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Electron charge qubit with 0.1 millisecond coherence time

Nature Physics 2024年第1期20卷 116-122页

作者： Zhou, Xianjing Li, Xinhao Chen, Qianfan Koolstra, Gerwin Yang, Ge Dizdar, Brennan Huang, Yizhong Wang, Christopher S. Han, Xu Zhang, Xufeng Schuster, David I. Jin, Dafei Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL United States Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering University of Chicago ChicagoIL United States Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States The NSF AI Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions CambridgeMA United States Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States James Franck Institute and Department of Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern University BostonMA United States Department of Applied Physics Stanford University StanfordCA United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Notre Dame Notre DameIN United States

Electron charge qubits are compelling candidates for solid-state quantum computing because of their inherent simplicity in qubit design, fabrication, control and readout. However, electron charge qubits built on conventional semiconductors and superconductors suffer from severe charge noise that limits their coherence time to the order of one microsecond. Here we report electron charge qubits that exceed this limit, based on isolated single electrons trapped on an ultraclean solid neon surface in a vacuum. Quantum information is encoded in the motional states of an electron that is strongly coupled with microwave photons in an on-chip superconducting resonator. The measured relaxation and coherence times are both on the order of 0.1 ms, surpassing all existing charge qubits and rivalling state-of-the-art superconducting transmon qubits. The simultaneous strong coupling of two qubits with a common resonator is also demonstrated, as the first step towards two-qubit entangling gates for universal quantum computing. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

关键词： Superconducting resonators

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ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network Design for Environmental Monitoring

ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network Design for Environmental Moni...

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International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Smart Environment, ICAISE 2024

作者： Enehizena, Osatohanmwen Noghayin Ogbeide, Kingsley Osaro Farhaoui, Yousef Imoize, Agbotiname Lucky Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Benin Benin City Nigeria STI Laboratory T-IDMS Department of Computer Science Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia Moulay Ismail University of Meknes Meknes Morocco Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Lagos Lagos Akoka 100213 Nigeria

ISBN: (纸本)9783031909207

Traditional wireless standards like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are inadequate for home and hospital automation due to energy efficiency, range, latency, security, and cost limitations. This article proposes a ZigBee-based Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) design, offering a more suitable solution for control and automation applications. This network collects and transmits environmental data to a central monitoring station, where it is recorded and accessible online or via mobile devices. Users and managers can make informed decisions based on this data, receiving alerts when parameters exceed set thresholds. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Environmental monitoring Sensor nodes Wireless Sensor Network ZigBee

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Robust Non-adaptive Group Testing under Errors in Group Membership Specifications

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Banerjee, Shuvayan Srivastava, Radhendushka Saunderson, James Rajwade, Ajit IITB-Monash Research Academy Australia The Department of Mathematics IIT Bombay India The Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Australia The Department of Computer Science and Engineering IIT Bombay India

关键词： Specifications

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PROVABLE SIM-TO-REAL TRANSFER IN CONTINUOUS DOMAIN WITH PARTIAL OBSERVATIONS 11

PROVABLE SIM-TO-REAL TRANSFER IN CONTINUOUS DOMAIN WITH PART...

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11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023

作者： Hu, Jiachen Zhong, Han Jin, Chi Wang, Liwei School of Computer Science Peking University China Center for Data Science Peking University China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University United States National Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence School of Intelligence Science and Technology Peking University Center for Data Science Peking University Beijing Institute of Big Data Research China

Sim-to-real transfer, which trains RL agents in the simulated environments and then deploys them in the real world, has been widely used to overcome the limitations of gathering samples in the real world. Despite the empirical success of the sim-to-real transfer, its theoretical foundation is much less understood. In this paper, we study the sim-to-real transfer in continuous domain with partial observations, where the simulated environments and real-world environments are modeled by linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) systems. We show that a popular robust adversarial training algorithm is capable of learning a policy from the simulated environment that is competitive to the optimal policy in the real-world environment. To achieve our results, we design a new algorithm for infinite-horizon average-cost LQGs and establish a regret bound that depends on the intrinsic complexity of the model class. Our algorithm crucially relies on a novel history clipping scheme, which might be of independent interest. © 2023 11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023. All rights reserved.

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Not All Fabrics Are Created Equal: Exploring eFPGA Parameters for IP Redaction

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IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) systems 2023年第10期31卷 1459-1471页

作者： Bhandari, Jitendra Moosa, Abdul Khader Thalakkattu Tan, Benjamin Pilato, Christian Gore, Ganesh Tang, Xifan Temple, Scott Gaillardon, Pierre-Emmanuel Karri, Ramesh New York University Center for Cybersecurity New YorkNY11201 United States University of Calgary Department of Electrical and Software Engineering CalgaryT2N 1N4 Canada Politecnico di Milano Informazione e Bioingegneria Dipartimento di Elettronica Milan20133 Italy The University of Utah Laboratory for NanoIntegrated Systems Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Salt Lake CityUT84112 United States

Semiconductor design houses rely on third-party foundries to manufacture their integrated circuits (ICs). While this trend allows them to tackle fabrication costs, it introduces security concerns as external (and potentially malicious) parties can access critical parts of the designs and steal or modify the intellectual property (IP). Embedded field-programmable gate array (eFPGA) redaction is a promising technique to protect critical IPs of an ASIC by redacting (i.e., removing) critical parts and mapping them onto a custom reconfigurable fabric. Only trusted parties will receive the correct bitstream to restore the redacted functionality. While previous studies imply that using an eFPGA is a sufficient condition to provide security against IP threats like reverse-engineering, whether this truly holds for all eFPGA architectures is unclear, thus motivating the study in this article. We examine the security of eFPGA fabrics generated by varying different FPGA design parameters. We characterize the power, performance, and area (PPA) characteristics and evaluate each fabric's resistance to Boolean satisfiability (SAT)-based bitstream recovery. Our results encourage designers to work with custom eFPGA fabrics rather than off-The-shelf commercial FPGAs and reveals that only considering a redaction fabric's bitstream size is inadequate for gauging security. © 1993-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Fabrication

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Novel Aerial User Equipment Task Offloading Optimization in Integrated 6G Terrestrial and Non-Terrestrial Networks: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

Novel Aerial User Equipment Task Offloading Optimization in ...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Nway Nway Ei Sheikh Salman Hassan Yan Kyaw Tun Zhu Han Choong Seon Hong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kyung Hee University Yongin Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg University København Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX

ISBN: (数字)9798350351255

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351262

This paper investigates a novel network architecture – the 6G integrated terrestrial-non-terrestrial network (ITNTN) with multi-access edge computing (ITNT-MEC). This system aims to bridge the connectivity gap between terrestrial infrastructure and non-terrestrial networks while offering real-time data processing through edge computing. We consider a scenario where aerial user equipments (AUEs) share resources of terrestrial base stations (TBSs) with terrestrial UEs (TUEs). We formulate an optimization problem to minimize the total energy consumption of both AUEs and TUEs. This problem involves joint optimization of AUE association (i.e., TBS or low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite), AUE trajectories, and TBS bandwidth allocation. Due to the dynamic network environment and non-convex optimization characteristics, solving this problem presents a significant challenge. To address this, we propose a novel algorithm that combines block coordinate descent (BCD) with deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) and a convex optimization method. Simulation results demonstrate the significant reductions in total energy consumption compared to baseline approaches, achieving improvements of 23%, 36.6%, and 46.5% against DQN-TO, RA, and FT, respectively.

关键词： 6G mobile communication Energy consumption Satellites Simulation Low earth orbit satellites Channel allocation Convex functions Real-time systems Resource management Trajectory optimization

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Forecasting-Aided Graphical Learning for Robust State Estimation of Distribution System 1

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8th Purple Mountain Forum on Smart Grid Protection and Control, PMF 2023

作者： Di, Cao Zhao, Junbo Hu, Jiaxiang Huang, Yuehui Huang, Qi Chen, Zhe Hu, Weihao University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269 United States State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy and Storage Systems China Electric Power Research Institute Beijing China Department of Energy Technology Aalborg University Pontoppidanstraede 111 Aalborg Denmark

ISBN: (数字)9789819992515

ISBN: (纸本)9789819992508

The forecasting of of pseudo-measurements play an important role in distribution system state estimation (DSSE). This paper proposes robust DSSE method based on forecasting-aided graphical learning method. The nodal power consumption models are first built to produce pseudo-measurements based on deep neural network. Then, the pseudo-measurements and real-time measurements are represented as a graph according to the topology of the distribution network, which are further processed by a graph attention network to capture the mapping relationship between the graphical measurements and the state variables based on the error modeling of pseudo-measurements. The robustness against anomalous measurements is achieved through the embedding of structural information of DN. The modeling of pseudo-measurements further enhance its robustness by guiding the formulation of edge weights of the graph neural network. Comparative tests are carried out on a IEEE 119-node system to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method. © 2024, State Grid Electric Power.

关键词： Electric power distribution

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An overview of recent progress in the development of flexible electrochromic devices

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Nano Materials science 2023年第4期5卷 369-391页

作者： Bin Wang Wu Zhang Feifei Zhao William W.Yu Abdulhakem Y.Elezzabi Linhua Liu Haizeng Li Optics and Thermal Radiation Research Center Institute of Frontier&Interdisciplinary ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao266237China School of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250100China Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 2V4Canada

Electrochromic materials are capable of reversibly switching their colors or optical properties through redox reactions under applied voltages,which have shown great potential applications including smart windows,nonemissive displays,optical filters,among *** the current rigid electrochromic devices have shown emerging interest and developed rapidly,many applications(e.g.,wearable/deformable optoelectronics)are blocked due to their inflexible ***,the adaption of rigid electrochromic devices to flexible ones is of particular interest for the new era of smart *** this review,the current state-of-the-art achievements of flexible electrochromic devices(FECDs)are highlighted,along with their design strategies and the choice of electrochromic *** recent research progress of FECDs is reviewed in detail,and the challenges and corresponding solutions for real-world applications of FECDs are ***,we summarize the basic fabrication strategies of FECDs and their potential *** addition,the development trend,the perspectives,and the outlook of FECDs are discussed at the end of this Review,which may provide recommendations and potential directions to advance the practical applications of FECDs.

关键词： Electrochromism Flexible electrochromic devices Optoelectronics Optical materials

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On de Bruijn Array Codes, Part II: Linear Codes

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chee, Yeow Meng Etzion, Tuvi Lao, Huimin Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore Singapore Computer Science Department Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa3200003 Israel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

An M-sequence generated by a primitive polynomial has many interesting and desirable properties. A pseudorandom array is the two-dimensional generalization of an M-sequence. Similarly to primitive polynomials, there are irreducible and reducible polynomials whose all nonzero sequences have the same length. In this paper, a two-dimensional generalization for such sequences is given. This generalization is for a pseudo-random array code which is a set of r1×r2 arrays in which each n1×n2 nonzero matrix is contained exactly once as a window in one of the arrays. Moreover, these arrays have the shift-and-add property, i.e., the bitwise addition of two arrays (or a nontrivial shift of such arrays) is another array (or a shift of another array) from the code. All the known arrays can be formed by folding sequences generated from an irreducible polynomial or a reducible polynomial whose factors have the same degree and the same exponent. Two proof techniques are used to prove the parameters of the constructed arrays. The first one is based on another method for constructing some of these arrays. The second one is a generalization of a known proof technique. This generalization enables to present pseudo-random arrays with parameters not known before and also a variety of pseudo-random array codes which cannot be generated by the first method. The two techniques also suggest two different hierarchies between pseudo-random array codes. Finally, a method to verify whether a folding of sequences, generated by these polynomials, yields a pseudo-random array or a pseudo-random array code, will be presented. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Polynomials

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Evaluation of Chest CT-Scan Anomaly Detection Models Using Principal Component Analysis 25

Evaluation of Chest CT-Scan Anomaly Detection Models Using P...

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25th International Arab Conference on Information Technology, ACIT 2024

作者： Alyabrodi, Ala Al-Daja, Shrouq Injadat, MohammadNoor Moubayed, Abdallah Elrashidi, Ali Zarqa University Cyber Security Department Zarqa Jordan Zarqa University Data Science & Ai Department Zarqa Jordan King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Research Center for Intelligent Secure Systems Computer Engineering Department and Interdisciplinary Dhahran Saudi Arabia University of Business and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Jeddah21432 Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540012

Machine learning-based improvements in anomaly detection, visualization, and segmentation are made possible by the growing digitization of medical imaging, which reduces the workload for medical specialists. Nevertheless, trustworthy labeled data is necessary for supervised machine learning and is sometimes expensive, time-consuming, or impossible to get. Consequently, techniques that need either little labeling (unsupervised methods) or partial labeling (semi-supervised methods) have been used increasingly been used. One approach that can be used to tackle medical imaging tasks like segmentation and classification is anomaly detection, which makes use of both unsupervised and semi-supervised methods. This study investigates the anomaly detection capabilities of deep learning and machine learning models trained on chest CT scans. To adopt this approach, firstly, by evaluating several feature extraction techniques (Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Autoencoder, and variance threshold), PCA achieves the best results on the selected dataset. After that, different machine learning and deep learning models (Isolation Forest, K-means, feed-forward neural networks, and convolutional neural networks) are assessed to detect anomalies using PCA for dimensionality reduction. The experiments show that the NN-Feedforward model with PCA outperformed the other models, also attains remarkably low false alarm rate, demonstrating its effectiveness in reducing false positives and precisely detecting anomalies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： computerized tomography

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