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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ahmadi, Amir Ali Blekherman, Grigoriy Parrilo, Pablo A. The Department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering Princeton University United States The School of Mathematics The Georgia Institute of Technology United States The Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems The Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States

We show that if a ternary quartic form is convex, then it must be sos-convex;i.e, if the Hessian H(x) of a ternary quartic form is positive semidefinite for all x, then the biquadratic form yT H(x)y in the variables x:= (x1, x2, x3)T and y:= (y1, y2, y3)T must be a sum of squares. This result is in a meaningful sense the "convex analogue" of Hilbert’s celebrated theorem on ternary quartics. We show that exploiting the structure of the Hessian matrix is crucial in any possible proof of this result by presenting an explicit example of a biquadratic form b(x, y) that is symmetric in x and y, nonnegative, but not a sum of squares. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Matrix algebra

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Exploration of the Role of Cryptoprocessors in Advancing IoT Security

Exploration of the Role of Cryptoprocessors in Advancing IoT...

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International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor systems (DCOSS)

作者： Elena Kakoulli Eleftherios Zacharioudakis Department of Computer Science Intelligent Systems Laboratory Neapolis University Pafos Pafos Cyprus Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering and Informatics Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute National Technical University of Ukraine Kyiv Ukraine

ISBN: (数字)9798350369441

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369458

This paper presents a thorough exploration of Cryptoprocessors in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). The focus is on hardware support, cryptographic processors, and energy-efficient designs to fortify the security of IoT ecosystems. Leveraging insights from recent research papers, the survey examines various aspects of Cryptoprocessor implementations, ranging from lightweight countermeasures to advanced lattice-based post-quantum cryptography. The proposed paper amalgamates findings from studies on hardware architectures, energy-efficient designs, and innovative cryptographic algorithms to provide a holistic overview of state-of-the-art advancements in IoT security. The synthesis of this survey’s exploration aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on securing IoT devices through robust hardware-backed cryptographic solutions.

关键词： Surveys Industries Technological innovation Program processors Ecosystems Hardware Energy efficiency

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Outlier-Robust Training of Machine Learning Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Talak, Rajat Georgiou, Charis Shi, Jingnan Carlone, Luca Laboratory of Information & Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Robust training of machine learning models in the presence of outliers has garnered attention across various domains. The use of robust losses is a popular approach and is known to mitigate the impact of outliers. We bring to light two literatures that have diverged in their ways of designing robust losses: one using M-estimation, which is popular in robotics and computer vision, and another using a risk-minimization framework, which is popular in deep learning. We first show that a simple modification of the Black-Rangarajan duality provides a unifying view. The modified duality brings out a definition of a robust loss kernel σ that is satisfied by robust losses in both the literatures. Secondly, using the modified duality, we propose an Adaptive Alternation Algorithm (AAA) for training machine learning models with outliers. The algorithm iteratively trains the model by using a weighted version of the non-robust loss, while updating the weights at each iteration. The algorithm is augmented with a novel parameter update rule by interpreting the weights as inlier probabilities, and obviates the need for complex parameter tuning. Thirdly, we investigate convergence of the adaptive alternation algorithm to outlier-free optima. Considering arbitrary outliers (i.e., with no distributional assumption on the outliers), we show that the use of robust loss kernels σ increases the region of convergence. We experimentally show the efficacy of our algorithm on regression, classification, and neural scene reconstruction problems. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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An Artificial Intelligence Solution for Energy Management in Smart Grid

An Artificial Intelligence Solution for Energy Management in...

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2023 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Green Energy, ICAIGE 2023

作者： Naceur, Ferdaws Ben Toumi, Sana Salah, Chokri Ben Mahjoub, Mohamed Ali National School of Engineers of Sousse University of Sousse LATIS- Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems Sousse4023 Tunisia Higher Institute of Computer Science and Communication Technologies of Hammam Sousse University of Sousse Sousse4011 Tunisia Department of Electrical Engineering Monastir Tunisia Brest29238 France Issat Sousse Sousse Tunisia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325539

This paper deals with an intelligent decision-making strategy of energy management for a smart grid within an element storage in order to reduce the system cost and improve its reliability. Indeed, the integration of distributed energy storage devices allows the customers to store energy and reuse at a later time or delayed some appliances operation according to a time-varying price signal. The adopted strategy is based on an artificial intelligence control algorithm 'fuzzy logic'. The main objective is to determine the appropriate source (grid or battery) used for meeting the consumer. The decision solution shows the system reliability where the switches are synchronized. Switches draw electricity from the grid for both load and battery when price is low and in contrary when electricity price is high, we find a variation's price correspondance with the switch drawing electricity from the battery. The obtained results are verified carrying out Matlab simulation using real data such as the electricity price (Price (t)) and the battery state of charge (SOC (t)). © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Decision making

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Variational Bayesian Learning based Joint Localization and Path Loss Exponent with Distance-dependent Noise in Wireless Sensor Network

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Yunfei Luo, Yiting Tan, Weiqiang Li, Chunguo Ma, Shaodan Yang, Guanghua The Department of Electrical Engineering Anhui Polytechnic University Wuhu China The School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering Guangzhou University Guangzhou China The School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing China The State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau Taipa China The School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Jinan University Zhuhai519070 China

This paper focuses on the challenge of jointly optimizing location and path loss exponent (PLE) in distance-dependent noise. Departing from the conventional independent noise model used in localization and path loss exponent estimation problems, we consider a more realistic model incorporating distance-dependent noise variance, as revealed in recent theoretical analyses and experimental results. The distance-dependent noise introduces a complex noise model with unknown noise power and PLE, resulting in an exceptionally challenging non-convex and nonlinear optimization problem. In this study, we address a joint localization and path loss exponent estimation problem encompassing distance-dependent noise, unknown parameters, and uncertainties in sensor node locations. To surmount the intractable nonlinear and non-convex objective function inherent in the problem, we introduce a variational Bayesian learning-based framework that enables the joint optimization of localization, path loss exponent, and reference noise parameters by leveraging an effective approximation to the true posterior distribution. Furthermore, the proposed joint learning algorithm provides an iterative closed-form solution and exhibits superior performance in terms of computational complexity compared to existing algorithms. computer simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm approaches the performance of the Bayesian Cramer-Rao bound (BCRB), achieves localization performance comparable to the (maximum likelihood-Gaussian message passing) ML-GMP algorithm in some cases, and outperforms the other comparison algorithm in all cases. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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3D-SeqMOS: A Novel Sequential 3D Moving Object Segmentation in Autonomous Driving

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Qipeng Zhuang, Yuan Chen, Yiwen Huai, Jianzhu Li, Miao Ma, Tianbing Tang, Yufei Liang, Xinlian The State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan University Wuhan430206 China The Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan430206 China The Anhui University of Science and Technology Anhui Huainan232001 China The Department of Computer Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Florida Atlantic University Boca RatonFL33431 United States

For the SLAM system in robotics and autonomous driving, the accuracy of front-end odometry and back-end loop-closure detection determine the whole intelligent system performance. But the LiDAR-SLAM could be disturbed by current scene moving objects, resulting in drift errors and even loop-closure failure. Thus, the ability to detect and segment moving objects is essential for high-precision positioning and building a consistent map. In this paper, we address the problem of moving object segmentation from 3D LiDAR scans to improve the odometry and loop-closure accuracy of SLAM. We propose a novel 3D Sequential Moving-Object-Segmentation (3D-SeqMOS) method that can accurately segment the scene into moving and static objects, such as moving and static cars. Different from the existing projected-image method, we process the raw 3D point cloud and build a 3D convolution neural network for MOS task. In addition, to make full use of the spatio-temporal information of point cloud, we propose a point cloud residual mechanism using the spatial features of current scan and the temporal features of previous residual scans. Besides, we build a complete SLAM framework to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of 3D-SeqMOS. Experiments on SemanticKITTI dataset show that our proposed 3D-SeqMOS method can effectively detect moving objects and improve the accuracy of LiDAR odometry and loop-closure detection. The test results show our 3D-SeqMOS outperforms the state-of-the-art method by 12.4%. We extend the proposed method to the SemanticKITTI: Moving Object Segmentation competition and achieve the 2nd in the leaderboard, showing its effectiveness. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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An integrated microfluidic platform for nucleic acid testing

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 181-194页

作者： Antao Sun Petra Vopařilová Xiaocheng Liu Bingqian Kou TomášŘezníček TomášLednický Sheng Ni JiříKudr Ondřej Zítka Zdenka Fohlerová Petr Pajer Haoqing Zhang Pavel Neužil Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Systems for Aerospace School of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University127 West Youyi RoadXi’anShaanxi 710072P.R.China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in BrnoZemědělská161300 BrnoCzech Republic ITD Tech s.r.o Osvoboditelů100573581 BohumínCzech Republic Central European Institute of Technology Brno University of TechnologyPurkyňova 123Brno 61200Czech Republic Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong Kong SARChina Department of Microelectronics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and CommunicationBrno University of TechnologyTechnická3058/10Brno 61600Czech Republic Military Health Institute U Vojenskénemocnice 120016200 Praha 6Czech Republic The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710049P.R.China Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center(BEBC) Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049P.R.China

This study presents a rapid and versatile low-cost sample-to-answer system for SARS-CoV-2 *** system integrates the extraction and purification of nucleic acids,followed by amplification via either reverse transcriptionquantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT–qPCR)or reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification(RT–LAMP).By meeting diverse diagnostic and reagent needs,the platform yields testing results that closely align with those of commercial RT-LAMP and RT‒qPCR *** advantages of our system include its speed and *** assay is completed within 28 min,including sample loading(5 min),ribonucleic acid(RNA)extraction(3 min),and RT-LAMP(20 min).The cost of each assay is≈$9.5,and this pricing is competitive against that of Food and Drug Administration(FDA)-approved commercial *** some RNA loss during on-chip extraction is observed,the platform maintains a potential limit of detection lower than 297 *** makes the system particularly useful in environments where centralized laboratories are either unavailable or inconveniently *** key feature is the platform’s versatility,allowing users to choose between RT‒qPCR or RT‒LAMP tests based on specific requirements.

关键词： testing maintain versatile

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Rotation XGBoost Based Method for Hyperspectral Image Classification with Limited Training Samples

Rotation XGBoost Based Method for Hyperspectral Image Classi...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Wei Feng Xinting Gao Gabriel Dauphin Yinghui Quan Department of Remote Sensing Science and Technology School of Electronic Engineering Xidian University Xi’an China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Advanced Remote Sensing Xi’an China Key Laboratory of Collaborative Intelligence Systems Ministry of Education Xidian University Xi’an China Laboratory of Information Processing and Transmission (L2TI) Institut Galilée University Paris XIII Paris France

The classification of hyperspectral image (HSI) has become the focus of the remote sensing field. However, limited training data, which makes the classification task face a major challenge, is inevitable in remote sensing. To eliminate the negative effects of limited labeled samples, an enhanced ensemble method named RoXGBoost, which inherently combines Rotation Forest (RoF) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) is proposed in this paper. This algorithm could increase the diversity of base classifiers by random feature selection and data transformation. Five ensemble learning methods, Random Forest (RF), AdaBoost, RoF, Rotation Boost and XGBoost, are applied as comparisons. The results on two benchmark datasets, Indian Pines and Pavia University, demonstrate the effectiveness of the RoXGBoost.

关键词：

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Energy-Efficient Over-the-Air Computation for Federated Generative Model Fine-Tuning in Unmanned Vehicle-Assisted Disaster Relief

引用

IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 2025年

作者： Zhao, Yikun Feng, Lei Zhou, Fanqin Li, Wenjing Xiong, Zehui Du, Hongyang Wu, Celimuge Guo, Song Quek, Tony Q.S Han, Zhu State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore487372 Singapore University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong University of Electro-Communications Meta-Networking Research Center Tokyo Japan Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

The utilization of emergent generative artificial intelligence (GAI) within the realm of unmanned vehicles (UVs) can boost edge intelligence and potentially enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of rescue operations. However, to facilitate specialized generative edge intelligence in dynamic UV networks, GAI models need to tap into local data and conduct online fine-tuning, and the dispersed distribution of UVs makes distributed fine-tuning paradigms crucial. Although the federated generative model fine-tuning brings a potential solution, the large number of parameter transmissions involved in its fine-tuning process are often constrained by communication bottlenecks, which are more pronounced for resource-constrained UV networks. To cope with these challenges, we introduce an energy-efficient GAI model fine-tuning framework for the hierarchical UV networks, which employs over-the-air technology to save computational resource costs for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) during federated aggregation within a federated learning paradigm. Thereafter, we study the resource allocation problem in the fine-tuning process of the generative model and formulate a joint optimization problem for the bandwidth allocation, power control, computation resource allocation, and denoising factor control, aiming to minimize the system energy consumption. Then, we decouple the original problem into four tractable subproblems, and propose a block coordinate descent algorithm to solve them iteratively. Particularly, we derive a closed-form solution for the denoising factor to minimize the local model uploading transmission energy consumption under a specific AirComp communication error threshold. Simulation based on the state-of-the-art generative models shows that our AirComp-assisted federated generative model fine-tuning scheme can achieve satisfactory customized field-of-view image generation capability compared with the traditional fine-tuning scheme in an energy-efficient way. © 2015 I

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Near-field communications:characteristics,technologies,and engineering

引用

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic engineering 2024年第12期25卷 1580-1626页

作者： Yajun ZHAO Linglong DAI Jianhua ZHANG Ran JI Mengnan JIAN Hao XUE Hongkang YU Yunqi SUN Yu LU Zidong WU Zhuo XU Jinke LI Haiyang MIAO Zhiqiang YUAN Pan TANG Jiayu SHEN Tierui GONG Haixia LIU Jiaqi HAN Qiang FENG Zhi CHEN Lingxiang LI Gang YANG Yong ZENG Cunhua PAN Wang LIU Kangda ZHI Weidong HU Yuanwei LIU Xidong MU Chau YUEN Mérouane DEBBAH Chongwen HUANG Long LI Ping ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology Shenzhen 518055China ZTE Corporation Beijing 100192China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310007China Key Laboratory of High Speed Circuit Design and EMC of Ministry of Education School of Electronic EngineeringXidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211111China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Technical University of BerlinBerlin 10623Germany School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Centre for Wireless Innovation(CWI) School of ElectronicsElectrical Engineering and Computer ScienceQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT39DTUK School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore KU 6G Research Center Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Near-field technology is increasingly recognized due to its transformative potential in communication systems,establishing it as a critical enabler for sixth-generation(6G)telecommunication *** paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent advancements in near-field technology ***,we explore the near-field propagation fundamentals by detailing definitions,transmission characteristics,and performance ***,we investigate various near-field channel models—deterministic,stochastic,and electromagnetic information theory based models,and review the latest progress in near-field channel testing,highlighting practical performance and *** evolving channel models,traditional mechanisms such as channel estimation,beamtraining,and codebook design require redesign and optimization to align with near-field propagation *** then introduce innovative beam designs enabled by near-field technologies,focusing on non-diffractive beams(such as Bessel and Airy)and orbital angular momentum(OAM)beams,addressing both hardware architectures and signal processing frameworks,showcasing their revolutionary potential in near-field communication ***,we highlight progress in both engineering and standardization,covering the primary 6G spectrum allocation,enabling technologies for near-field propagation,and network deployment ***,we conclude by identifying promising future research directions for near-field technology development that could significantly impact system *** comprehensive review provides a detailed understanding of the current state and potential of near-field technologies.

关键词： 6G Near-field technology Channel model Codebook Non-diffractive beams Orbital angular momentum engineering and standardization

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