检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Repositioned Drugs for COVID-19-the Impact on Multiple Organs

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

SN comprehensive clinical medicine 2021年第7期3卷 1484-1501页

作者： Christina Chan Sean T Foster Kayla G Chan Matthew J Cacace Shay L Ladd Caleb T Sandum Paul T Wright Brett Volmert Weiyang Yang Aitor Aguirre Wen Li Neil T Wright Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Sciences Michigan State University 428 S. Shaw Lane Room 2100 EB East Lansing MI 48824 USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA. Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA. Integrative Neuroscience Program Binghamton University Binghamton NY USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA.

This review summarizes published findings of the beneficial and harmful effects on the heart, lungs, immune system, kidney, liver, and central nervous system of 47 drugs that have been proposed to treat COVID-19. Many of the repurposed drugs were chosen for their benefits to the pulmonary system, as well as immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. However, these drugs have mixed effects on the heart, liver, kidney, and central nervous system. Drug treatments are critical in the fight against COVID-19, along with vaccines and public health protocols. Drug treatments are particularly needed as variants of the SARS-Cov-2 virus emerge with some mutations that could diminish the efficacy of the vaccines. Patients with comorbidities are more likely to require hospitalization and greater interventions. The combination of treating severe COVID-19 symptoms in the presence of comorbidities underscores the importance of understanding the effects of potential COVID-19 treatments on other organs.

关键词： COVID-19 Central nervous system Drug repositioning Heart Immune system Kidneys Liver Lungs

On sparse identification of complex dynamical systems: a study on discovering influential reactions in chemical reaction networks

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2020年

作者： Harirchi, Farshad Kim, Doohyun Khalil, Omar Liu, Sijia Elvati, Paolo Baranwal, Mayank Hero, Alfred Violi, Angela Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109–2125 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109–2125 United States Departments of Chemical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Macromolecular Science and Engineering Biophysics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109–2125 United States

A wide variety of real life complex networks are prohibitively large for modeling, analysis and control. Understanding the structure and dynamics of such networks entails creating a smaller representative network that preserves its relevant topological and dynamical properties. While modern machine learning methods have enabled identification of governing laws for complex dynamical systems, their inability to produce white-box models with sufficient physical interpretation renders such methods undesirable to domain experts. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid black-box, white-box approach for the sparse identification of the governing laws for complex, highly coupled dynamical systems with particular emphasis on finding the influential reactions in chemical reaction networks for combustion applications, using a data-driven sparse-learning technique. The proposed approach identifies a set of influential reactions using species concentrations and reaction rates, with minimal computational cost without requiring additional data or simulations. The new approach is applied to analyze the combustion chemistry of H2 and C3H8 in a constant-volume homogeneous reactor. The influential reactions determined by the sparse-learning method are consistent with the current kinetics knowledge of chemical mechanisms. Additionally, we show that a reduced version of the parent mechanism can be generated as a combination of the significantly reduced influential reactions identified at different times and conditions and that for both H2 and C3H8 fuel, the reduced mechanisms perform closely to the parent mechanisms as a function of the ignition delay time over a wide range of conditions. Our results demonstrate the potential of the sparse-learning approach as an effective and efficient tool for dynamical system analysis and reduction. The uniqueness of this approach as applied to combustion systems lies in the ability to identify influential reactions in specified conditions and times dur

关键词： Learning systems

THz Emission from Exchange-Coupled Fe/Ru/Ni Spintronic Emitters

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

THz Emission from Exchange-Coupled Fe/Ru/Ni Spintronic Emitt...

International Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves

作者： R. Adam C. Greb D. E. Bürgler D. Cao S. Heidtfeld F. Wang J. Cheng D. Chakraborty I. Komissarov H. Hardtdegen M. Mikulics M. Büscher C. M. Schneider Roman Sobolewski Research Centre Jülich Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-6) Jülich Germany Institut für Laser- und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Germany College of Physics Center for Marine Observation and Communications Qingdao University Qingdao China Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Research Centre Jülich Ernst Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons Jülich Germany Faculty of Physics University Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Germany Department of Physics University of California Davis Davis California USA

We explored THz emission from $\mathrm{Si}^{2} / \mathrm{SiO}_{2} / / \mathrm{Ta} / \mathrm{Fe} / \mathrm{Ru} /$ $\mathrm{Ni} / \mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$ spintronic emitters. We tuned magnetization alignment of Fe and Ni layers by varying the interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) strength using a range of Ru layer thickness t. Depending on IEC strength, magnetization hysteresis shows either ferromagnetic $(t=1.1 \mathrm{~nm}, 1.5 \mathrm{~nm})$, antiferromagnetic $(t=1.3 \mathrm{~nm})$ or canted $(t=1.7 \mathrm{~nm}, 1.9 \mathrm{~nm})$ relative alignment. Competition between IEC and an external magnetic field results in a dramatic difference in THz emission from the ferromagnetically (FM) and anti-ferromagnetically (AFM) coupled structures. The resulting THz emission from IEC structures is a result of an interference of THz transiens generated by the individual $\mathrm{Fe} / \mathrm{Ru}$ and $\mathrm{Ru} / \mathrm{Ni}$ emitters.

关键词：

Two-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model for helium on graphene

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2021年

作者： Yu, Jiangyong Lauricella, Ethan Elsayed, Mohamed Shepherd, Kenneth Nichols, Nathan S. Lombardi, Todd Kim, Sang Wook Wexler, Carlos Vanegas, Juan M. Lakoba, Taras Kotov, Valeri N. Del Maestro, Adrian Department of Physics University of Vermont BurlingtonVT05405 United States Materials Science Program University of Vermont BurlingtonVT05405 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States Department of Mathematics & Statistics University of Vermont BurlingtonVT05405 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States

An exciting development in the field of correlated systems is the possibility of realizing two-dimensional (2D) phases of quantum matter. For a systems of bosons, an example of strong correlations manifesting themselves in a 2D environment is provided by helium adsorbed on graphene. We construct the effective Bose-Hubbard model for this system which involves hard-core bosons (U ≈ ∞), repulsive nearest-neighbor (V > 0) and small attractive (V0 4He adsorbed on graphene deep in the commensurate solid phase with 1/3 of the sites on the dual triangular lattice occupied. Because the parameters of the effective Bose-Hubbard model are very sensitive to the exact lattice structure, this opens up an avenue to tune quantum phase transitions in this solid-state system. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hubbard model

Terahertz Cavity Phonon Polaritons in Lead Telluride in the Deep-Strong Coupling Regime

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2025年

作者： Baydin, Andrey Manjappa, Manukumara Mishra, Sobhan Subhra Xu, Hongjing Doumani, Jacques Tay, Fuyang Kim, Dasom Rappl, Paulo H.O. Abramof, Eduardo Singh, Ranjan Hernandez, Felix G.G. Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Instrumentation and Applied Physics Department Indian Institute of Science Bangalore560012 India Center for Disruptive Photonic Technologies The Photonics Institute Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Group of Research and Development in Materials and Plasma National Institute for Space Research São José dos Campos São Paulo12201-970 Brazil Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore Instituto de Física Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo05508-090 Brazil Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Lead telluride is an important thermoelectric material due to its large Seebeck coefficient combined with its unusually low thermal conductivity that is related to the strong anharmonicity of phonons in this material. Here, we have studied the resonant and nonperturbative coupling of transverse optical phonons in lead telluride with cavity photons inside small-mode-volume metallic metasurface cavities that have photonic modes with terahertz frequencies. We observed a giant vacuum Rabi splitting on the order of the bare phonon and cavity frequencies. Through terahertz time-domain spectroscopy experiments, we systematically studied the vacuum Rabi splitting as a function of sample thickness, temperature, and cavity length. Under the strongest light–matter coupling conditions, the strength of coupling exceeded the bare phonon and cavity frequencies, putting the system into the deep-strong coupling regime. These results demonstrate that this uniquely tunable platform is promising for realizing and understanding predicted cavity-vacuum-induced ferroelectric instabilities and exploring applications of light–matter coupling in the ultrastrong and deep-strong coupling regimes in quantum technology. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phonons

Resistive Switching Early Failure and Gap Identification in Bilayer Selectorless RRAM Applications

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Resistive Switching Early Failure and Gap Identification in ...

2019 Device Research Conference, DRC 2019

作者： Chen, Ying-Chen Hu, Szu- Tung Lin, Chao-Cheng Lee, Jack C. University of Texas at Austin Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AustinTX United States Material Science and Engineering Program University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute TSRI Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728121123

Resistive random access memory (RRAM) using various metal oxides (i.e., SiO[1], HfO, NiO[2], AlO, TaO5 etc.) have attracted a great attention since the current nonvolatile memory (NVM) has been approaching the scaling limits. However, the sneak path current (SPC) is a main problem in crossbar memory configuration. The SPC significantly affects the read/write operation, because each word line is connected in perpendicular directions to the word line where the interference current from neighbor cells cannot be avoided in the crossbar configurations. In order to suppress the sneak path current in the array application, the transistor, diode, or selector device is designed to be integrated next to the memory cell for reducing the SPC. However, the additional selector device in the socalled 1T-1R or 1S-1R architecture (Fig. 1(a)) increases the cell size, process complexity, and cost. Therefore, the self-rectifying behavior i.e. nonlinear resistive switching (RS) in a 1R-only selectorless RRAM cell has been proposed [3]-[6]. However, the mechanisms in nonlinear characteristic and reliability properties are not yet been investigated. This work studies the reliability of early failure and relaxation properties using gap identification method. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Hafnium oxides

Independent histological validation of MR-derived radio-pathomic maps of tumor cell density using image-guided biopsies in human brain tumors

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of neuro-oncology 2025年 1-12页

作者： Gianluca Nocera Francesco Sanvito Jingwen Yao Sonoko Oshima Samuel A Bobholz Ashley Teraishi Catalina Raymond Kunal Patel Richard G Everson Linda M Liau Jennifer Connelly Antonella Castellano Pietro Mortini Noriko Salamon Timothy F Cloughesy Peter S LaViolette Benjamin M Ellingson UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL) Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA. Department of Radiological Sciences David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA. University Vita-Salute San Raffaele Milan Italy. Neuroradiology Unit and CERMAC IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy. Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Milan Italy. Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan. Department of Radiology Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA. Department of Neurosurgery David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA USA. Department of Neurology Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA. Department of Neurology Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center University of California Los Angeles CA USA. David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA Neuro-Oncology Program University of California Los Angeles CA USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA. UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL) Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA. bellingson@mednet.ucla.edu. Department of Radiological Sciences David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA. bellingson@mednet.ucla.edu. Department of Neurosurgery David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA USA. bellingson@mednet.ucla.edu. Department of Bioengineering Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA. bellingson@mednet.ucla.edu. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA USA. bellingson@mednet.ucla.edu. UCLA Radiology UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging

PURPOSE:In brain gliomas, non-invasive biomarkers reflecting tumor cellularity would be useful to guide supramarginal resections and to plan stereotactic biopsies. We aim to validate a previously-trained machine learning algorithm that generates cellularity prediction maps (CPM) from multiparametric MRI data to an independent, retrospective external cohort of gliomas undergoing image-guided biopsies, and to compare the performance of CPM and diffusion MRI apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in predicting cellularity. METHODS:A cohort of patients with treatment-naïve or recurrent gliomas were prospectively studied. All patients underwent pre-surgical MRI according to the standardized brain tumor imaging protocol. The surgical sampling site was planned based on image-guided biopsy targets and tissue was stained with hematoxylin-eosin for cell density count. The correlation between MRI-derived CPM values and histological cellularity, and between ADC and histological cellularity, was evaluated both assuming independent observations and accounting for non-independent observations. RESULTS:Sixty-six samples from twenty-seven patients were collected. Thirteen patients had treatment-naïve tumors and fourteen had recurrent lesions. CPM value accurately predicted histological cellularity in treatment-naïve patients (b = 1.4, R = 0.2, p = 0.009, rho = 0.41, p = 0.016, RMSE = 1503 cell/mm), but not in the recurrent sub-cohort. Similarly, ADC values showed a significant association with histological cellularity only in treatment-naive patients (b = 1.3, R = 0.22, p = 0.007; rho = -0.37, p = 0.03), not statistically different from the CPM correlation. These findings were confirmed with statistical tests accounting for non-independent observations. CONCLUSION:MRI-derived machine learning generated cellularity prediction maps (CPM) enabled a non-invasive evaluation of tumor cellularity in treatment-naïve glioma patients, although CPM did not clearly outperform ADC alone in this co

关键词： Artificial intelligence Diffusion imaging Glioma Histological validation Imaging biomarker

Optical Thouless pumping transport and nonlinear switching in a topological low-dimensional discrete nematic liquid crystal array

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2022年

作者： Jung, Pawel S. Parto, Midya Pyrialakos, Georgios G. Nasari, Hadiseh Rutkowska, Katarzyna Trippenbach, Marek Khajavikhan, Mercedeh Krolikowski, Wieslaw Christodoulides, Demetrios N. CREOL The College of Optics and Photonics University of Central Florida OrlandoFL32816 United States Faculty of Physics Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Faculty of Physics University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland Department of Physics & Astronomy Dornsife College of Letters Arts & Sciences University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089 United States Laser Physics Centre Research School of Physics and Engineering Australian National University CanberraACT0200 Australia Science Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar

We theoretically investigate a Thouless pumping scheme in the 1D topological Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model for single and multiple band-gaps systems when implemented in a discrete nematic liquid crystal arrangement. For an electrically controlled SSH waveguide array, we numerically demonstrate edge-to-edge light transport at low power levels. On the other hand, at higher powers, the transport is frustrated by light-induced nonlinear defect states, giving rise to robust all-optical switching. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Nematic liquid crystals

Depinning of the charge-density waves in Quasi-2D 1T-TaS2 devices operating at room temperature

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2021年

作者： Mohammadzadeh, A. Rehman, A. Kargar, F. Rumyantsev, S. Smulko, J.M. Knap, W. Lake, R.K. Balandin, Alexander A. Nano-Device Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Bourns College of Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States CENTERA Laboratories Institute of High-Pressure Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw01-142 Poland Phonon Optimized Engineered Materials Center Materials Science and Engineering Program Bourns College of Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics Gdańsk University of Technology Gdańsk80-233 Poland Centre for Advanced Materials and Technologies CEZAMAT Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw02-822 Poland Laboratoire Charles Coulomb University of Montpellier and CNRS Montpellier34950 France Laboratory for Terascale and Terahertz Electronics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

We report on depinning of nearly-commensurate charge-density waves in 1T-TaS2 thin-films at room temperature. A combination of the differential current-voltage measurements with the low-frequency noise spectroscopy provide unambiguous means for detecting the depinning threshold field in quasi-2D materials. The depinning process in 1T-TaS2 is not accompanied by an observable abrupt increase in electric current – in striking contrast to depinning in the conventional charge-density-wave materials with quasi-1D crystal structure. We explained it by the fact that the current density from the charge-density waves in the 1T-TaS2 devices is orders of magnitude smaller than the current density of the free carriers available in the discommensuration network surrounding the commensurate charge-density-wave islands. The depinning fields in 1T-TaS2 thin-film devices are several orders of magnitude larger than those in quasi-1D van der Waals materials. Obtained results are important for the proposed applications of the charge-density-wave devices in electronics. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Van der Waals forces