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2011 MRS Spring Meeting

作者： Hossain, M.Z. Rumyantsev, S.L. Shahil, K.M.F. Teweldebrhan, D. Shur, M. Balandin, A.A. Nano-Device Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside CA 92521 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Center for Integrated Electronics Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY 12180 United States Ioffe Institute Russian Academy of Sciences St. Petersburg 194021 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781605113210

We report results of the study of the low-frequency noise in thin films of bismuth selenide topological insulators, which were mechanically exfoliated from bulk crystals via "graphene-like" procedures. From the resistance dependence on the film thickness, it was established that the surface conduction contributions to electron transport were dominant. It was found that the current fluctuations have the noise spectral density S1 ∞ l/f (where f is the frequency) for the frequency range up to 10 kHz. The obtained noise data are important for transport experiments with topological insulators and for any proposed device applications of these materials. © 2011 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Thin films

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Spectroscopy for intact particles

Spectroscopy for intact particles

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Computational Optical Sensing and Imaging, COSI 2012

作者： Dijk, Thomas Van Bhargava, Rohit Scott Carney, P. Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL United States

In infrared microscopy, the structure and the chemistry of a sample are commingled, distorting the recorded spectra and confounding chemical identication. We provide a physics-based method to recover the material resp...

ISBN: (纸本)1557529477

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Detecting STR peaks in degraded DNA samples

Detecting STR peaks in degraded DNA samples

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4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 2012, BICoB 2012

作者： Marasco, Emanuela Ross, Arun Dawson, Jeremy Moroose, Tina Ambrose, Tanya Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University PO Box 6109 Morgantown WV 26506 United States Forensic and Investigative Science Program West Virginia University PO Box 6121 Morgantown WV 26506 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618397461

Human identification from DNA is typically based on 13 short-tandem repeat (STR) alleles. Commercial kits used in forensic casework rely on the detection of these alleles in DNA samples acquired from an individual. However, the process itself is slow (it can take up to 2 days when conducting a laboratory analysis or 1 hour when using Rapid DNA systems) and has been designed to operate on pristine DNA samples. The need for achieving fast and accurate DNA processing has spurred efforts in developing portable systems that can reduce the processing time to less than 1 hour. But such systems are expected to operate on degraded DNA samples due to the architecture and process used by the instrument. Consequently, detecting the alleles in such degraded DNA samples can be a challenging problem. In this paper, we present an algorithm to detected allelic peaks from degraded DNA signals based on an adaptive signal-processing scheme. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated on two datasets: 1) data collected at the WVU department of Forensic and Investigative sciences, obtained by performing a controlled DNA degradation using ultraviolet radiation, 2) data provided by NIST obtained by varying cycle counts for the PCR processing step. Experiments indicate the efficacy of the algorithm in allelic peak detection and reiterate the need for approaching the problem in a systematic manner.

关键词： DNA

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A Statistical Model for Uplink Intercell Interference with Power Adaptation and Greedy Scheduling

A Statistical Model for Uplink Intercell Interference with P...

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IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference

作者： Hina Tabassum Ferkan Yilmaz Zaher Dawy Mohamed Slim Alouini Electrical Engineering Program King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering American University of Beirut (AUB)

ISBN: (纸本)9781467318808

This paper deals with the statistical modeling of uplink inter-cell interference (ICI) considering greedy scheduling with power adaptation based on channel conditions. The derived model is implicitly generalized for any kind of shadowing and fading environments. More precisely, we develop a generic model for the distribution of ICI based on the locations of the allocated users and their transmit powers. The derived model is utilized to evaluate important network performance metrics such as ergodic capacity, average fairness and average power preservation numerically. Monte-Carlo simulation details are included to support the analysis and show the accuracy of the derived expressions. In parallel to the literature, we show that greedy scheduling with power adaptation reduces the ICI, average power consumption of users, and enhances the average fairness among users, compared to the case without power adaptation.

关键词： statistical models (nuclear) inter-cell interference greedy method Consumers Power (Psychology) ICI up link Performance metrics Energy sources Shadowing (Histology) average power TRANSMITTING

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Investigation of bacterial biofilms in the human middle ear using OCT techniques and acoustic measurements

Investigation of bacterial biofilms in the human middle ear ...

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Biomedical Optics, BIOMED 2012

作者： Nguyen, Cac T. Jung, Woonggyu Robinson, Sarah Allen, Jont B. Boppart, Stephen A. Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529428

Our work proposes a novel approach to investigate bacterial biofilms in human middle ear using two methods, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and acoustic measurements. Noninvasive OCT images were collected to visualize cross-sectional structure of the middle ear and confirm the presence of biofilms behind the tympanic membrane (TM). The acoustic measurements implemented by multi-frequency power reflectance provide sound reflectance/transmittance/impedance characteristics of the middle ears. These acoustic measurements are then represented by poles and zeros plots which are then analyzed to determine physical acoustic characteristics and to synthesize a new acoustic model of the middle ear. This method combination of optical imaging and acoustic measurements is implemented on normal and pathologic human ears to study the presence of biofilms and their impact on conductive hearing loss. © OSA 2012.

关键词： Optical tomography

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Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy as a tool for characterizing nanostructures containing molecular components

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2012年第1期1506卷 57-61页

作者： Ke Xu Justin Abell Yiping Zhao Jun Qian Kimber Brenneman Xenia Meshik Mitra Dutta Michael Stroscio Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering The University of Georgia Athens GA USA Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Georgia Athens GA USA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA and Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA

Raman spectroscopy, which is based on inelastic scattering of light that interacts with phonons or molecular vibrations in the nanostructure, has been widely used to identify chemical and biological molecules. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) greatly enhanced the sensitivity of conventional Raman spectroscopy by a factor of >106 through the use of a plasmon-generating substrate [1, 2]. This study investigated the use of Raman spectroscopy/SERS to verify that synthesized nanostructures contain active molecular components critical to their functioning. In particular, this study uses SERS to identify the signature spectrum of Methylene Blue (MB) and uses standard Raman spectroscopy to verify the fictionalization of a DNA aptamer terminated with MB.

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Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy signatures of an RNA molecule: An aptamer that binds to αvβ3 integrin

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2012年第1期1506卷 49-52页

作者： Xenia Meshik Kimber Brenneman Ke Xu Saadia Ranginwala Justin Abell Yiping Zhao Mitra Dutta Michael Stroscio Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering The University of Georgia Athens GA USA Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Georgia Athens GA USA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Chicago IL and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA

Raman spectroscopy is a useful technique for identifying molecules by their unique vibrational signatures. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is capable of routinely amplifying the Raman signal by a factor of >107 through the use of a plasmon-generating substrate. This study investigated the SERS spectrum of Apt-αvβ3, an 85-base long RNA molecule generated specifically for binding to the αvβ3 integrin on cellular membranes. The Ag nanorod (AgNR) SERS substrate used in this study was fabricated using oblique angle deposition (OAD). Apt-αvβ3 at 4 μM concentration was imaged on a patterned multiwell AgNR SERS chip using a Renishaw Ramascope 2000 spectrometer with 2.3 mW power and 514 nm excitation wavelength. The majority of the peaks lie in the 800-1600 cm−1 range consistent with previously published RNA/DNA Raman spectra. Peaks corresponding to vibrational modes of guanine, cytosine, adenine and uracil can all be identified. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the AgNR SERS substrate in obtaining the Raman spectra of biological samples. Additionally, the unique Raman signature of Apt-αvβ3 was determined.

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Ultra-efficient nano-photonic devices using hybrid material systems for optical communication and sensing

Ultra-efficient nano-photonic devices using hybrid material ...

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2012 IEEE Avionics, Fiber- Optics and Photonics Technology Conference, AVFOP 2012

作者： Wang, Alan X. Chen, Ray T. Fan, Donglei Lin, Che-Yun Xu, Xiaobin Wang, Lei School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 United States Microelectronic Research Center University of Texas Austin TX United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas Austin TX United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Texas Austin TX United States

We investigated ultra-efficient nano-photonic modulators based on silicon photonic crystal slot waveguides infiltrated with electro-optic polymers. The integration of Si3N4 guided mode resonance grating with plasmonic... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781457707575

关键词： Photonic devices

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Robust Minimum Energy Wireless Routing for Underwater Acoustic Communication Networks

Robust Minimum Energy Wireless Routing for Underwater Acoust...

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Institute of electrical and Electronics Engineers Globecom Workshops

作者： Brooks L. Reed Milica Stojanovic Urbashi Mitra Franz S. Hover MIT/WHOI Joint Program in Oceanographic Engineering Northeastern University Department of Electrical Engineering University of Southern California Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Department of Mechanical Engineering

ISBN: (纸本)9781467349420

Marine robots are an increasingly attractive means for observing and monitoring the ocean, but underwater acoustic communications remain a major challenge. The channel exhibits long delay spreads with frequency-dependent attenuation;moreover, it is time-varying. We consider the minimum energy wireless transmission problem [MET], augmented by the practical condition that constraints on link power must be satisfied in probability. For this, we formulate the robust counterpart of the multicommodity mixed-integer linear programming (MDLP) model from Haugland and Yuan [1], and derive scaled power levels that account for uncertainty. Our main result is that the deterministic formulation with these scaled power levels recovers exactly the optimal robust solution in the absence of correlations, and therefore allows for efficient solution via MILP. This approach achieves significant power improvements over heuristics, and naturally lends itself to vehicle networks.

关键词： underwater acoustic communication Energy sources networks(communications) wireless power level Power (Psychology) mobile data link protocol Heuristics Vehicle Network Network routing

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Nanotextured Material for Applications in CSF Sample Screening and Characterization

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MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) 2012年第1期1466卷 mrss12-1466-tt02-04-mrss12-1466-tt02-04页

作者： Krishna Vattipalli Savindra Brandigampala Claire McGraw Gaurav Chatterjee Srinath Kasturirangan Philip Schulz Michael Sierks Shalini Prasad Department of Bioengineering University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX – 75080 Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Wichita State University Wichita KS – 67260 Department of Chemical Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ - 85287

Neurodegenerative disease is primarily characterized by protein misfolding and the resultant protein aggregation. Presence of soluble oligomeric aggregates of proteins including various Aβ and α-syn aggregate species can be correlated to the onset and progression of many neurodegenerative diseases. The ability to detect protein misfolding requires the design of a diagnostics assay the will enable molecular level probing. The use of nanoporous ceramic templates enables size based immobilization of the target proteins and by leveraging the principle of “macromolecular crowding” protein association can be mapped with a high degree of resolution. By tailoring the surface functionalization within nanoporous ceramic templates, macromolecular immobilization can be selectively controlled, which in turn significantly enhances the perturbation to the electrical double layer/. The changes to the electrical double layer are measured with a high degree of sensitivity through impedance *** symptomatic diagnosis and distinction between Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases can be achieved by the specific detection and quantification of levels of each of these different toxic protein species in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Detection using highly selective morphology specific reagents in conjunction with the ultrasensitive nanoporous electronic biosensor showed the presence of different protein morphologies in human CSF samples. Detection is primarily achieved by identifying the specific association of the protein with its receptor using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, we show that these morphology specific reagents can readily classify between post-mortem CSF samples from AD, PD and cognitively normal sources. These studies suggest that detection of specific oligomeric aggregate species holds great promise as sensitive biomarkers for neurodegenerative disease.

关键词： biomedical biomaterial nanoscale

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