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science China Life sciences 2025年第5期68卷 1536-1540页

作者： Hao Xu Shibo Zhou Zefeng Zhu Vincenzo Vitelli Liangyi Chen Ziwei Dai Ning Yang Luhua Lai Shengyong Yang Sergey Ovchinnikov Zhuoran Qiao Sirui Liu Chen Song Jianfeng Pei Han Wen Jianfeng Feng Yaoyao Zhang Zhengwei Xie Yang-Yu Liu Zhiyuan Li Fulai Jin Hao Li Mohammad Lotfollahi Xuegong Zhang Ge Yang Shihua Zhang Ge Gao Pulin Li Qi Liu Jing-Dong Jackie Han Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences (CLS) Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking University Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB) Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking University Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking University Department of Physics University of Chicago School of Life Sciences Southern University of Science and Technology Peking University Chengdu Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Biotechnologies College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan University Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lambic Therapeutics Inc. Changping Laboratory Al for Science Institute Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology West China Second University HospitalSichuan University Peking University International Cancer Institute and Peking University-Yunnan Baiyao International Medical Institute and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs Department of Molecular and Cellular PharmacologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesPeking University Health Science CenterPeking University Channing Division of Network Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Center for Artificial Intelligence and Modeling the Carl R.Woese Institute for Genomic BiologyUniversity of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences School of Medicine and Department of Computer and Data Sciences and Department of Population and Quantitative Health SciencesCase Western Reserve University Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of California Sanger Institute Department of Automation Tsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems I

The development of artificial intelligence(AI) and the mining of biomedical data complement each other. From the direct use of computer vision results to analyze medical images for disease screening, to now integrating biological knowledge into models and even accelerating the development of new AI based on biological discoveries, the boundaries of both are constantly expanding, and their connections are becoming closer.

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Heterogeneous Mean-Field Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Communication Routing Selection in SAGI-Net

Heterogeneous Mean-Field Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning ...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： Hengxi Zhang Huaze Tang Yuanquan Hu Xiaoli Wei Chenye Wu Wenbo Ding Xiao-Ping Zhang Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen China School of Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory Shenzhen China Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781665454698

The utilization of heterogeneous end devices such as the low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and ground users (GUs) deployed at different altitudes, known as the space-air-ground integrated network (SAGI-Net), can be quite promising towards a bunch of advanced applications. Whereas, the energy efficiency of the SAGI-Net communication system is a key criterion needed to be improved urgently in consideration that the inappropriate communication routing will undoubtedly cause a huge communication energy cost of the system especially with a large number of communication devices inside. In this paper, we proposed a novel communication routing selection model for the SAGI-Net system and established a heterogeneous multi-agent reinforcement learning (HMF-MARL) framework to optimize the communication energy efficiency of this system, where the mean-field theory was introduced to enhance the ability of classic MARL method while still maintaining a relatively low computational complexity. The experiment results show that the capacity of the heterogeneous multi-agent system has been improved by nearly 80% using the proposed HMF-MARL method compared with the classic MARL one, which hopefully shows the potential value on the implementation of the SAGI-Net system in the future.

关键词： Vehicular and wireless technologies Protocols Satellites Costs Low earth orbit satellites Reinforcement learning Routing

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Observation of Photonic Chiral Flatbands

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Choi, Minho Alù, Andrea Majumdar, Arka Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States

Distinct selectivity to the spin angular momenta of photons have garnered significant attention in recent years, for their relevance in basic science and for imaging and sensing applications. While nonlocal metasurfaces with strong chiral responses to the incident light have been reported, these responses are typically limited to a narrow range of incident angles. In this study, we demonstrate a nonlocal metasurface that showcases strong chirality, characterized by circular dichroism larger than 0.6, over a wide range of incident angles ±5o. Its quality factor, circular dichroism and resonant frequency can be optimized by design. These findings pave the way to further advance the development of valley-selective optical cavities and augmented reality applications. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Natural frequencies

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Nonlocal Scatterer for Compact Wave-Based Analog Computing

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Physical Review Letters 2022年第7期128卷 073201-073201页

作者： Heedong Goh Andrea Alù Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA

Analog computing based on wave interactions with metamaterials has been raising significant interest as a low-energy, ultrafast platform to process large amounts of data. Engineered materials can be tailored to impart mathematical operations of choice on the spatial distribution of the impinging signals, but they also require extended footprints and precise large-area fabrication, which may hinder their practical applicability. Here we show that the nonlocal response of a compact scatterer can be engineered to impart operations of choice on arbitrary impinging waves, and even to solve integro-differential equations, whose solution is observed in the scattered fields. The lack of strongly resonant phenomena makes the response robust, and the compact nature opens to scalability and cascading of these processes, paving the way to efficient, compact analog computers based on engineered microstructures.

关键词： Light propagation, transmission & absorption Mie scattering Scattering theory

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Smart Residential Parking

Smart Residential Parking

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international Conference on Informatics and Computational sciences (ICICoS)

作者： Suhartono Jung-Lung Chiang Maria Mahardini Sakanti C. Bambang Dwi Kuncoro Ph.D. Program Prospective Technology of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan R.O.C Graduate Institute of Precision Manufacturing National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan R.O.C Department of Refrigeration Air Conditioning and Energy Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung Taiwan R.O.C

ISBN: (数字)9798350375886

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375893

This research aims to create a smart residential system that will improve parking management in residential areas using mini-server technology. Another aim is to provide a safe and effective smart parking solution for residential areas with limited capacity. This research method uses mini-server technology and control to create smart system ideas. Apart from that, this research also uses servo motor technology, proximity sensors, cameras, and IoT applications for smart parking management. The result is the creation of intelligent residential parking management, which uses a Raspberry Pi 5 Model B as a server and control to improve the parking management system in residential areas, and the use of number plate recognition technology to be applied to Smart City. This further research offers a new perspective on creating intelligent parking solutions using two input validation parameters simultaneously, namely facial and license plate recognition

关键词： Smart cities Automated parking Servers Security Internet of Things Usability Servomotors

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Terahertz spin dynamics in rare-earth orthoferrites

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Photonics Insights 2022年第2期1卷 1-56页

作者： Xinwei Li Dasom Kim Yincheng Liu Junichiro Kono Department of Physics California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonUSA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonUSA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice UniversityHoustonUSA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice UniversityHoustonUSA

Recent interest in developing fast spintronic devices and laser-controllable magnetic solids has sparked tremendous experimental and theoretical efforts to understand and manipulate ultrafast dynamics in *** of spin dynamics in the terahertz(THz)frequency range are particularly important for elucidating microscopic pathways toward novel device ***,we review THz phenomena related to spin dynamics in rare-earth orthoferrites,a class of materials promising for antiferromagnetic *** expand this topic into a description of four key elements.(1)We start by describing THz spectroscopy of spin excitations for probing magnetic phase transitions in thermal *** acoustic magnons are useful indicators of spin reorientation transitions,electromagnons that arise from dynamic magnetoelectric couplings serve as a signature of inversion-symmetry-breaking phases at low temperatures.(2)We then review the strong laser driving scenario,where the system is excited far from equilibrium and thereby subject to modifications to the free-energy *** pathways for ultrafast laser manipulation of magnetic order are discussed.(3)Furthermore,we review a variety of protocols to manipulate coherent THz magnons in time and space,which are useful capabilities for antiferromagnetic spintronic applications.(4)Finally,new insights into the connection between dynamic magnetic coupling in condensed matter and the Dicke superradiant phase transition in quantum optics are *** presenting a review on an array of THz spin phenomena occurring in a single class of materials,we hope to trigger interdisciplinary efforts that actively seek connections between subfields of spintronics,which will facilitate the invention of new protocols of active spin control and quantum phase engineering.

关键词： terahertz spin dynamics magnetism orthoferrite ultrafast spectroscopy magneto-optics

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Multiscale Numerical Modeling for Near-Field Microwave Impedance Microscopy

Multiscale Numerical Modeling for Near-Field Microwave Imped...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Diego Tami Douglas A. A. Ohlberg Jhonattan C. Ramirez Cássio Gonçalves Do Rego Gilberto Medeiros-Ribeiro Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil Microscopy Center Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil Department of Electronic Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil Computer Science Department Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Brazil

In this work, we analyzed numerically a multiscale nanosystem based on sMIM on TBG. Spontaneous formation of a water-meniscus by the approximation between the tip-sample concentrates the microwave fields, reaching res... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9781957171050

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466660

关键词： Microscopy Masers Lasers and electrooptics Laser modes Numerical models Impedance Electrooptical waveguides

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Strong nonreciprocal acoustic extinction and asymmetric audibility from spinning fluid scatterers

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Physical Review B 2023年第16期108卷 165129-165129页

作者： Yao-Ting Wang Heedong Goh Sander A. Mann Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Photonics National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10026 USA

Lorentz reciprocity places important constraints on the response of systems to wave excitations, and surpassing these constraints is of both fundamental and applied interest. In the context of scattering, reciprocity requires that the total extinction of an object is identical when excited from opposite directions, regardless of the asymmetry of the scatterer. Here, we demonstrate that, by combining multiple scatterers that break time-reversal symmetry, this extinction symmetry can be largely violated. We consider spinning cylinders, demonstrating that nonreciprocity must be paired with broken parity symmetry to enable large extinction contrast. As a dramatic example, we show a system that strongly scatters when excited from one side, but it is cloaked for the opposite excitation. Our results pave the way for approaches to asymmetric audibility and scattering manipulation, and they may readily translate to other wave domains.

关键词： Acoustic metamaterials Acoustics Non-reciprocal propagation

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Guiding Brain-to-Vocalization Decoder Design Using Structured Generalization Error

Guiding Brain-to-Vocalization Decoder Design Using Structure...

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Annual international Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Jingya Huang Pablo Tostado-Marcos Sowmya Manojna Narasimha Aashish N. Patel Ezequiel. M. Arneodo Timothy Q. Gentner Gal Mishne Vikash Gilja Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego CA Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego CA Institute for Neural Computation University of California San Diego CA Neuroscience Graduate Program University of California San Diego CA Department of Physics University of California San Diego CA Department of Psychology University of California San Diego CA Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute University of California San Diego CA

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

State-of-the-art intracortical neuroprostheses currently enable communication at 60+ words per minute for anarthric individuals by training on over 10K sentences to account for phoneme variability in different word contexts. There is limited understanding about whether this performance can be maintained in decoding naturalistic speech with 40K+ word vocabularies across elicited, spontaneous, and conversational speech contexts. We introduce a vocal-unit-level generalization test to explicitly evaluate neural decoder performance with an expanded and more diverse behavioral repertoire. Tested on neural decoders modeling zebra finch vocalization, an analog to human vocal production, we compare three decoders with different input types: spike trains, neural factors, and firing rates. The factors and rates are latent neural features inferred using trained Latent Factor Analysis via Dynamical Systems (LFADS) models that capture the population neural dynamics during vocal production. While the conventional random holdout generalization error measure is similar for all three decoders, factor- and rate-based decoders outperform spike-based decoders when testing vocal-unit-holdout generalization error. These results suggest the later models better adapt to flexible vocalization inference when trained with partial observation of data variation, motivating further exploration of decoders incorporating latent neural and vocalization dynamics.

关键词： Training Adaptation models Vocabulary Firing Measurement uncertainty Neuroprostheses Production Decoding engineering in medicine and biology Testing

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Optimization of Multi-Channel Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Gas Sensing Application

Optimization of Multi-Channel Quartz Crystal Microbalance fo...

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Recent Advances and Innovations in engineering (ICRAIE)

作者： Ahmad Anwar Zainuddin Soumik Bhattacharjee Aliza Aini Md Ralib Nurain Sufi Sabreena Mohd Sukri Saidatul Izyanie Binti Kamarudin Krishnan Subramaniam Dini Handayani M. Reyasudin Basir Khan Nik Nor Muhammad Saifudin Computer Science Kuliyyah of Information Communication Technology International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Digital Media Masters Universität Bremen Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Kolej Pengajian Pengkomputeran Informatik dan Matematik (KPPIM) Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Mila University Nilai Negeri Sembilan Malaysia Tun Razak Graduate School (TRGS) Universiti Tun Abdul Razak (UNIRAZAK) Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Mass detection sensor Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) measures mass sensitivity by piezoelectric, high frequency shaving on nanograms. These sensors detect with high precise geometry, low cost and ease of production. Conventional QCM sensors are limited to one electrode structure that minimizes the range of sensing. On a single quartz crystal substrate, three new QCM Multi-Channel sensors are developed and optimized that include 2-channel, 3-channel and 4-channel QCM sensors. The COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to design and simulate the multi-channel sensors to enhance the device structure for applications with less interference frequency. From the results, it shows that the least interferences exhibit frequency values of 9.58MHz as both QCMs for the 5mm centre-to-centre (c2c). However, due to small c2c distances that decrease accuracy and operating disadvantages, this design was not selected. For 3 channel sensors, however, three resonant peaks show a similar value of 9.58MHz when c2c is maintained at 7mm. With the highest c2c distance this design shows less interference. Finally, for 4-channel sensors, a distance of 6 mm c2c also has a minimum interference with a 9.58 MHz resonance frequency. This shows that 4 channel sensors with the highest c2c can provide greater operational convenience and less interference at frequencies and thus maximize measurement accuracy. Multi-sensor arrays are advantageous when detecting a large number of analytes at the same time or when only selective coatings (coatings that respond to more than one analyte at the same time) are available. These sensor arrays, which use only one sensor and combine it with enhanced signal evaluation methods or prior sample separation to achieve the results of multi-sensor arrays, are becoming increasingly popular.

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