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Recent Advances in Parity-Time Symmetry-Enabled Electromagnetic Sensors

Progress In Electromagnetics Research B 2024年 105卷 107-121页

作者： Yang, Minye Ye, Zhilu Chen, Pai-Yen Erricolo, Danilo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education School of Electronic Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine School of Life Science and Technology International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technology Xi’an Key Laboratory for Biomedical Testing and High-end Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Parity-time (PT) reversal symmetry, as a representative example in the field of non-Hermitian physics, has attracted widespread research interest in the past few years due to its extraordinary wave dynamics. PT symmetry enables unique spectral singularities including the exceptional point (EP) degeneracy where two or more eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce, as well as the coherent perfect absorber-laser (CPAL) point where laser and its time-reversal counterpart (i.e., coherent perfect absorber) can coexist at the same frequency. These singular points not only give rise to new physical phenomena but also provide new plausibility for building the next-generation sensors and detectors with unprecedented sensitivity. To date, investigations into EPs and CPAL points have unveiled their great potential in various sensing scenarios across a broad spectral range, spanning optics, photonics, electronics, and acoustics. In this review article, we will discuss ongoing developments of EP- and CPAL-based sensors composed of PT-synthetic structures and offer a glimpse into the future research directions in this emerging field. © (2024), (Electromagnetics Academy). All rights reserved.

关键词： Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions

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Disentangling Spatio-Temporal Knowledge for Weakly Supervised Object Detection and Segmentation in Surgical Video

Disentangling Spatio-Temporal Knowledge for Weakly Supervise...

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2025 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of computer Vision, WACV 2025

作者： Liao, Guiqiu Jogan, Matjaz Koushik, Sai Eaton, Eric Hashimoto, Daniel A. University of Pennsylvania Pcaso Laboratory Department of Surgery United States University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering United States University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510831

Weakly supervised video object segmentation (WSVOS) enables the identification of segmentation maps without requiring extensive annotations of object masks, relying instead on coarse video labels indicating object presence. WSVOS in surgical videos is, however, more challenging due to the complex interaction of multiple transient objects, such as surgical tools moving in and out of the surgical field. In this scenario, state-of-the-art WSVOS methods struggle to learn accurate segmentation maps. We address this problem by introducing ViDeo Spatio-Temporal disentanglement Networks (VDST-Net), a framework to disentangle complex spatio-temporal object interactions using semi-decoupled knowledge distillation to predict high-quality class activation maps (CAMs). A teacher network is designed to help a temporal-reasoning student network resolve activation conflicts, as the student leverages temporal dependencies when specifics about object location and timing in the video are not provided. We demonstrate the efficacy of our framework on a challenging surgical video dataset where objects are, on average, present in less than 60% of annotated frames, and compare our method to state-of-the-art methods on surgical data and on a public dataset commonly used to benchmark WSVOS. Our method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques and generates accurate segmentation masks under video-level weak supervision. Our code is available at: https://***/PCASOlab/VDST-net. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Multidimensional Voronoi Constellations vs. Short Blocklength Probabilistic Shaping: A Comparison for Multilevel Coding Approach

Multidimensional Voronoi Constellations vs. Short Blocklengt...

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2024 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference, ACP 2024 and International Conference on Information Photonics and Optical Communications, IPOC 2024

作者： Sheng, Yajie Chen, Bin Lei, Yi Deng, Jingxin Xu, Jiwei Fu, Mengfan Zhuge, Qunbi Li, Shen Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Université Laval Québec Canada

Performance of concatenated multilevel coding with probabilistic shaping (PS) and Voronoi constellations (VCs) is analysed over AWGN channel. Numerical results show that VCs provide up to 1.3 dB SNR gains over PS-QAM ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379266

关键词： Probability distributions

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XMeta-OS: A Conceptual Framework for Unified Resource Management in Distributed Edge-Cloud Environments 3rd

XMeta-OS: A Conceptual Framework for Unified Resource Manag...

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3rd International Conference on Advances in Computing Research, ACR 2025

作者： Zacharioudakis, Eleftherios Kakoulli, Elena Evripidou, Salomi Intelligent Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science Neapolis University Pafos Pafos Cyprus National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute Kyiv Ukraine Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering and Informatics Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9783031876462

This paper introduces XMeta-OS, a meta-operating system specially designed with Linux as its foundation to unify and optimize resource management for the distributed edge-cloud when dynamic use of GPU resources is possible. This approach offer a new GPU abstraction layer and dynamic edge-cloud allocation model that offer enhanced flexibility and resource utilization over existing systems like Kubernetes and OpenStack. By using likely sensitive data, the model applied cloud-pushed deployment model. XMeta-OS manages computer resources in real-time. Therefore, fulfilling high performance various needs. It allocates CPU and GPU in real-time to workloads requiring massive parallel processing, such as machine learning, scientific simulations, real-time data analytics, and transportation tasks. Fabrication in the laboratory of an edge-cloud environment can help to assess the scalability, fault tolerance and efficiency of the system. It showcases the overall architectural design of XMeta-OS. Changes to the kernel and security solutions for safe and effective distribution are suggested. This article presents the design of the XMeta-OS. The future of XMeta-OS entails usage and testing with which we see latency, energy, computation and other such measurements in labs. XMeta-OS is a solution to cost performance, emerging application, large-scale edge-cloud deployments, and distributed GPU-enabled infrastructures. Meta-Operating System in Edge-Cloud Continuum for dynamic resource management of GPU. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Cluster computing

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Measuring positive public transit accessibility using big transit data

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Geo-Spatial Information science 2021年第4期24卷 722-741页

作者： Tong Zhang Wenyuan Zhang Zhenxuan He State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote SensingWuhan UniversityWuhanChina Department of Computer Science and Engineering New York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Most of the current existing accessibility measures quantify the potential of reaching desirable opportunities across space and ***,these potential measurements only illus-trate the maximum possible accessibility a person can have,which may not accurately measure real-world transit accessibility in urban *** paper introduces a novel methodology to measure positive public transit accessibility based on multi-source big public transit data such as Smart Card Data(SCD)and Global Navigation Satellite System trajectory data,which embed rich travel information and real-world spatio-temporal ***,we use multi-source transit data to reconstruct trip chains,which are used to extract popular destinations.A novel transit accessibility measure is defined to account for latent trip information such as mode/route preference,opportunity attraction,and travel impedance that are difficult to capture explicitly via traditional normative ***,we produce accessibility maps to visualize time-varying and heterogeneous accessibility patterns distributed over the study *** performed an empirical evaluation on real-world transit data collected in Shenzhen City,China,demonstrating the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method in mapping positive transit accessibility over large metropolitan *** results and findings of the empirical study demonstrate that the proposed positive accessibility measure can better capture travel behavior characteristics and constraints than traditional normative *** measure-ment method can be used as a practical high-resolution mapping tool for transit decision makers in evaluating public transit systems,supporting strategic transit planning,and improv-ing daily transit management.

关键词： Public transit positive accessibility smart card data spatio-temporal

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A 2.2-3.6 GHz CMOS Reconfigurable Fourth-Order Bandpass Filter With Compact Size and High Selectivity Using Transformer-Type Resonators

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IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 2023年第1期71卷 218-229页

作者： Li, Kun Liu, Bin Chi, Pei-Ling Wang, Yong Yang, Tao University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Chengdu Sichuan610054 China National Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan Nanhu Laboratory Research Center of Advanced Rf Chips and Systems Jiaxing Zhejiang314000 China

A compact reconfigurable CMOS bandpass filter (BPF) with high selectivity is proposed using transformer-type resonators in this article. The transformer-type resonator is constructed by a transformer loaded with parallel varactors for frequency tuning, and two varactors are then added across primary wind and secondary wind for coupling tuning. With the transformer-type structure, one resonator is formed inside another resonator, thus fully utilizing the chip area and resulting in a miniaturized structure. Magnetic and electrical couplings are formed within the transformer-type resonator and facilitate the bandwidth (BW) tuning. The quality factor (Q) of each resonator is improved by cross-coupled negative resistance structure. Meanwhile, two pairs of transformer-type resonators are placed side-by-side and naturally form a quadruplet structure;as a result, two transmission zeros (TZs) are introduced at each side of the passband thus significantly improving the selectivity and stopband rejection of the BPF. The proposed tunable on-chip BPF is manufactured by a commercial 55 nm bulk CMOS technology with a core area of 1.48 × 0.54 mm2. The filter center frequency (CF) can be tuned from 2.2 to 3.6 GHz, while the 3 dB fractional BW (FBW) can be tuned from 14% to 33%. The shape factor of the proposed filter is 1.4-1.9. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Varactors

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High-Resolution Detection of Stratospheric Aerosols in CALIPSO Atmospheric Lidar Data Facilitated by the CALIOP-Density-Dimension Algorithm

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and remote sensing 2025年

作者： Herzfeld, Ute C. Trantow, Thomas Vaughan, Mark Palm, Stephen Opfer, Camden Rodriguez, Eric University of Colorado GeomathematicsRemote Sensing and Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory Department of Electrical Energy and Computer Engineering Department of Computer Science Colorado Boulder80309-0425 United States University of Colorado Geomathematics Remote Sensing and Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory Department of Electrical Energy and Computer Engineering BoulderCO80309-0425 United States Lidar Science Branch NASA Langley Research Center Science Directorate HamptonVA United States Mesoscale Atmosphere Processes Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate a new capability to detect faint stratospheric aerosols in atmospheric lidar data from NASA’s Cloud-Aerosol Lidar Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) Mission (12 June 2006 30 June 2023) at high resolution. Faint aerosols from wildfires, distant volcanic eruptions, and Asian and Saharan dust storms play important roles in the Earth-Atmosphere system, as they provide essential air quality and pollution, airline safety, climate radiative forcing, monitoring of fires and volcanic eruptions, environmental safety, and weather forecasting. Tenuous aerosols are recorded in the CALIOP atmospheric lidar data from the CALIPSO mission, but especially extremely faint stratospheric aerosol layers often escape detection and classification partly or entirely in the current CALIOP data analysis scheme. To solve this problem, we introduce a new algorithm for detection and height determination of atmospheric layers, the Density-Dimension Algorithm for CALIOP data analysis (CALIOP-DDA). The DDA is an auto-adaptive algorithm that builds on concepts from artificial intelligence and spatial statistics. Core steps are calculation of a density field and application of a threshold function for signal-noise separation. Stratospheric aerosol detection is aided by the tropopause split concept. The CALIOP-DDA facilitates detection of extremely faint stratospheric aerosols from various sources, including distant wildfires and volcanic eruptions, in night-time and day-time CALIOP data, even in presence of complex types of other cloud and aerosol layers across a large range of optical thicknesses, while retaining the full 334m along-track, 30m height resolution, without creating false positives. CALIOP-DDA results are evaluated by comparison to layer heights derived from airborne validation experiments, conducted using the Cloud Physics Lidar (CPL). In conclusion, the CALIOP-DDA holds promise as the algorithmic basis for a future improv

关键词： Air quality

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Submonolayer biolasers for ultrasensitive biomarker detection

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Light(science & Applications) 2023年第12期12卷 2768-2777页

作者： Chaoyang Gong Xi Yang Shui-Jing Tang Qian-Qian Zhang Yanqiong Wang Yi-Ling Liu Yu-Cheng Chen Gang-Ding Peng Xudong Fan Yun-Feng Xiao Yun-Jiang Rao Yuan Gong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications(Ministry of Education of China) School of Information and Communication EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan 611731China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems(Ministry of Education of China) School of Optoelectronic EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Frontiers Science Centre for Nano-optoelectronics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Research Centre for Optical Fiber Sensing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhouZhejiang 310000China

Biomarker detection is key to identifying health ***,designing sensitive and single-use biosensors for early diagnosis remains a major ***,we report submonolayer lasers on optical fibers as ultrasensitive and disposable *** optical fibers serve as distributed optical microcavities with high Q-factor,great repeatability,and ultralow cost,which enables whispering-gallery laser emission to detect *** is found that the sensing performance strongly depends on the number of gain *** submonolayer lasers obtained a six-order-of-magnitude improvement in the lower limit of detection(LOD)when compared to saturated monolayer *** further achieve an ultrasensitive immunoassay for a Parkinson's disease biomarker,alpha-synuclein(α-syn),with a lower LOD of 0.32 pM in serum,which is three orders of magnitude lower than theα-syn concentration in the serum of Parkinson's disease *** demonstration of submonolayer biolaser offers great potentials in high-throughput clinical diagnosis with ultimate sensitivity.

关键词： lasers monolayer diagnosis

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Optimal Control of Connected Automated Vehicles with Event-Triggered Control Barrier Functions: a Test Bed for Safe Optimal Merging

Optimal Control of Connected Automated Vehicles with Event-T...

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2023 IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications, CCTA 2023

作者： Sabouni, Ehsan Ahmad, H.M. Sabbir Xiao, Wei Cassandras, Christos G. Li, Wenchao Boston University Division of Systems Engineering Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering BostonMA United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory CambridgeMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350335446

We address the problem of safely coordinating a network of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) in conflict areas of a traffic network. Such problems can be solved through a combination of tractable optimal control problems and Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) that guarantee the satisfaction of all constraints. These solutions can be reduced to a sequence of Quadratic Programs (QPs) which are efficiently solved online over discrete time steps. However, guaranteeing the feasibility of the CBF-based QP method within each discretized time interval requires the careful selection of time steps which need to be sufficiently small. This creates computational requirements and communication rates between agents which may limit the controller's application to real CAVs. We tackle this limitation by adopting an event-triggered control approach for CAVs such that the next QP is triggered by properly defined events with a safety guarantee. We present a laboratory-scale test bed developed to emulate merging roadways using mobile robots as CAVs. We present results to demonstrate how the event-triggered scheme is computationally efficient and can handle measurement uncertainties and noise compared to time-driven control while guaranteeing safety. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Merging

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Guest Editorial: Special Issue on Human-Machine Fusion Decision-Making for Emergency Handling

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IEEE Transactions on Automation science and engineering 2025年 22卷 4427-4433页

作者： Wu, Edmond Q. Li, Jianqiang Chen, Guimin Yuce, Mehmet R. Islam, Shafiqul Ser, Javier Del Yu, Hui Liu, Peter Xiaoping Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China College of Computer and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University MelbourneVIC3800 Australia Xavier University of Louisiana New OrleansLA70125 United States Tecnalia Institute Bizkaia48160 Spain School of Creative Technologies University of Portsmouth PortsmouthPO1 2UP United Kingdom Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University OttawaONKIS 5B6 Canada

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