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IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)

作者： Aaron M. Hoover Samuel Burden Xiao-Yu Fu S. Shankar Sastry R. S. Fearing Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Berkeley USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley USA Department of Bioengineering University of California Berkeley USA

Rapidly running arthropods like cockroaches make use of passive dynamics to achieve remarkable locomotion performance with regard to stability, speed, and maneuverability. In this work, we take inspiration from these organisms to design, fabricate, and control a 10cm, 24 gram underactuated hexapedal robot capable of running at 14 body lengths per second and performing dynamic turning maneuvers. Our design relies on parallel kinematic mechanisms fabricated using the scaled smart composite microstructures (SCM) process and viscoelastic polymer legs with tunable stiffness. In addition to the novel robot design, we present experimental validation of the lateral leg spring (LLS) locomotion model's prediction that dynamic turning can be achieved by modulating leg stiffness. Finally, we present and validate a leg design for active stiffness control using shape memory alloy and demonstrate the ability of the robot to execute near-gymnastic 90° turns in the span of five strides.

关键词： Leg Legged locomotion Turning Kinematics Robot kinematics Couplings

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System Identification and Modeling Approach to Characterizing Rigidity in Parkinson's Disease:Neural and Non-neural Contributions

System Identification and Modeling Approach to Characterizin...

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The 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical engineering(第四届IEEE生物信息与生物医学工程国际会议 iCBBE 2010)

作者： Ruiping Xia A.Joseph Threlkeld Matija Radovic Zhi-Hong Mao Rehabilitation Science Research Lab Department of Physical TherapyCreighton UniversityOmaha NE 68 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Bioengineering University of Pit

Rigidity (muscle stiffness) is one of the most disabling symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). It isclinically defined as an increased resistance to passivemovement of a joint. There is a fundamental gap betweenmechanistic and applied approaches to understanding thissymptom. The objective of the current study was to apply asystem identification and modeling approach todifferentiating the contributions of neural (enhanced musclereflex) and non-neural (altered mechanical properties ofmuscle fibers) factors to rigidity. Six patients participated inthe study. The wrist joint torque and muscle activities of thewrist muscles were measured during externally inducedmovements. Each subject was tested in the Off-and On-medication states. System identification and modelingapproach was applied to separate the neural from the non-neuralcomponent with respect to the overall stiffness. Resultsshow that both factors are responsible for rigidity in ***-related reflex component is the predominant factor inoverall rigidity. Medication therapy decreased the level ofreflex component to overall rigidity.

关键词： System identification Parkinson's disease Muscles Wrist Immune system Mechanical factors Optical fiber testing Torque measurement Medical tests Medical treatment

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In vivo measurement of the complex shear modulus of rat mammary tumors using shear wave imaging techniques

In vivo measurement of the complex shear modulus of rat mamm...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Yue Wang Marko Orescanin Michael F. Insana Department of Bioengineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL USA

This paper summarizes dynamic measurements of shear modulus constants acquired for spontaneously growing rat mammary tumors. Measurements are compared with histology to determine tumor types. We also report on 3D shear-wave velocity fields acquired from an inhomogeneous hydrogel phantom with known mechanical properties. Phantom measurements enable us to interpret the effects of tissue structure and geometry on viscoelastic parameter estimates, and demonstrate that reproducible measurements are possible in vivo. Viscoelastic properties describe the mechano-environment of cells undergoing malignant transformation and tumor growth.

关键词： Tumors Phantoms Needles Three dimensional displays Dispersion Data models Solid modeling

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An end-to-end simulator for the all-electric ship MVDC integrated power system

An end-to-end simulator for the all-electric ship MVDC integ...

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Grand Challenges in Modeling and Simulation Symposium, GCMS 2010, Part of the 2010 Summer Simulation Multiconference, SummerSim 2010

作者： Milošević Marden, M. Prempraneerach, P. Kirtley, J.L. Karniadakis, G. Chryssostomidis, C. Design Laboratory MIT Sea Grant College Program United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Thunyaburi Pathumthani Thailand Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University Providence RI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781617387043

In this paper, a large scale Medium Voltage DC all-electric ship integrated power system is modeled from the prime mover (gas turbine) to the propulsion load. This system has a three-phase 21MW synchronous machine as a main generator and a three-phase 19MW induction motor as a main propulsion drive. The influence of propeller emergence on both electrical and mechanical components of the system is investigated.

关键词： Ship propulsion

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Correlation between primary motor cortex neural activity and fingertip force following transcranial magnetic stimulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第24期5卷 1905-1909页

作者： Xiaoying Wu Wensheng Hou Xiaolin Zheng Yingtao Jiang Jun Zheng Yan He Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology Ministry of Education Bioengineering College Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Nevada Las Vegas NV 89154 USA Department of Computer Science New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Socorro NM 87801 USA

A better understanding of the neural mechanisms of finger-force regulation can help to explain the relationship between the central nervous system and nerve-muscle force, as well as assist in motor functional rehabilitation and the development robot hand designs. In the present study, 11 healthy volunteers performed a different target force-tracking task, which involved the index finger alone, index and middle finger together, and the combination of four fingers （i.e., index, middle, ring, and little）. The target force trace corresponded to 3 levels of 20% maximal voluntary changes （MVC）, 30% MVC, and 40% MVC in 20 seconds. In the test, an unexpected single 120% motor threshold transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied to the primary motor cortex （M1） during force tracking. Results revealed that peak force changes increased with increasing background force and the number of involved task fingers. These results demonstrate that M1 neural activities correlate with finger-force production, and M1 plays a role in finger-force control. Moreover, different neuronal networks were required for different finger patterns; a complicated task required multi-finger combinations and a complicated neuronal network comprised a large number of neurons.

关键词： transcranial magnetic stimulation finger motor control neural activities primary motor cortex background force

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SimpleTrPPI: A simple method for transferring knowledge between interaction networks for PPI prediction

SimpleTrPPI: A simple method for transferring knowledge betw...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine Workshops (BIBMW)

作者： Qian Xu Derek Hao Hu Qiang Yang Hong Xue Bioengineering Program HKUST Hong Kong China Department of Computer Science and Engineering HKUST Hong Kong China Department of Biochemistry HKUST Hong Kong China

Maps of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are essential to uncover cellular processes and metabolic processes in a cell. However, various high-throughput biological experiments are time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in interactions of high false positive and false negative rates. The fact that most interaction networks remain sparse and incomplete motivates scientists to develop computational methods to predict protein-protein interactions accurately and automatically. However, state-of-the-art prediction algorithms cannot make satisfactory predictions. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective approach SimpleTrPPI, to improve the accuracy of predicting protein-protein interactions in the target PPI network with the aid of another source PPI network. We attempt to transfer and borrow useful knowledge from the source PPI network using similarities of protein nodes between two protein interaction networks. Similarities are computed taking both protein sequence similarities and topological structures of protein networks into account. Two protein-protein interaction networks, Helicobacter pylori (target network) and Human (source network), are used to verify the feasibility of our proposed method. Our experimental results show that SimpleTrPPI can achieve more than 5% accuracy improvement compared to the baseline methods.

关键词： Proteins Humans Training Knowledge engineering Protein engineering Bioinformatics Amino acids

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Successful women engineering students: A survey assessment to guide our efforts to boost women's retention

Successful women engineering students: A survey assessment t...

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2010 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Knight, Daniel Corner Sr., Katie Louie, Beverly Shoals Sr., Amber Cabrales, Cindy Integrated Teaching and Learning Program College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Colorado Boulder United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Colorado Boulder United States Center College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Colorado Boulder United States College of Engineering and Applied Science University of Colorado Boulder United States Student Affairs Division Student Organizations Finance Office University of Colorado Boulder United States

In the fall of 2009, a college of engineering and applied science at a public, Rocky Mountain region university embarked on a new inclusive excellence initiative called Broadening Opportunity through Leadership & Diversity (BOLD). The BOLD Center is a new K-16 organizational structure to increase the performance, representation and retention through graduation of students who are underrepresented in engineering, including women, students of color, low income and first generation college attendees. A BOLD Center focus of concern is the declining retention rate of women that has dipped below that of men recently in our College. A survey consisting of 41 questions was distributed to all undergraduate engineering women in the college that incorporates scales from the Assessing Women in engineering (AWE) assessment and from the Academic Pathways of People Learning engineering Survey (APPLES). Five research questions were posed in the survey design: • Do women express a loss of interest during their program? • Is there a chilly climate for women in the college? • Do women?s self-efficacy levels change during the program? • Do academic performance levels play a role in women?s retention in engineering? • Do women have an adequate support structure in the college? The survey generated 116 responses from 2 solicitations, with women students represented from every major across all four undergraduate years. An unintended outcome was that the sample largely consists of women with high grade point averages. Thus, this paper offers insight on top performing women?s self-efficacy and their views on the college climate, the benefits from various support systems - advising, mentoring, social and financial - and the existing programming and initiatives that can play a role in their achievements. The results indicate that women students are interested and efficacious with respect to obtaining an engineering degree, and that the college climate is, on average, warm and accepting. Howev

关键词： Students

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Distributed feedback laser biosensor incorporating a titanium dioxide nanorod surface

Distributed feedback laser biosensor incorporating a titaniu...

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作者： Ge, Chun Lu, Meng Zhang, Wei Cunningham, Brian T. Deptartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Deptartment of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States

A 6.6 x enhancement in surface sensitivity of DFB laser biosensors is demonstrated by a device incorporating a porous titanium dioxide nanorod layer on the sensor surface, while a Q-factor of over 25,000 is maintained... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528902

关键词： Distributed feedback lasers

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Ultrasensitive nanowire pressure sensor makes its debut

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Procedia engineering 2010年 5卷 1127-1130页

作者： Bo Woon Soon Pavel Neuzil Chee Chung Wong Julien Reboud Han Hua Feng Chengkuo Lee Institute of Microelectronics (IME) A*STAR (Agency for Science Technolog and Research) Singapore Division of Bioengineering Nanyang technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

A membrane pressure sensor with embedded piezoresistive silicon nanowires (NW) has been demonstrated to have an ultrasensitive piezoresistive response of ( Δ R / R ) / Δ P of 13 Pa −1 . This was achieved through the effective tuning of the transverse electric field across the NW. The fabrication of the sensor is fully based on CMOS compatible technique. P-type 〈 110 〉 oriented NWs with a square cross-section of 100 nm were fabricated on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers, acting as the sensing elements. The NWs’ exceptional properties and minute size will enable further shrinking of footprint of pressure sensors and other NEMS sensors with increased sensitivity, opening a way to new applications like implantable medical devices.

关键词： Silicon nanowire Giant piezoresistivity Pressure sensor NEMS

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Parallel DNA Synthesis in microreactors with optical manipulation

Parallel DNA Synthesis in microreactors with optical manipul...

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7th Annual Conference on Foundations of Nanoscience: Self-Assembled Architectures and Devices, FNANO 2010

作者： Wang, Tao Oehrlein, Stefan Somoza, Mark Kershner, Ryan Cerrina, Franco Center for Nanotechnology University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 United States Materials Science Program University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University Boston MA 02215. United States Center for Nano Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 United States Physical Chemistry of Biopolymers Fakultät für Chemie Universität Wien A-1090 Wien Austria

We developed an optical tweezers directed approach that allows synthesis of different oligonucleotide on an array of controlled pore glass (CPG) beads in parallel in a two-stream laminar flow microreactor and obtained one oligo sequence per bead. This reactor has been shown to effectively facilitate CPG bead loading and confinement, maintain liquid/ liquid (inert liquid/reagent) interface and withstand the reagents and solvents present in the modified phosphoramidite chemistry. The optical tweezers allows us to externally manipulate the CPG beads inside the channel without having to modify the microfluidic device itself. The parallel synthesis of several different oligonucleotides in a single synthetic run was demonstrated.

关键词： Oligonucleotides

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