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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Geng Shi, Jindou Iyer, Rishyashring R. Sorrells, Janet E. Tu, Haohua Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States

Broad and safe access to ultrafast laser technology has been hindered by the absence of optical fiber-delivered pulses with tunable central wavelength, pulse repetition rate, and pulse width in the picosecond-femtosecond regime. To address this long-standing obstacle, we developed a reliable accessory for femtosecond ytterbium fiber chirped pulse amplifiers, termed as fiber-optic nonlinear wavelength converter (FNWC), as an adaptive optical source for the emergent field of femtosecond biophotonics. This accessory embowers the fixed-wavelength laser to produce fiber delivered ~20 nJ pulses with central wavelength across 950-1150 nm, repetition rate across 1-10 MHz, and pulse width across 40-400 fs, with a long-term stability of >2000 hrs. As a prototypical label-free application in biology and medicine, we demonstrate the utility of FNWC in real-time intravital imaging synergistically integrated with modern machine learning and large-scale fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Nonlinear optics

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Critical Factors of Immersive Learning in Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review

Critical Factors of Immersive Learning in Higher Education: ...

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International Conference on ICT For Smart Society (ICISS)

作者： Sunardi Meyliana Arief Ramadhan Yusep Rosmansyah Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Information System Departement School of information system Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia School of Computing Telkom University Bandung Indonesia School of electrical engineering and informatics Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia

Immersive learning has gained significant attention with the rising trend of spatial computing, particularly in the after-pandemic era. Numerous research has explored the potential of immersive learning in higher education, primarily on the educational sector. However, prior research has frequently focused too narrowly on the effects of technology and neglected to address the crucial element influencing successful immersive learning in higher education. This study seeks to pinpoint the crucial element contributing to the development of immersive learning experiences. The methodology uses a systematic literature review (SLR) from 2018 up to 2023 to investigate the critical factors of immersive Learning in Higher Education. From the 728 papers initially retrieved, 274 were considered potential candidates, and ultimately, 86 articles were selected based on their relevance to the research question. The results reveal that the critical factors include learning design, technology, immersion, engagement, interactivity, and usability. Academic interests will benefit from this SLR's consequences as institutions create models for designing suitable immersive learning, especially within the context of higher education.

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High-Resolution Hydrogen Molecule Detection Utilizing a Nanocandle-Based Optical Sensor

High-Resolution Hydrogen Molecule Detection Utilizing a Nano...

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Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO/Pacific Rim)

作者： Nu-Ri Park Min-Joong Kim Jongsu Lee Minah Seo Yong-Sang Ryu Myung-Ki Kim KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea Sensor System Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston IL USA School of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea

Our research introduces a novel method for safe hydrogen detection. We've developed an advanced nano-candle sensor, combining Pd with nano-candles, enabling accurate detection of low-concentration hydrogen (<3%... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798350372076

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372083

关键词： Electric potential Accuracy Hydrogen Lasers and electrooptics Optical sensors Electro-optical waveguides

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Deep Subwavelength Slotted Photonic Crystals Fabricated in a Monolithic Silicon Photonics Technology

Deep Subwavelength Slotted Photonic Crystals Fabricated in a...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Kellen P. Arnold Joshua A. Allen Sami I. Halimi Landen D. Ryder Francis O. Afzal Yusheng Bian Abdelsalam Aboketaf Kevin Dezfulian Michal Rakowski Rod Augur Takako Hirokawa Karen Nummy Sharon M. Weiss Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD US GlobalFoundries Malta NY USA

We report deep subwavelength-engineered slotted photonic crystal nanobeams with minimum features < 70 nm fabricated using a 90 nm monolithic silicon photonics technology at GlobalFoundries. This work enables potent... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Deep ultraviolet Integrated photonics Photonic crystals Photonics applications Scanning electron microscopy Silicon photonics

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Statistical Analysis of Intrinsic High-Frequency Characteristic Fluctuation of Emerging Silicon Gate-All-Around Nanosheet (NS) MOSFETs at Sub-3-nm Nodes

Statistical Analysis of Intrinsic High-Frequency Characteris...

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IEEE Electron Devices Technology and Manufacturing Conference (EDTM)

作者： Sekhar Reddy Kola Yiming Li Min-Hui Chuang Kazuhiko Endo Seiji Samukawa Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Institute of Communications Engineering Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Biomedical Engineering Center for mm Wave Smart Radar System and Technologies National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Institute of Fluid Science Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tsukuba Japan

In recent years, the GAA NS Si MOSFET has been explored as a leading technology. However, the intrinsic parameters of GAA NS Si MOSFETs are affected to varying degrees by various fluctuation sources, Statistically independent and identically distributed $(iid)$ assumptions on the aforementioned random variables overestimate the variability of high-frequency characteristics, compared with considering all fluctuation factors simultaneously. Notably, the random nanosized metal grains dominates the variations of voltage gain, cut-off frequency, and 3dB frequency because the random work functions strongly alter the channel surface potential.

关键词： MOSFET Fluctuations Statistical analysis Gallium arsenide Cutoff frequency Metals Logic gates

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An Ensemble Approach for Brain Tumor Segmentation and Synthesis

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Rivera, Juampablo Heras E. Chopra, Agamdeep S. Ren, Tianyi Oswal, Hitender Pan, Yutong Sordo, Zineb Walters, Sophie Henry, William Mohammadi, Hooman Olson, Riley Rezayaraghi, Fargol Lam, Tyson Jaikanth, Akshay Kancharla, Pavan Ruzevick, Jacob Ushizima, Daniela Kurt, Mehmet Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA United States Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science University of Washington SeattleWA United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States Department of Bioengineering University of Washington SeattleWA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA United States Watauga High School BooneNC United States Department of Neurological Surgery University of Washington SeattleWA United States

The integration of machine learning in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), specifically in neuroimaging, is proving to be incredibly effective, leading to better diagnostic accuracy, accelerated image analysis, and data-driven insights, which can potentially transform patient care. Deep learning models utilize multiple layers of processing to capture intricate details of complex data, which can then be used on a variety of tasks, including brain tumor classification, segmentation, image synthesis, and registration. Previous research demonstrates high accuracy in tumor segmentation using various model architectures, including nn-UNet and Swin-UNet. U-Mamba, which uses state space modeling, also achieves high accuracy in medical image segmentation. To leverage these models, we propose a deep learning framework that ensembles these state-of-the-art architectures to achieve accurate segmentation and produce finely synthesized images. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Image segmentation

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Sensing With Communication Signals: From Information Theory to Signal Processing

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Fan Liu, Ya-Feng Cui, Yuanhao Masouros, Christos Xu, Jie Han, Tony Xiao Buzzi, Stefano Eldar, Yonina C. Jin, Shi National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China State Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing Institute of Computational Mathematicsand Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Department of Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College London LondonWC1E 7JE United Kingdom Guangdong518172 China Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd China Department of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Cassino and Southern Lazio CassinoI-03043 Italy Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano MilanoI-20133 Italy ParmaI-43124 Italy Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel

The Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) paradigm is anticipated to be a cornerstone of the upcoming 6G networks. In order to optimize the use of wireless resources, 6G ISAC systems need to harness the communication data payload signals, which are inherently random, for both sensing and communication (S&C) purposes. This tutorial paper provides a comprehensive technical overview of the fundamental theory and signal processing methodologies for ISAC transmission with random communication signals. We begin by introducing the deterministic-random tradeoff (DRT) between S&C from an information-theoretic perspective, emphasizing the need for specialized signal processing techniques tailored to random ISAC signals. Building on this foundation, we review the core signal models and processing pipelines for communication-centric ISAC systems, and analyze the average squared auto-correlation function (ACF) of random ISAC signals, which serves as a fundamental performance metric for multi-target ranging tasks. Drawing insights from these theoretical results, we outline the design principles for the three key components of communication-centric ISAC systems: modulation schemes, constellation design, and pulse shaping filters. The goal is to either enhance sensing performance without compromising communication efficiency or to establish a scalable tradeoff between the two. We then extend our analysis from a single-antenna ISAC system to its multi-antenna counterpart, discussing recent advancements in multiinput multi-output (MIMO) precoding techniques specifically designed for random ISAC signals. We conclude by highlighting several open challenges and future research directions in the field of sensing with communication signals. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Signal modulation

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Performance comparison of InGaN-based 40–80 μm micro-LEDs fabricated with and without plasma etching

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Materials Today Advances 2024年 22卷

作者： Lo, Yu-Yun Chen, Yi-Ho Hsu, Yun-Cheng Lee, Tzu-Yi Hung, Yu-Ying Kao, Yu-Cheng Zan, Hsiao-Wen Wuu, Dong- Sing Kuo, Hao-Chung Samukawa, Seiji Horng, Ray-Hua Institute of Electronics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 1001 University Road Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Photonics College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou54561 Taiwan Semiconductor Research Center Hon Hai Research Institute Taipei11492 Taiwan Institute of Communications Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

The fabrication of InGaN-based blue 4✕4 array micro-LEDs (μLEDs) with 40 μm ✕40 μm chip size and 2✕2 array μLEDs with 80 μm ✕80 μm chip size etching by the inductive coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICPRIE) and defect-free neutral beam etching (NBE) processes was studied in this work. In μLEDs of this size, the influence of defects formation in the sidewalls on EQE was evaluated. There was almost no difference in EQE between μLEDs array etched by the NBE process no matter 40 μm ✕40 μm and 80 μm ✕80 μm, but the dependence was observed in the ICPRIE. Even with this size, it was found that the size effect of EQE is smaller than that in case of using ICPRIE for defect-free neutral beam etching. This impact is substantial since μLED predominantly operated at low current density, around 1–5 A/cm2. Consequently, the reduction of defect density, encompassing both internal and sidewall defects, becomes imperative even in 40–80 μm InGaN-based μLEDs. This not only improves the overall efficiency of μLEDs but also fortifies the brightness stability of μLED displays if process etching by NBE. It was also found that the etching shape had an influence on EQE. It could be attributed to fact that the etching profile angle of NBE was more vertical than that of ICPRIE. Because the different angles of the mesa resulted in different light intensity. The μLEDs emitting with a wavelength of 450 nm, the light extraction efficiency and intensity at a mesa angle 58° of NBE etching μLEDs was about 8% lower than those of an angle (38°) of ICPRIE etching μLEDs by simulation. © The Authors

关键词： Light emitting diodes

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Generative adversarial networks applied to gene expression analysis: An interdisciplinary perspective

Computational and Systems Oncology

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Computational and Systems Oncology 2023年第3期3卷

作者： Ai, Xusheng Smith, Melissa C Feltus, Frank Alex Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Clemson University Clemson SC United States Department of Genetics and Biochemistry Biomedical Data Science & Informatics Program Clemson Center for Human Genetics Clemson University Clemson SC United States

The remarkable flexibility and adaptability of generative adversarial networks (GANs) have led to the proliferation of its models in bioinformatics research. Proteomic and transcriptomic profiles have been shown to be promising methods for discovering and identifying disease biomarkers. However, those analyses were performed by trained human examiners making the process tedious, time consuming, and hard to standardize. With the development of GANs, it is now possible to reduce computational costs and human time for bioinformatics analysis to produce effective biomarkers. Moreover, GANs help address the lack of phenotypic state transitional gene expression data as well as avoid protected human data constraints by generating RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from random vectors. The purpose of this review is to summarize the use of GAN approaches and techniques to augment RNA-seq expression data and identify clinically useful biomarkers. We compare different studies that use different types of GAN models to examine the biomarkers. Also, we identify research gaps and challenges that apply GANs to bio-informatics. Finally, we propose potential directions for future research. © 2023 The Authors. Computational and Systems Oncology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： biomarkers data augmentation generative adversarial network RNA sequencing

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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Aided Joint Radar and Covert Communications: Fundamentals, Optimization, and Challenges

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Du, Hongyang Kang, Jiawen Niyato, Dusit Zhang, Jiayi Kim, Dong In The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

Future wireless communication systems will evolve toward multi-functional integrated systems to improve spectrum utilization and reduce equipment sizes. A joint radar and communication (JRC) system, which can support simultaneous information transmission and target detection, has been regarded as a promising solution for emerging applications such as autonomous vehicles. In JRC, data security and privacy protection are critical issues. Thus, we first apply covert communication into JRC and propose a joint radar and covert communication (JRCC) system to achieve high spectrum utilization and secure data transmission simultaneously. In the JRCC system, an existence of sensitive data transmission is hidden from a maliciously observant warden. However, the performance of JRCC is restricted by severe signal propagation environment and hardware devices. Fortunately, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) can change the signal propagation smartly to improve the networks performance with low cost. We first overview fundamental concepts of JRCC and RIS and then propose the RIS-aided JRCC system design. Furthermore, both covert communication and radar performance metrics are investigated and a game theory-based covert rate optimization scheme is designed to achieve secure communication. Finally, we present several promising applications and future directions of RIS-aided JRCC systems. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Data transfer

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