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Medical Imaging 2025: Digital and Computational Pathology

作者： Bao, Shunxing Wang, Yaohong Rudravaram, Gaurav Zhang, Rendong Deng, Ruining Yu, Xin Gao, Chenyu Li, Jia Li, Yike Roland, Joseph T. Zuo, Lianrui Liu, Qi Lau, Ken S. Coburn, Lori A. Wilson, Keith T. Landman, Bennett A. Huo, Yuankai Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Department of Anatomical Pathology UT MD Anderson Cancer Center HoustonTX United States Department of Computer Science Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN United States Department of Biostatistics Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville United States Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN United States Department of Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN United States Department of Cell and Developmental Biology Vanderbilt University School of Medicine NashvilleTN United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Medicine Nashville United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Vanderbilt Center for Mucosal Inflammation and Cancer Nashville United States Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Program in Cancer Biology Nashville United States Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System NashvilleTN United States Vanderbilt University Medical Center Department of Pathology Microbiology and Immunology NashvilleTN United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510686045

Understanding epithelial cell aging in bowel tissue can provide critical insights into gastrointestinal (GI) health, potentially leading to improved diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies for various GI conditions. Despite the significance of cellular aging in the GI tract, previous studies have not quantified epithelial cell maturity development along the base-to-surface axis of colon crypts due to the labor-intensive nature of manual quantification and the lack of a clear definition of cellular age. Moreover, the process faces tremendous challenges when tissue is cut in 2D and examines results solely from one or a few biopsy cuts without reconstructing the full 3D space, as the original cell structure is 3D, leading to variability based on the cut angle. This research addresses these challenges by systematically analyzing the relationship between epithelial cell morphology and their position from the base to the surface in colon crypt tissue. Our approach involves using multiplex immunofluorescence (MxIF) imaging for cell nuclei segmentation, identifying the potential full longitudinal cut, and manually annotating the surface and base of the colon crypts. By analyzing the epithelial cells, we create density maps to investigate the relationship between nucleus size and the surface-to-base distance ratio, defining this ratio as cell age. We also examine the nucleus-to-cytoplasm (N/C) ratio in relation to cell age. For the statistical analysis, we use a robust linear regression model to remove outliers and a random effects model for the final regression. Our results show a decreasing trend in both the N/C ratio and nucleus size as epithelial cells move from the base to the surface. These findings provide a quantitative pipeline for single-cell profiling in a spatial manner, facilitating broader analysis of epithelial cell aging and its implications for GI health. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Linear regression

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Electrochemical biosensor based on an atomic layered composite of graphene oxide/graphene as an electrode material towards selective and sensitive detection of miRNA-21

引用

Microchemical Journal 2024年 199卷

作者： Huang, Min-Shin Govindasamy, Mani Chinnapaiyan, Sathishkumar Lin, Yi-Ting Lu, Shao-Yang Samukawa, Seiji Huang, Chi-Hsien Department of Materials Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 243303 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 24303 Taiwan Centre for Applied Research Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Chennai-602105 Tamil Nadu India Institute of Fluid Science Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Division of Rheumatology Allergy and Immunology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan City 33305 Taiwan College of Engineering Chang Gung University Taoyuan City 33302 Taiwan

Development of an efficient technique towards the detection of miRNAs is highly significant for the timely diagnosis and prognosis of cancers. In this study, we utilized the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique to grow bilayer graphene (BLG) on copper foil and subsequently transferred the BLG to fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate via a facile wet transfer technique. The upper layer of the BLG was modified to graphene oxide (GO) with a low damage plasma treatment (LDPT) process to serve as a biomolecule receiving layer and the lower graphene layer (G) serves as an electron transport layer. The developed GO/G/FTO platform offers superior sensing ability towards the miRNA-21. The results demonstrated that the proposed GO/G/FTO substrate detect the miRNA-21 with a wide linear range (10 fM ∼ 1 nM), low limit of detection (3.18 fM), high sensitivity (0.6 mApM⁻¹cm⁻²), selectivity and stability via the differential pulse voltammetry method. Additionally, the sensors can efficiently discriminate the target miRNA-21 from its complementary base mismatched counterparts. The proposed approach serves as an excellent tool for the early diagnosis of diseases. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Atomic layer oxidation Biosensor Cancer biomarkers Electrochemical Graphene oxide Plasma treatment

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Predicting DNA Damage Response in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Organoids Via Simultaneous Label-Free Autofluorescence Multiharmonic Microscopy

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Roh, Terrence T. Alex, Aneesh Chandramouleeswaran, Prasanna Sorrells, Janet E. Ho, Alexander Iyer, Rishee Spillman, Darold Spillman Marjanovic, Marina Ekert, Jason E. Hood, Steve R. Sridharan, BanuPriya Boppart, Stephen A. GSK Center for Optical Molecular Imaging Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States In Vitro In Vivo Translation GSK plc CollegevillePA19426 United States In Vitro In Vivo Translation GSK plc StevenageSG1 2NY United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Cancer Center at Illinois University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

The DNA damage response (DDR) is a fundamental readout for evaluating efficacy of cancer therapeutics, many of which target DNA associated processes. Current techniques to evaluate DDR rely on immunostaining for γ-H2AX foci (γ-H2AX), which is an indicator of DNA double-strand breaks. While γ-H2AX immunostaining can provide a snapshot of DDR in fixed cell and tissue samples, this method is technically cumbersome due to 1) temporal monitoring of DDR requiring timepoint replicates;2) extensive assay development efforts for 3D cell culture samples such as organoids, and 3) time-consuming protocols for γ-H2AX immunostaining and its evaluation. The goal of this current study is to reduce overall burden on assay duration and development in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) organoids by leveraging label-free multiphoton imaging. To predict DDR in 3D organoid samples, label-free multimodal multiphoton techniques such as simultaneous label-free autofluorescence multiharmonic (SLAM) microscopy provide intracellular information based on endogenous contrast mechanisms. SLAM enables imaging of live samples without the need for labeling or generating sacrificial sample replicates and has improved image acquisition in 3D space over conventional confocal microscopy. Predictive modeling between label-free SLAM and γ-H2AX immunostained images confirmed strong correlation between SLAM image features and γ-H2AX signal. Across multiple DNA targeting chemotherapeutics and multiple patient-derived NSCLC organoid lines, the optical redox ratio and third harmonic generation channels were used to robustly predict DDR. Imaging via SLAM microscopy can be used to more rapidly predict DDR in live 3D NSCLC organoids with minimal sample handling and without labeling. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： DNA

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Review: Topology of solitons and singular defects in chiral liquid crystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Jin-Sheng Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Dept. of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Widely known for their uses in displays and electro-optics, liquid crystals are more than just technological marvels. They vividly reveal the topology and structure of various solitonic and singular field configurations, often markedly resembling the ones arising in many field theories and in the areas ranging from particle physics to optics, hard condensed matter and cosmology. In this review, we focus on chiral nematic liquid crystals to show how these experimentally highly accessible systems provide valuable insights into the structure and behavior of fractional, full, and multi-integer two-dimensional skyrmions, dislocations and both abelian and non-abelian defect lines, as well as various three-dimensionally localized, often knotted structures that include hopfions, heliknotons, torons and twistions. We provide comparisons of some of these field configurations with their topological counterparts in chiral magnets, discussing close analogies between these two condensed matter systems. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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Nanoplasmonic microbubble and nanoplasmonic sensing – Two birds in one stone

Nanoplasmonic microbubble and nanoplasmonic sensing – Two b...

引用

Optical Sensors, Sensors 2020 - Part of Optical Sensors and Sensing Congress 2020

作者： Ohannesian, Nareg Misbah, Ibrahim Shih, Wei-Chuan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Rd HoustonTX77004 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Rd HoustonTX77004 United States Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Rd HoustonTX77004 United States Department of Chemistry University of Houston 4800 Calhoun Rd HoustonTX77004 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

We present low power operated nanoplasmonic microbubble generation using near infrared light for particle concentrating on high-density arrayed nanoporous gold disks. Utilizing a spatial light modulator provides precise control of size and location of multiple microbubbles. After concentrating, various nanoplasmonic sensing techniques can be directly performed. © OSA 2020.

关键词： Infrared devices

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Topological Modes in a Laser Cavity through Exceptional State Transfer

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Schumer, A. Liu, Y.G.N. Leshin, J. Ding, L. Alahmadi, Y. Hassan, A.U. Nasari, H. Rotter, S. Christodoulides, D.N. LiKamWa, P. Khajavikhan, M. Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States ViennaA-1040 Austria CREOL The College of Optics and Photonics University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32816-2700 United States Center of Excellence for Telecomm Applications Joint Centers of Excellence Program King Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology Riyadh11442 Saudi Arabia

Shaping the light emission characteristics of laser systems is of great importance in various areas of science and technology. In a typical lasing arrangement, the transverse spatial profile of a laser mode tends to remain self-similar throughout the entire cavity. Going beyond this paradigm, we demonstrate here how to shape a spatially evolving mode such that it faithfully settles into a pair of bi-orthogonal states at the two opposing facets of a laser cavity. This is achieved by purposely designing a structure that allows the lasing mode to encircle a non-Hermitian exceptional point while deliberately avoiding non-adiabatic jumps. The resulting state transfer reflects the unique topology of the associated Riemann surfaces associated with this singularity. Our approach provides a route to develop versatile mode selective active devices, and sheds light on the intriguing topological features of exceptional points. One-Sentence Summary: A laser cavity is designed that operates in a topological mode whose spatial evolution exploits the topology surrounding an exceptional point. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Topology

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Feasibility study of Information Technology Investment (a case study of ODOO ERP: Project Management Module Implementation in Indonesia Based Company) 10

Feasibility study of Information Technology Investment (a ca...

引用

10th International Conference on ICT for Smart Society, ICISS 2019

作者： Jingga, Fredy Kosala, Raymond Supangkat, Suhono Harso Ranti, Benny School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Doctor of Computer Science Information Systems Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Doctor of Computer Science Jakarta11480 Indonesia Bandung Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728148809

IT Governance are one of the needs in managing Enterprise Level IT. This study shows part of the decision domain of IT Governance Help, which are IT Investment and Prioritization. The purpose of this study is to determine feasibility of implementation open source ERP system Odoo project management module that replaces current system based on operational, economic, and technical aspects. The method used are Fit/Gap Analysis and Cost Benefit model using economic impact worksheet. The analysis is done by comparing the requirement with features owned by current system and Odoo ERP system. This research resulted that Odoo ERP System is feasible in the 3 aspects, the operational feasibility Odoo reaching 72% Fit, the economic feasibility with ROI of 84%, and technical feasibility indicating the technical requirement can be fulfilled by leasing AWS server. The conclusion is the open source ERP system Odoo project management module is feasible to be applied in terms of 3 aspects that have been studied, those are operational, economic, and technical. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Cost benefit analysis

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Deepfake histological images for enhancing digital pathology

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Falahkheirkhah, Kianoush Tiwari, Saumya Yeh, Kevin Gupta, Sounak Herrera-Hernandez, Loren McCarthy, Michael R. Jimenez, Rafael E. Cheville, John C. Bhargava, Rohit Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Cancer Center at Illinois University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Medicine University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92122 United States College of Medicine and Science Mayo Clinic RochesterMN55905 United States

A pathologist’s optical microscopic examination of thinly cut stained tissue on glass slides prepared from a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks is the gold standard for tissue diagnostics. In addition, the diagnostic abilities and expertise of any pathologist is dependent on their direct experience with common as well as rarer variant morphologies. Recently, deep learning approaches have been used to successfully show a high level of accuracy for such tasks. However, obtaining expert-level annotated images is an expensive and time-consuming task and artificially synthesized histological images can prove greatly beneficial. Here, we present an approach to not only generate histological images that reproduce the diagnostic morphologic features of common disease but also provide a user ability to generate new and rare morphologies. Our approach involves developing a generative adversarial network (GAN) model that synthesizes pathology images constrained by class labels. We investigated the ability of this framework in synthesizing realistic prostate and colon tissue images and assessed the utility of these images in augmenting diagnostic ability of machine learning methods as well as their usability by a panel of experienced anatomic pathologists. Synthetic data generated by our framework performed similar to real data in training a deep learning model for diagnosis. Pathologists were not able to distinguish between real and synthetic images and showed a similar level of inter-observer agreement for prostate cancer grading. We extended the approach to significantly more complex images from colon biopsies and showed that the complex microenvironment in such tissues can also be reproduced. Finally, we present the ability for a user to generate deepfake histological images via a simple markup of sematic labels. These advances allow for building comprehensive diagnostic pipelines that can also handle complex or rare cases, a systematic exploration into t

关键词： Tissue

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Perovskite superlattices with efficient carrier dynamics

Research Square

引用

Research Square 2021年

作者： Xu, Sheng Lei, Yusheng Li, Yuheng Lu, Chengchangfeng Yan, Qizhang Gong, Huaxin Zhang, Song Zhou, Jiayun Zhang, Ruiqi Chen, Yimu Tsai, Hsinhan Gu, Yue Hu, Hongjie Lo, Yu-Hwa Nie, Wanyi Lee, Taeyoon Luo, Jian Yang, Kesong Jang, Kyung-In Department of Nanoengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093-0448 United States Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Material Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093-0418 United States Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul03722 Korea Republic of Department of Bio and Brain Engineering Korea Institute of Science and Technology Korea Republic of Department of Robotics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology Daegu42988 Korea Republic of Department of Bioengineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093-0412 United States

Compared with their three-dimensional counterparts, low-dimensional metal halide perovskites with periodic inorganic/organic structures have shown promising stability and hysteresis-free electrical performance, which paves the way for next-generation optoelectronic devices. However, when integrated in devices, they have relatively limited efficiencies because devices usually require carrier transport through the film thickness direction. In conventionally grown single crystals, the carrier transport in the thickness direction is hindered by the insulating organic spacers. In addition, the strong quantum confinement from the organic spacers limits the generation and transport of free carriers. The carrier dynamics is further compromised by the presence of grain boundaries in polycrystals. Here, we report a low-dimensional metal halide perovskite superlattice with efficient carrier transport in three dimensions by epitaxial growth. Epitaxy on a slightly lattice-mismatched substrate compresses the organic spacers in the superlattice, which weakens the quantum confinement and further improves carrier dynamics. The performance of a low-dimensional perovskite superlattice solar cell has been certified under the quasi-steady state for the first time. Moreover, the device shows an unusually high open-circuit voltage, due to a unique intra-band exciton relaxation mechanism. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Grain boundaries

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Intelligent reflecting surface assisted anti-jamming communications: A fast reinforcement learning approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Yang, Helin Xiong, Zehui Zhao, Jun Niyato, Dusit Wu, Qingqing Vincent Poor, H. Tornatore, Massimo School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore119260 Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano Milan20133 Italy

Malicious jamming launched by smart jammers can attack legitimate transmissions, which has been regarded as one of the critical security challenges in wireless communications. With this focus, this paper considers the use of an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) to enhance anti-jamming communication performance and mitigate jamming interference by adjusting the surface reflecting elements at the IRS. Aiming to enhance the communication performance against a smart jammer, an optimization problem for jointly optimizing power allocation at the base station (BS) and reflecting beamforming at the IRS is formulated while considering quality of service (QoS) requirements of legitimate users. As the jamming model and jamming behavior are dynamic and unknown, a fuzzy win or learn fast-policy hill-climbing (WoLFCPHC) learning approach is proposed to jointly optimize the anti-jamming power allocation and reflecting beamforming strategy, where WoLFCPHC is capable of quickly achieving the optimal policy without the knowledge of the jamming model, and fuzzy state aggregation can represent the uncertain environment states as aggregate states. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed anti-jamming learning-based approach can efficiently improve both the IRS-assisted system rate and transmission protection level compared with existing solutions. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beamforming

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