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An Ultra-Wideband Antenna Based on Left-Handed Materials for IoT Applications

Progress In Electromagnetics Research C 2024年 140卷 151-161页

作者： Xue, Jincheng Ni, Ao Liu, Lanzheng Wang, Zhuopeng Wang, Xia College of Electronic and Information Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China College of Ocean Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao China Electrical Information Department Shandong University of Science and Technology Jinan China

In this paper, a new UWB antenna for the Internet of Things (IoT) based on a left-handed structure is designed. The antenna utilizes a microstrip feeder and consists of a new complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) equipped with a three-stage double rectangular electromagnetic resonator (RER) to form the main radiator with left-handed characteristics. It also includes a double L-shaped parasitic patch and a slotted ground. The dimensions of the antenna are 0.42 × 0.42 × 0.013λ30. It covers the frequency band of 1.70– 3.34 GHz (65.1%), which includes the communication frequency bands used by IoT antennas. The antenna exhibits good directional patterns within this frequency band. The measured peak gain is 5.49 dBi, making it suitable for applications in Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee technology, and other fields. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Internet of things

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A systematic mapping to investigate the application of machine learning techniques in requirement engineering activities

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第6期9卷 1412-1434页

作者： Shoaib Hassan Qianmu Li Khursheed Aurangzeb Affan Yasin Javed Ali Khan Muhammad Shahid Anwar School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia School of Software Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXianShaanxiChina Department of Computer Science School of PhysicsEngineering&Computer ScienceUniversity of HertfordshireHatfieldUK Department of AI and Software Gachon University Seongnam-siSeongnamSouth Korea

Over the past few years,the application and usage of Machine Learning(ML)techniques have increased exponentially due to continuously increasing the size of data and computing *** the popularity of ML techniques,only a few research studies have focused on the application of ML especially supervised learning techniques in Requirement engineering(RE)activities to solve the problems that occur in RE *** authors focus on the systematic mapping of past work to investigate those studies that focused on the application of supervised learning techniques in RE activities between the period of 2002–*** authors aim to investigate the research trends,main RE activities,ML algorithms,and data sources that were studied during this ***-five research studies were selected based on our exclusion and inclusion *** results show that the scientific community used 57 *** those algorithms,researchers mostly used the five following ML algorithms in RE activities:Decision Tree,Support Vector Machine,Naïve Bayes,K-nearest neighbour Classifier,and Random *** results show that researchers used these algorithms in eight major RE *** activities are requirements analysis,failure prediction,effort estimation,quality,traceability,business rules identification,content classification,and detection of problems in requirements written in natural *** selected research studies used 32 private and 41 public data *** most popular data sources that were detected in selected studies are the Metric Data Programme from NASA,Predictor Models in Software engineering,and iTrust Electronic Health Care System.

关键词： data sources machine learning requirement engineering supervised learning algorithms

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DNA Computing with Water Strider Based Vector Quantization for Data Storage Systems

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第3期74卷 6429-6444页

作者： A.Arokiaraj Jovith S.Rama Sree Gudikandhula Narasimha Rao K.Vijaya Kumar Woong Cho Gyanendra Prasad Joshi Sung Won Kim Department of Networking and Communications College of Engineering and TechnologySRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203India Department of Computer Science Engineering Aditya Engineering CollegeSurampalemAndhra Pradesh533437India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnam530049India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Engineering for WomenVisakhapatnam530049India Department of Software Convergence Daegu Catholic UniversityGyeongsan38430Korea Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan-siGyeongbuk-do38541Korea

The exponential growth of data necessitates an effective data storage scheme,which helps to effectively manage the large quantity of *** accomplish this,Deoxyribonucleic Acid(DNA)digital data storage process can be employed,which encodes and decodes binary data to and from synthesized strands of *** quantization(VQ)is a commonly employed scheme for image compression and the optimal codebook generation is an effective process to reach maximum compression *** article introduces a newDNAComputingwithWater StriderAlgorithm based Vector Quantization(DNAC-WSAVQ)technique for Data Storage *** proposed DNAC-WSAVQ technique enables encoding data using DNA computing and then compresses it for effective data ***,the DNAC-WSAVQ model initially performsDNA encoding on the input images to generate a binary encoded *** addition,aWater Strider algorithm with Linde-Buzo-Gray(WSA-LBG)model is applied for the compression process and thereby storage area can be considerably *** order to generate optimal codebook for LBG,the WSA is applied to *** performance validation of the DNAC-WSAVQ model is carried out and the results are inspected under several *** comparative study highlighted the improved outcomes of the DNAC-WSAVQ model over the existing methods.

关键词： DNA computing data storage image compression vector quantization ws algorithm space saving

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Contrast Normalization Strategies in Brain Tumor Imaging:From Preprocessing to Classification

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1539-1562页

作者： Samar M.Alqhtani Toufique A.Soomro Faisal Bin Ubaid Ahmed Ali Muhammad Irfan Abdullah A.Asiri Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Electronic Engineering The University of LarkanoLarkanaSindh75660Pakistan Computer Science Department Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkurSindh65200Pakistan Eletrical Engineering Department Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkurSindh65200Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Radiological Sciences Department College of Applied Medical SciencesNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia

Cancer-related to the nervous system and brain tumors is a leading cause of mortality in various *** resonance imaging(MRI)and computed tomography(CT)are utilized to capture brain *** plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of brain tumors and the examination of other brain ***,manual assessment of MRI images by radiologists or experts is performed to identify brain tumors and abnormalities in the early stages for timely ***,early diagnosis of brain tumors is intricate,necessitating the use of computerized *** research introduces an innovative approach for the automated segmentation of brain tumors and a framework for classifying different regions of brain *** proposed methods consist of a pipeline with several stages:preprocessing of brain images with noise removal based on Wiener Filtering,enhancing the brain using Principal Component Analysis(PCA)to obtain well-enhanced images,and then segmenting the region of interest using the Fuzzy C-Means(FCM)clustering technique in the third *** final step involves classification using the Support Vector Machine(SVM)*** classifier is applied to various types of brain tumors,such as meningioma and pituitary tumors,utilizing the Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging(CE-MRI)*** proposed method demonstrates significantly improved contrast and validates the effectiveness of the classification framework,achieving an average sensitivity of 0.974,specificity of 0.976,accuracy of 0.979,and a Dice Score(DSC)of ***,this method exhibits a shorter processing time of 0.44 s compared to existing *** performance of this method emphasizes its significance when compared to state-of-the-art methods in terms of sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and *** enhance the method further in the future,it is feasible to standardize the approach by incorporating a set of classifiers to increase the robustness of the brain classi

关键词： Brain tumor magnetic resonance imaging principal component analysis fuzzy c-clustering support vector machine

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A Privacy-Preserving Data Aggregation Protocol for Internet of Vehicles with Federated Learning

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024年 1-11页

作者： Xu, Zisang Zhang, Ruirui Liang, Wei Li, Kuan-Ching Gu, Ke Li, Xiong Huang, Jialun Computer and Communication Engineer Institute Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha China School of Computer Science and Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan China Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Providence University Taichung Taiwan Institute for Cyber Security School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China

Federated learning (FL) is widely used in various fields because it can guarantee the privacy of the original data source. However, in data-sensitive fields such as Internet of Vehicles (IoV), insecure communication channels, semi-trusted RoadSide Unit (RSU), and collusion between vehicles and the RSU may lead to leakage of model parameters. Moreover, when aggregating data, since different vehicles usually have different computing resources, vehicles with relatively insufficient computing resources will affect the data aggregation efficiency. Therefore, in order to solve the privacy leakage problem and improve the data aggregation efficiency, this paper proposes a privacy-preserving data aggregation protocol for IoV with FL. Firstly, the protocol is designed based on methods such as shamir secret sharing scheme, pallier homomorphic encryption scheme and blinding factor protection, which can guarantee the privacy of model parameters. Secondly, the protocol improves the data aggregation efficiency by setting dynamic training time windows. Thirdly, the protocol reduces the frequent participations of Trusted Authority (TA) by optimizing the fault-tolerance mechanism. Finally, the security analysis proves that the proposed protocol is secure, and the performance analysis results also show that the proposed protocol has high computation and communication efficiency. IEEE

关键词： Vehicles

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A fast and distributed C4.5 algorithm for urban big data

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Intelligent Data Analysis 2023年第5期27卷 1379-1408页

作者： Cheng, Wan-Shu Huang, Peng-Yu Huang, Jheng-Yu Chen, Ju-Chin Lin, Kawuu W. Department of Computer Science and Information Management Providence University Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan

The amount of information nowadays is rapidly growing. Aside from valuable information, information that is unrelated to a target or is meaningless is also growing. Big data and broader digital technologies are considered the primary components of smart city governance and planning. Big data analysis is considered to define a new era in urban planning, research, and policy. Effective data mining and pattern detection techniques are becoming very important these days. Processing such a large amount of data entails the use of data mining, a technique that clarifies the association between valid information and excludes irrelevant data to implement a practical decision tree. A large amount of data affects processing time and I/O costs during data mining. This study proposes to distribute data among multiple clients and distribute a large amount of data computation equally to improve the resource cost problem of exploration. Following that, the main server consolidates the computation results and generates the survey results. Experiment results show that the proposed algorithm is superior, thus allowing a larger amount of data to be processed while producing high-quality results. © 2023 - IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data mining

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A Novel Cluster Analysis-Based Crop Dataset Recommendation Method in Precision Farming

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computer Systems science & engineering 2023年第9期46卷 3239-3260页

作者： K.R.Naveen Kumar Husam Lahza B.R.Sreenivasa Tawfeeq Shawly Ahmed A.Alsheikhy H.Arunkumar C.R.Nirmala Department of Computer Science&Engineering Bapuji Institute of Engineering&TechnologyDavangereKarnatakaIndia Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Science&Engineering Bapuji Institute of Engineering&TechnologyDavangereKarnatakaIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering at RabighKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringNorthern Border UniversityArarSaudi Arabia

Data mining and analytics involve inspecting and modeling large pre-existing datasets to discover decision-making *** agriculture uses datamining to advance agricultural *** farmers aren’t getting the most out of their land because they don’t use precision *** harvest crops without a well-planned recommendation *** crop production is calculated by combining environmental conditions and management behavior,yielding numerical and categorical *** existing research still needs to address data preprocessing and crop categorization/***,statistical analysis receives less attention,despite producing more accurate and valid *** study was conducted on a dataset about Karnataka state,India,with crops of eight parameters taken into account,namely the minimum amount of fertilizers required,such as nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,and pH *** research considers rainfall,season,soil type,and temperature parameters to provide precise cultivation recommendations for high *** presented algorithm converts discrete numerals to factors first,then reduces ***,the algorithm generates six datasets,two fromCase-1(dataset withmany numeric variables),two from Case-2(dataset with many categorical variables),and one from Case-3(dataset with reduced factor variables).Finally,the algorithm outputs a class membership allocation based on an extended version of the K-means partitioning method with lambda *** presented work produces mixed-type datasets with precisely categorized crops by organizing data based on environmental conditions,soil nutrients,and ***,the prepared dataset solves the classification problem,leading to a model evaluation that selects the best dataset for precise crop prediction.

关键词： Data mining crop prediction k-prototypes k-means cluster machine learning

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OFDM with Generalized Cascade Index Modulation for Secure Communications

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China Communications 2024年第10期21卷 210-225页

作者： Hu Zeng Jin Xiaopin Yao Yudong Chen Fangjiong Wan Dehuan Liu Yun College of Information Science and Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225China College of Information Engineering China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China Department Electrical and Computer Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology HobokenNJ 07030USA School of Electronic and Information Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China Center for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Guangdong University of FinanceGuangzhou 510521China

Cascade index modulation(CIM) is a recently proposed improvement of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation(OFDM-IM) and achieves better error *** CIM, at least two different IM operations construct a super IM operation or achieve new functionality. First, we propose a OFDM with generalized CIM(OFDM-GCIM) scheme to achieve a joint IM of subcarrier selection and multiple-mode(MM)permutations by using a multilevel digital ***, two schemes, called double CIM(D-CIM) and multiple-layer CIM(M-CIM), are proposed for secure communication, which combine new IM operation for disrupting the original order of bits and symbols with conventional OFDM-IM, to protect the legitimate users from eavesdropping in the wireless communications. A subcarrier-wise maximum likelihood(ML) detector and a low complexity log-likelihood ratio(LLR) detector are proposed for the legitimate users. A tight upper bound on the bit error rate(BER) of the proposed OFDM-GCIM, D-CIM and MCIM at the legitimate users are derived in closed form by employing the ML criteria detection. computer simulations and numerical results show that the proposed OFDM-GCIM achieves superior error performance than OFDM-IM, and the error performance at the eavesdroppers demonstrates the security of D-CIM and M-CIM.

关键词： cascade index modulation low-complexity detector maximum likelihood OFDM physical layer security

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Monocular Quasi-Dense 3D Object Tracking

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2023年第2期45卷 1992-2008页

作者： Hu, Hou-Ning Yang, Yung-Hsu Fischer, Tobias Darrell, Trevor Yu, Fisher Sun, Min National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan Eth Zurich Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering Zürich8092 Switzerland Uc Berkeley Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science BerkeleyCA94720-1770 United States

A reliable and accurate 3D tracking framework is essential for predicting future locations of surrounding objects and planning the observer's actions in numerous applications such as autonomous driving. We propose a framework that can effectively associate moving objects over time and estimate their full 3D bounding box information from a sequence of 2D images captured on a moving platform. The object association leverages quasi-dense similarity learning to identify objects in various poses and viewpoints with appearance cues only. After initial 2D association, we further utilize 3D bounding boxes depth-ordering heuristics for robust instance association and motion-based 3D trajectory prediction for re-identification of occluded vehicles. In the end, an LSTM-based object velocity learning module aggregates the long-term trajectory information for more accurate motion extrapolation. Experiments on our proposed simulation data and real-world benchmarks, including KITTI, nuScenes, and Waymo datasets, show that our tracking framework offers robust object association and tracking on urban-driving scenarios. On the Waymo Open benchmark, we establish the first camera-only baseline in the 3D tracking and 3D detection challenges. Our quasi-dense 3D tracking pipeline achieves impressive improvements on the nuScenes 3D tracking benchmark with near five times tracking accuracy of the best vision-only submission among all published methods. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Trajectories

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Dual-Cloud Multi-Secret Sharing Architecture for Privacy Preserving Persistent Computation

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IEEE Transactions on information Forensics and Security 2024年 19卷 7523-7535页

作者： Chen, Yu-Chi Yang, Jhe-Kai Yen, Hsin-Chan Lin, Pei-Wen National Taipei University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taipei10608 Taiwan Yuan Ze University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Taoyuan32003 Taiwan Genie Networks Taipei114064 Taiwan

With the prevalence of artificial intelligence, people collect data through numerous sensors and use machine learning to create models for intelligent services. However, data privacy and massive data issues are raised with the proliferation of devices. Although secret sharing can be the solution to providing privacy and performing efficient computations (than homomorphic encryption-based) in the privacy domain, sharing large amounts of data may impose a considerable storage burden on resource-restricted devices. Therefore, we aim to reduce the shares that participants need to hold and construct secure computation protocols that form privacy-preserving data utilization with multi-secret sharing. In this paper, we study the mechanism of persistent computation with multi-secret sharing for privacy protection, which avoids the requirements for participants to store extra information during secure computation. We present the mask techniques to convert secrets into protected data and upload them separately to non-colluding dual-cloud servers through multi-secret sharing. Then, we can locally evaluate the operation result shares by revealing a part of the protected data, where the true secret consistently remains secure as the other part stays in a shared state. Eventually, we outsource a dataset to the cloud, build a privacy-preserving multi-party kNN classification based on our scheme, and provide some experiments to demonstrate the feasibility and usability of storage size. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： computer architecture

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