L 3G1.

＜正＞Feature extraction is very important for the classifier design and the overall performance of *** recognition ***,due to the lack of theoretical guidances,feature extraction and classifier design are usually treated separately in current speech recognition *** *** proposes an approach to combine linear feature extraction with continuous density hidden Markov modeling（HMM） which is currently the most successful speech pattern classifier.A maximumlikelihood based algorithm is derived to iteratively train HMM parameters as well as the parameters of the feature *** algorithm is an exteusion of the Baum-Welcli parameter re-estimation algorithm for conventional HMMs and thus has a nice property of guara, nteed convergence.

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