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作者： Lu, Shaoying Michailova, Anushka Saucerman, Jeffrey Cheng, Yuhui Yu, Zeyun Kaiser, Timothy Li, Wilfred Bank, Randolph Holst, Michael McCammon, J. Hayashi, Takeharu Hoshijima, Masahiko Arzberger, Peter McCulloch, Andrew Bioengineering Department University of Illinois United States Bioengineering Department UCSD United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Virginia United States Department of Mathematics UCSD United States UCSD United States College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University China Department of Mathematics Center for Computational Mathematics and the Computational Science Mathematics and Engineering Doctoral Program at UCSD Department of Pharmacology UCSD United States Center for Research in Biological Systems UCSD United States Department of Bioengineering UCSD United States Department of Bioengineering PFBH 241 University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive San Diego CA 92093-0412 United States

There is a growing body of experimental evidence suggesting that the Ca2+ signaling in ventricular myocytes is characterized by a high gradient near the cell membrane and a more uniform Ca2+ distribution in the cell interior [1]--[7]. An important reason for this phenomenon might be that in these cells the t-tubular system forms a network of extracellular space, extending deep into the cell interior. This allows the electrical signal, that propagates rapidly along the cell membrane, to reach the vicinity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), where intracellular Ca2+ required for myofilament activation is stored [1], [8]--[11]. Early studies of cardiac muscle showed that the t-tubules are found at intervals of about 2 lm along the longitudinal cell axis in close proximity to the Z-disks of the sarcomeres [12]. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that the t-tubular system has also longitudinal extensions [9]--[11], [13].

关键词： Cells

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Determination of thermal parameters of nanostructures exhibiting one-dimensional heat flow through a thermal transient method

Determination of thermal parameters of nanostructures exhibi...

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2009 MRS Spring Meeting

作者： Arriagada, Anton Yu, Edward T. Bandaru, Prabhakar R. Deparment of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California at San Diego San Diego CA 92093-0407 United States Materials Science Program Mechanical Engineering Department University of California at San Diego San Diego CA 92093-0411 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781615677832

We present an improved methodology for a thermal transient method enabling simultaneous measurement of thermal conductivity and specific heat of nanoscale structures with one-dimensional heat flow. The temporal response of a sample to finite duration heat pulse inputs for both short (1 ns) and long (5 μs) pulses is analyzed and exploited to deduce the thermal properties. Excellent agreement has been obtained between the recovered physical parameters and computational simulations. © 2009 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Specific heat

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The AMALTHEA REU program: Activities, experiences & outcomes of a collaborative summer research experience in machine learning

The AMALTHEA REU Program: Activities, experiences & outcomes...

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2009 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Anagnostopoulos, Georgios Georgiopoulos, Michael Kepuska, Veton Stanley, Kenneth Morrison-Shetlar, Alison Lancey, Pat Krist, Paula Crouse, Tace Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne FL United States AMALTHEA REU Program United States University of Central Florida United States School of EECS School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida United States Department of Biology University of Central Florida United States School of Leadership and Education Sciences University of San Diego United States

The AMALTHEA REU program is a 10-week, summer research experience for science or engineering undergraduate students funded by the National science Foundation since 2007 and featuring Machine Learning as its intellectual focus. Moreover, it is a joint effort of two collaborating universities in Central Florida, namely Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne and University of Central Florida in Orlando. Organizing, implementing and directing REU Sites is typically perceived as a demanding effort;while offering unique advantages, operating collaborative sites may impose an additional layer of challenges. In this paper our intention is to present the objectives of our program, its unique characteristics, and the structure and organization of our collaborative site. Furthermore, we would like to give an informative account of our activities across the various aspects of the program, such as marketing of the experience, recruiting of student participants, the summer experience itself and our dissemination efforts. Finally, we report on our outcomes accomplished so far, which include research products and evaluation results. While our program is only entering into its third year of operation, we do hope that, by sharing our experiences and promising strategies to date, we will encourage and aid prospective REU Site directors to successfully plan for and operate collaborative sites. © American Society for engineering Education, 2009.

关键词： Students

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Comparison of threshold selection methods for microarray gene co-expression matrices

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BMC Research Notes 2009年第1期2卷 1-6页

作者： Borate, Bhavesh Chesler, Elissa Langston, Michael Saxton, Arnold Voy, Brynn Genome Science and Technology Program University of Tennessee Knoxville TN United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee Knoxville TN United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory Systems Genetics Group Biosciences Division Oak Ridge TN United States Department of Animal Science University of Tennessee Knoxville TN United States

Background. Network and clustering analyses of microarray co-expression correlation data often require application of a threshold to discard small correlations, thus reducing computational demands and decreasing the number of uninformative correlations. This study investigated threshold selection in the context of combinatorial network analysis of transcriptome data. Findings. Six conceptually diverse methods - based on number of maximal cliques, correlation of control spots with expressed genes, top 1% of correlations, spectral graph clustering, Bonferroni correction of p-values, and statistical power - were used to estimate a correlation threshold for three time-series microarray datasets. The validity of thresholds was tested by comparison to thresholds derived from Gene Ontology information. Stability and reliability of the best methods were evaluated with block bootstrapping. Two threshold methods, number of maximal cliques and spectral graph, used information in the correlation matrix structure and performed well in terms of stability. Comparison to Gene Ontology found thresholds from number of maximal cliques extracted from a co-expression matrix were the most biologically valid. Approaches to improve both methods were suggested. Conclusion. Threshold selection approaches based on network structure of gene relationships gave thresholds with greater relevance to curated biological relationships than approaches based on statistical pair-wise relationships. © 2009 Saxton et al;licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

关键词： Spectral Cluster Maximal Clique Threshold Estimate Biological Relationship Spectral Graph

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Sensors: DNA Sensing Using Nanocrystalline Surface‐Enhanced Al2O3Nanopore Sensors (Adv. Funct. Mater. 8/2010)

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Advanced Functional Materials 2010年第8期20卷

作者： Bala Murali Venkatesan Amish B. Shah Jian‐Min Zuo Rashid Bashir Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana IL 61801 (USA) Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana IL 61801 (USA) Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana IL 61801 (USA) Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana IL 61801 (USA) Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Urbana IL 61801 (USA)

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Gait recognition system tailored for Arab costume of the Gulf region

Gait recognition system tailored for Arab costume of the Gul...

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IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT)

作者： Tamer Shanableh Khaled Assaleh Layla Al - Hajjaj AbdulWahab Kabani Department of computer science and Engineering American University of Sharjah UAE Department of Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah UAE Computer Science program American university of Sharjah UAE

Existing work on gait recognition is focused on casual (western) customs hence not suitable for the gulf region where long gowns are used for both men and women. This paper proposes a gait recognition solution that is suitable for both gulf customs and casual customs. The solution is based on computing an adaptive image prediction between consecutive images. The resultant predictions are then accumulated into one image and transformed using either discrete cosine transformation (DCT) or Radon transformation. The feature vectors of the gait are computed from such transformed images. Feature modeling based on polynomial networks follows. The proposed solution is tested on a dataset with around 100 participants with mixed genders and mixed customs. The proposed system yields an impressive classification rates approaching 100% accuracy.

关键词： Least squares approximation Electrocardiography Computational complexity Noise cancellation Computational modeling Adaptive filters Steady-state Educational institutions Signal to noise ratio Vectors

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Complex shear modulus of thermally-damaged liver

Complex shear modulus of thermally-damaged liver

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2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2009

作者： Orescanin, Marko Qayyum, Muqeem A. Toohey, Kathleen S. Insana, Michael F. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424443895

The complex shear modulus of fresh and thermally damaged porcine liver has been measured, in vitro, using an ultrasonic shear wave imaging technique. Measurements were compared to two constitutive models, Kelvin-Voigt and Zener, to estimate the complex modulus of liver for shear wave frequencies between 50 and 300 Hz. An axially vibrated needle placed in the liver excites harmonic shear waves that are imaged using a pulsed Doppler technique. Liver heated to 47°C for 90 min was found to have little measurable cellular damage, and yet the elastic shear modulus increased by a factor of two and the viscous shear modulus increased by a factor of three in this frequency range. These observations imply that elastic properties, especially the viscous shear modulus, may be a sensitive indicator of thermal damage. Also, within the testing bandwidth for shear waves, the Zener model represented the data better than the Kelvin-Voigt model. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Shear waves

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Quantitative shear wave imaging of cell culture gels

Quantitative shear wave imaging of cell culture gels

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2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2009

作者： Orescanin, Marko Toohey, Kathleen S. Insana, Michael F. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424443895

An ultrasonic shear wave imaging technique is being developed for estimating viscoelastic properties of hydrogels. A needle placed in the medium is vibrated along its axis to generate harmonic shear waves. Doppler pulses synchronously track shear wave propagation to estimate the local speed. Fitting shear-wave speed estimates to the dispersion relation obtained from two rheological models, we estimate the complex shear modulus, viz., elastic and viscous components. The dispersion equation estimated using the standard solid-body (Zener) model is compared to that from the Kelvin-Voigt model to explore the frequency landscape of hydrogel viscoelasticity within the 50-450 Hz shear wave bandwidth. We found both models give comparable estimates that each agree with independent rheometer measurements obtained at lower strain rates, as might be expected form these highly elastic gels. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Gels

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Registration of finger vein image using skin surface information for authentication

Registration of finger vein image using skin surface informa...

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Image Processing: Machine Vision Applications II

作者： Noh, SeungWoo Kong, Hyoun-Joong Park, SangYun Kim, JiMan Lee, Seung-Rae Kim, Taejeong Kim, Hee Chan Interdisciplinary Program Bioengineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program Biomedical Engineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Medical Research Center Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9780819475015

The finger vein image acquired with an acquisition system should be properly aligned to proceed with comparing algorithm. However it is not easy to find control the points since the images are naturally blurred with an inherent scattering property. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel finger vein registration method utilizing skin surface information (i.e. wrinkles and outlines). We assumed that finger crooking was insignificant. Images were sampled with intended translation and rotation. Each time, two images were acquired successively by switching the light source;one with infrared light and the other with white light. Degree of rotation and translation of sampled image were calculated using outline features in the white light image and then the infrared image was transformed according to the calculated data. To validate our method, correlation values were computed between identical subjects and different subjects. High correlation values were shown between identical subjects whereas low values were shown between different subjects. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Authentication

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A parallel spiking neural network simulator

A parallel spiking neural network simulator

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IEEE International Conference on Field-programmable Technology (FPT)

作者： Kit Cheung Simon R. Schultz Philip H.W. Leong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London UK Department of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney Australia

An FPGA-based systolic architecture for the high speed simulation of spiking neural networks is presented. The design is an implementation of Izhikevich's neuron model and employs optimizations for the typical case where neuron activity is low. Since execution time required is related to the activity level, performance of the design can be improved by an order of magnitude.

关键词： Neural networks Neurons Computational modeling Biological neural networks Biological system modeling Brain modeling computer simulation Large-scale systems Field programmable gate arrays Frequency

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