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2024 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics, ICCE 2024

作者： Zhao, Andrew Fratila, Andrea Zhang, Yang Zhai, Zhenduo Liu, Zhiguang Shang, Yi University of Illinois Computer Science Department United States University of Missouri Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324136

The integration of drone technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has opened up new possibilities for wildlife conservation and habitat monitoring. In this paper, we present a new system for efficiently and accurately analyzing waterfowl populations and classifying their habitats over large natural areas using drone imagery and deep learning (DL). Given a sequence of drone images captured by a drone along a flight path, the system utilizes customized deep learning models for waterfowl detection and counting, Meta's SAM for image segmentation and customized deep learning models for segment classification, and ChatGPT to generate text-based survey reports. Several image overlap detection methods were developed and compared with. Our experimental results show accurate waterfowl and habitat detection results and improvement over previous work, providing efficient and accurate data analysis for wildlife conservation efforts. © 2024 IEEE.

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Internet of things technology, research, and challenges: a survey

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第11期84卷 8455-8490页

作者： Vishwakarma, Amit Kumar Chaurasia, Soni Kumar, Kamal Singh, Yatindra Nath Chaurasia, Renu Management science and technology Khalifa University Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Computer science & Engineering SGT University Gurugram India Department of Information Technology IGDTUW New Delhi India Electrical Engineering IIT Kanpur Kanpur India Computer science & Engineering AIT Rooma Kanpur India

The world of digitization is growing exponentially;data optimization, security of a network, and energy efficiency are becoming more prominent. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the core technology of modern society. This paper is based on a survey of recent and past technologies used for IoT optimization models, such as IoT with Blockchain, IoT with WSN, IoT with ML, and IoT with big data analysis. Suppose anyone wants to start core research on IoT technologies, research opportunities, challenges, and solutions. In that case, this paper will help me understand all the basics, such as security, interoperability, standards, scalability, complexity, data management, and quality of service (QoS). This paper also discusses some recent technologies and the challenges in implementation. Finally, this paper discusses research possibilities in basic and applied IoT Domains. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Internet of things

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Noisy Computing of the Threshold Function 36

Noisy Computing of the Threshold Function

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36th International Conference on Algorithmic Learning Theory, ALT 2025

作者： Wang, Ziao Ghaddar, Nadim Zhu, Banghua Wang, Lele Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia Canada

Coping with noise in computing is an important problem to consider in large systems. With applications in fault tolerance (Hastad et al., 1987;Pease et al., 1980;Pippenger et al., 1991), noisy sorting (Shah and Wainwright, 2018;Agarwal et al., 2017;Falahatgar et al., 2017;Heckel et al., 2019;Wang et al., 2024a;Gu and Xu, 2023;Kunisky et al., 2024), noisy searching (Berlekamp, 1964;Horstein, 1963;Burnashev and Zigangirov, 1974;Pelc, 1989;Karp and Kleinberg, 2007), among many others, the goal is to devise algorithms with the minimum number of queries that are robust enough to detect and correct the errors that can happen during the computation. In this work, we consider the noisy computing of the threshold-k function. For n Boolean variables x = (x1, ..., xn) ∈ {0, 1}n, the threshold-k function THk(·) computes whether the number of 1's in x is at least k or not, i.e., (Equation presented) The noisy queries correspond to noisy readings of the bits, where at each time step, the agent queries one of the bits, and with probability p, the wrong value of the bit is returned. It is assumed that the constant p ∈ (0, 1/2) is known to the agent. Our goal is to characterize the optimal query complexity for computing the THk function with error probability at most δ. This model for noisy computation of the THk function has been studied by Feige et al. (1994), where the order of the optimal query complexity is established;however, the exact tight characterization of the optimal number of queries is still open. In this paper, our main contribution is tightening this gap by providing new upper and lower bounds for the computation of the THk function, which simultaneously improve the existing upper and lower bounds. The main result of this paper can be stated as follows: for any 1 ≤ k ≤ n, there exists an algorithm that computes the THk function with an error probability at most δ = o(1), and the algorithm uses at most (Equation presented) queries in expectation. Here we define m (Eq

关键词： Active learning

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Non-planar dielectrics derived thermal and electrostatic field inhomogeneity for boosted weather-adaptive energy harvesting

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National science Review 2023年第9期10卷 248-257页

作者： Yi Zhou Tianpeng Ding Yin Cheng Yi Huang Wu Wang Jianmin Yang Lin Xie Ghim Wei Ho Jiaqing He Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Thermoelectric Materials and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore School of Electronic Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research (A*STAR) GuangdongHong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Photonic-Thermal-Electrical Energy Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and Technology

Weather-adaptive energy harvesting of omnipresent waste heat and rain droplets,though promising in the field of environmental energy sustainability,is still far from practice due to its low electrical output owing to diele ctric structure irrationality and *** we present atypical upcycling of ambient heat and raindrop energy via an all-in-one non-planar energy harvester,simultaneously increasing solar pyroelectricity and droplet-based triboelectricity by two-fold,in contrast to conventional *** delivered non-planar dielectric with high transmittance confines the solar irradiance onto a focal hotspot,offering transverse thermal field propagation towards boosted inhomogeneous polarization with a generated power density of 6.1 mW m-2at 0.2 ***,the enlarged lateral surface area of curved architecture promotes droplet spreading/separation,thus travelling the electrostatic field towards increased *** enhanced pyroelectric and triboelectric outputs,upgraded with advanced manufacturing,demonstrate applicability in adaptive sustainable energy harvesting on sunny,cloudy,night,and rainy *** findings highlight a facile yet efficient strategy,not only for weather-adaptive environmental energy recovery but also in providing key insights for spatial thermal/electrostatic field manipulation in thermo electrics and ferroelectrics.

关键词： non-planar dielectrics heat manipulation pyroelectrics weather-adaptive energy harvesting

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Spatio-temporal Graph-Based Generation and Detection of Adversarial False Data Injection Evasion Attacks in Smart Grids

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第12期5卷 6601-6616页

作者： Takiddin, Abdulrahman Ismail, Muhammad Atat, Rachad Serpedin, Erchin Florida State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering FAMU-FSU College of Engineering TallahasseeFL32310 United States Tennessee Tech University Department of Computer Science CookevilleTN38505 United States Lebanese American University Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Beirut1102-2801 Lebanon Texas A&M University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College StationTX77843 United States

Smart power grids are vulnerable to security threats due to their cyber-physical nature. Existing data-driven detectors aim to address simple traditional false data injection attacks (FDIAs). However, adversarial false data injection evasion attacks (FDIEAs) present a more serious threat as adversaries, with different levels of knowledge about the system, inject adversarial samples to circumvent the grid's attack detection system. The robustness of state-of-the-art graph-based detectors has not been investigated against sophisticated FDIEAs. Hence, this article answers three research questions. 1) What is the impact of utilizing spatio-temporal features to craft adversarial samples and how to select attack nodes? 2) How can adversaries generate surrogate spatio-temporal data when they lack knowledge about the system topology? 3) What are the required model characteristics for a robust detection against adversarial FDIEAs? To answer the questions, we examine the robustness of several detectors against five attack cases and conclude the following: 1) Attack generation with full knowledge using spatio-temporal features leads to 5%-26% and 2%-5% higher degradation in detection rate (DR) compared to traditional FDIAs and using temporal features, respectively, whereas centrality analysis-based attack node selection leads to 3%-11% higher degradation in DR compared to a random selection;2) Stochastic geometry-based graph generation to create surrogate adversarial topologies and samples leads to 3%-13% higher degradation in DR compared to traditional FDIAs;and 3) Adopting an unsupervised spatio-temporal graph autoencoder (STGAE)-based detector enhances the DR by 5-53% compared to benchmark detectors against FDIEAs. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Emergent classical spin liquid phases in an Ising lattice via size effects

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Physical Review B 2024年第2期109卷 L020303-L020303页

作者： Pratik Brahma Sayeef Salahuddin Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA

We show that a classical spin liquid phase can emerge from an ordered magnetic state in the two-dimensional frustrated Shastry-Sutherland Ising lattice due to lateral confinement. Two distinct classical spin liquid states are stabilized: (i) long-range spin-correlated dimers, and (ii) exponentially decaying spin-correlated disordered states, depending on widths of W=3n, 3n+1 or W=3n+2,n being a positive integer. Stabilization of spin liquids in a square-triangular lattice moves beyond the conventional geometric paradigm of kagome, triangular, or tetrahedral arrangements of antiferromagnetic ions, where spin liquids have been discussed conventionally.

关键词： Phase diagrams Spin liquid Classical spin models Lattice types Ising model Transfer matrix calculations

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Generating animatable 3D cartoon faces from single portraits

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第4期6卷 292-307页

作者： Chuanyu PAN Guowei YANG Taijiang MU Yu-Kun LAI Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of California BerkeleyBerkeley CA 94704USA Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF244AGUK

Background With the development of virtual reality(VR)technology,there is a growing need for customized 3D ***,traditional methods for 3D avatar modeling are either time-consuming or fail to retain the similarity to the person being *** study presents a novel framework for generating animatable 3D cartoon faces from a single portrait *** First,we transferred an input real-world portrait to a stylized cartoon image using *** then proposed a two-stage reconstruction method to recover a 3D cartoon face with detailed *** two-stage strategy initially performs coarse estimation based on template models and subsequently refines the model by nonrigid deformation under landmark ***,we proposed a semantic-preserving face-rigging method based on manually created templates and deformation *** Compared with prior arts,the qualitative and quantitative results show that our method achieves better accuracy,aesthetics,and similarity ***,we demonstrated the capability of the proposed 3D model for real-time facial animation.

关键词： 3D reconstruction Cartoon face reconstruction Face rigging Stylized reconstruction Virtual reality

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Federated Multi-armed Bandits Under Byzantine Attacks

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第06期6卷 1488-1501页

作者： Saday, Artun Demirel, Ilker Yildirim, Yigit Tekin, Cem Bilkent University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ankara06800 Turkey Massachusetts Institute of Technology Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory CambridgeMA02139 United States

Multi-armed bandits (MAB) is a sequential decision-making model in which the learner controls the trade-off between exploration and exploitation to maximize its cumulative reward. Federated multi-armed bandits (FMAB) is an emerging framework where a cohort of learners with heterogeneous local models play a MAB game and communicate their aggregated feedback to a server to learn a globally optimal arm. Two key hurdles in FMAB are communication-efficient learning and resilience to adversarial attacks. To address these issues, we study the FMAB problem in the presence of Byzantine clients who can send false model updates threatening the learning process. We analyze the sample complexity and the regret of β-optimal arm identification. We borrow tools from robust statistics and propose a median-of-means (MoM)-based online algorithm, Fed-MoM-UCB, to cope with Byzantine clients. In particular, we show that if the Byzantine clients constitute less than half of the cohort, the cumulative regret with respect to β-optimal arms is bounded over time with high probability, showcasing both communication efficiency and Byzantine resilience. We analyze the interplay between the algorithm parameters, a discernibility margin, regret, communication cost, and the arms' suboptimality gaps. We demonstrate Fed-MoM-UCB's effectiveness against the baselines in the presence of Byzantine attacks via experiments. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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A feature selection-aided deep learning based deepfake video detection method

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-24页

作者： Mohiuddin, Sk Roy, Ayush Pani, Saptarshi Malakar, Samir Sarkar, Ram Department of Computer Science Asutosh College Kolkata700026 India Department of Electrical Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata700032 India Department of Computer Science UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø9019 Norway Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata700032 India

The rapid advancements in deepfake technology are imposing significant challenges in detecting manipulated media contents. In this work, we have introduced a deepfake detection method that utilizes three pre-trained convolutional neural network models, namely DenseNet-121, EfficientNet-B0, and Xception to extract deep learning features from preprocessed extracted video frames. Next, these features are stacked to generate diverse feature representations, and thus end up with high-dimensional features. After that, a feature selection strategy is employed on the combined features to eliminate redundant and less effective features. The selected features are then fed into the K-nearest neighbors classifier to decide whether a questioned video is a fake video or not. Two widely used deepfake video datasets, namely FaceForensics++ and Celeb-DF (V2) are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed technique following two experimental setups: intra- and inter-datasets. The results show that the model achieves area under curve scores of 98.50% (85.70%) and 97.70% (79.00%) in the intra-dataset (inter-dataset) setups while trained on the FaceForensics++ and Celeb-DF (V2) datasets, respectively. The performance of the proposed model is comparable to that of state-of-the-art methods. Source code of the proposed method can be found at: here. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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AtomGAN:unsupervised deep learning for fast and accurate defect detection of 2D materials at the atomic scale

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第6期66卷 102-114页

作者： Danpeng CHENG Wuxin SHA Zuo XU Shide LI Zhigao YIN Yuling LANG Shun TANG Yuan-Cheng CAO State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology CITIC Dicastal Co. Ltd.

The extraction of atomic-level material features from electron microscope images is crucial for studying structure-property relationships and discovering new materials. However, traditional electron microscope analyses rely on time-consuming and complex human operations; thus, they are only applicable to images with a small number of atoms. In addition, the analysis results vary due to observers' individual deviations. Although efforts to introduce automated methods have been performed previously, many of these methods lack sufficient labeled data or require various conditions in the detection process that can only be applied to the target material. Thus, in this study, we developed AtomGAN, which is a robust, unsupervised learning method, that segments defects in classical 2D material systems and the heterostructures of MoS2/WS2automatically. To solve the data scarcity problem, the proposed model is trained on unpaired simulated data that contain point and line defects for MoS2/WS2. The proposed AtomGAN was evaluated on both simulated and real electron microscope images. The results demonstrate that the segmented point defects and line defects are presented perfectly in the resulting figures, with a measurement precision of 96.9%. In addition, the cycled structure of AtomGAN can quickly generate a large number of simulated electron microscope images.

关键词： deep learning generative adversarial network defect detection atomic resolution 2D materials

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