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arXiv 2024年

作者： Murshed, Rafid Umayer Ullah, Md Saheed Saquib, Mohammad Win, Moe Z. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas DallasTX United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Delaware United States Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts United States

This paper investigates the potential of contrastive learning in 6G ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (UM-MIMO) communication systems, specifically focusing on hybrid beamforming under imperfect channel state information (CSI) conditions at THz. UM-MIMO systems are promising for future 6G wireless communication networks due to their high spectral efficiency and capacity. The accuracy of CSI significantly influences the performance of UM-MIMO systems. However, acquiring perfect CSI is challenging due to various practical constraints such as channel estimation errors, feedback delays, and hardware imperfections. To address this issue, we propose a novel self-supervised contrastive learning-based approach for hybrid beamforming, which is robust against imperfect CSI. We demonstrate the power of contrastive learning to tackle the challenges posed by imperfect CSI and show that our proposed method results in improved system performance in terms of achievable rate compared to traditional methods. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Comment on“In vivo flow cytometry reveals a circadian rhythm of circulating tumor cells”

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Light(science & Applications) 2021年第10期10卷 1998-1999页

作者： Amber L.Williams Jessica E.Fitzgerald Fernando Ivich Eduardo DSontag Mark Niedre Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Dear Editor,Circulating tumor cells(CTCs)are instrumental in hematogenous metastasis and are widely studied using liquid biopsy *** involve analysis and characterization of CTCs from fractionally small blood samples drawn from *** biopsy implicitly assumes that the number and phenotypical distribution of CTCs in small blood samples is representative of the full peripheral blood volume,and furthermore that CTC numbers are approximately constant over the days and hours surrounding the blood draw.

关键词： biopsy metastasis furthermore

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Hierarchical Caching for Digital Twins Communications Over mURLLC-Based 6G Distributed-Computing Mobile Networks Using FBC

Hierarchical Caching for Digital Twins Communications Over m...

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International Conference on Distributed Computing systems Workshop

作者： Xi Zhang Qixuan Zhu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350354713

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354720

The massive ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (mURLLC) services are emerging as a new traffic type to support massive numbers of mobile users (MUs) demanding the stringent delay and error-rate bounded quality-of-services (QoS) requirements over 6G. Among multiple 6G mURLLC services, digital twins (DT) has been widely envisioned as a major intelligent application to support efficient interactions between physical and virtual objects. Moreover, multi-tier caching, which is one of the key distributed computing techniques, stores the frequently-demanded data items at different wireless network tiers to efficiently reduce mURLLC streaming delay and data move. However, how to efficiently cache mURLLC-based DT data items at different caching tiers of wireless networks and how to statistically upper-bound both delay and error-rate for DT communications remain challenging problems. To overcome these difficulties, in this paper we propose a multi-tier caching mechanism to support DT communications over 6 G mobile networks. First, we propose the DT data adaptive collection scheme applying finite blocklength coding (FBC) to dynamically encode a physical object into its virtual representation according to the current network and wireless channel statuses. Second, we develop inter-tier and intra-tier collaborative caching mechanisms, where DT data items are selectively cached at different wireless network caching tiers according to their popularities including: router tier, massive-multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) basestation tier, and mobile device tier. Third, our proposed intertier collaborative caching mechanisms maximize the aggregate $\epsilon$ effective capacity across all three caching tiers, and our proposed intra-tier collaborative caching mechanisms minimize the sum of data transmission delay for all DT data items cached in each caching tier. Finally, we numerically validate and evaluate our developed multi-tier hierarchical caching schemes over 6G DTe

关键词： 6G mobile communication Wireless networks Aggregates Collaboration Distributed databases Quality of service Encoding

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How to Leverage Diverse Demonstrations in Offline Imitation Learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yue, Sheng Liu, Jiani Hua, Xingyuan Ren, Ju Lin, Sen Zhang, Junshan Zhang, Yaoxue Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China Department of Computer Science University of Houston TX United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis United States

Offline Imitation Learning (IL) with imperfect demonstrations has garnered increasing attention owing to the scarcity of expert data in many real-world domains. A fundamental problem in this scenario is how to extract positive behaviors from noisy data. In general, current approaches to the problem select data building on state-action similarity to given expert demonstrations, neglecting precious information in (potentially abundant) diverse state-actions that deviate from expert ones. In this paper, we introduce a simple yet effective data selection method that identifies positive behaviors based on their resultant states - a more informative criterion enabling explicit utilization of dynamics information and effective extraction of both expert and beneficial diverse behaviors. Further, we devise a lightweight behavior cloning algorithm capable of leveraging the expert and selected data correctly. In the experiments, we evaluate our method on a suite of complex and high-dimensional offline IL benchmarks, including continuous-control and vision-based tasks. The results demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance, outperforming existing methods on 20/21 benchmarks, typically by 2-5x, while maintaining a comparable runtime to Behavior Cloning (BC). Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Demonstrations

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A unified framework for information-theoretic generalization bounds 23

A unified framework for information-theoretic generalization...

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Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing systems

作者： Yifeng Chu Maxim Raginsky Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana IL

This paper presents a general methodology for deriving information-theoretic generalization bounds for learning algorithms. The main technical tool is a probabilistic decorrelation lemma based on a change of measure and a relaxation of Young's inequality in $L_{\psi_p}$ Orlicz spaces. Using the decorrelation lemma in combination with other techniques, such as symmetrization, couplings, and chaining in the space of probability measures, we obtain new upper bounds on the generalization error, both in expectation and in high probability, and recover as special cases many of the existing generalization bounds, including the ones based on mutual information, conditional mutual information, stochastic chaining, and PAC-Bayes inequalities. In addition, the Fernique-Talagrand upper bound on the expected supremum of a subgaussian process emerges as a special case.

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M3ED: Multi-Robot, Multi-Sensor, Multi-Environment Event Dataset

M3ED: Multi-Robot, Multi-Sensor, Multi-Environment Event Dat...

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2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： Chaney, Kenneth Cladera, Fernando Wang, Ziyun Bisulco, Anthony Hsieh, M. Ani Korpela, Christopher Kumar, Vijay Taylor, Camillo J. Daniilidis, Kostas University of Pennsylvania GRASP Laboratory PA19104 United States Robotics Research Center Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science United States Military Academy West PointNY10996 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

We present M3ED, the first multi-sensor event camera dataset focused on high-speed dynamic motions in robotics applications. M3ED provides high-quality synchronized and labeled data from multiple platforms, including ground vehicles, legged robots, and aerial robots, operating in challenging conditions such as driving along off-road trails, navigating through dense forests, and performing aggressive flight maneuvers. Our dataset also covers demanding operational scenarios for event cameras, such as scenes with high egomotion and multiple independently moving objects. The sensor suite used to collect M3ED includes high-resolution stereo event cameras (1280×720), grayscale imagers, an RGB imager, a high-quality IMU, a 64-beam LiDAR, and RTK localization. This dataset aims to accelerate the development of event-based algorithms and methods for edge cases encountered by autonomous systems in dynamic environments. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cameras

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A Deep Learning Approach for Detecting Diabetic Retinopathy

A Deep Learning Approach for Detecting Diabetic Retinopathy

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International Conference on computer and Applications (ICCA)

作者： Mohamed Hossam Hassan Nabil Laila Hammam Hany Ayad Bastawrous Gamal A. Ebrahim Electrical Engineering Department The British University in Egypt Cairo Egypt Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlans Computer and Systems Engineerig Department Faculty of Engineering Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350367560

ISBN: (纸本)9798350367577

The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that diabetic retinopathy affects one-third of diabetics, regardless of their stage of the disease. Several research efforts are focused on its automated detection and diagnosis. Identifying diabetic retinopathy is crucial due to the damage that occurs to the blood vessels of the eye retina, leading to vision blur or even complete blindness. Thus, an annual checkup is needed for people with diabetes. Moreover, uncontrolled sugar levels for diabetes patients could worsen the current stage of diabetic retinopathy. Consequently, automated detection can greatly contribute to the treatment of disease. This can be carried out through several algorithms, including deep learning models and support vector machines, in addition to transfer learning. This contribution proposes a new approach for diabetic retinopathy automated detection based on convolutional neural network (CNN) models. The proposed model provides both binary and multi-class detection. Both scenarios have shown promising results, where the training accuracies of both the binary classification and the multi-class are 92% and 94%, respectively.

关键词： Deep learning Training Support vector machines Diabetic retinopathy Computational modeling Transfer learning Retina Convolutional neural networks Sugar Diseases

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Imaging atomic-scale chemistry from fused multi-modal electron microscopy

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 164-171页

作者： Jonathan Schwartz Zichao Wendy Di Yi Jiang Alyssa J.Fielitz Don-Hyung Ha Sanjaya D.Perera Ismail El Baggari Richard D.Robinson Jeffrey A.Fessler Colin Ophus Steve Rozeveld Robert Hovden Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Dow Chemical Co. MidlandMIUSA Department of Material Science and Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA School of Integrative Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA The Rowland Institute at Harvard CambridgeMAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA National Center for Electron Microscopy Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryMolecular FoundryBerkeleyCAUSA Applied Physics Program University of MIchiganAnn ArborMIUnited States

Efforts to map atomic-scale chemistry at low doses with minimal noise using electron microscopes are fundamentally limited by inelastic ***,fused multi-modal electron microscopy offers high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)recovery of material chemistry at nano-and atomic-resolution by coupling correlated information encoded within both elastic scattering(high-angle annular dark-field(HAADF))and inelastic spectroscopic signals(electron energy loss(EELS)or energy-dispersive x-ray(EDX)).By linking these simultaneously acquired signals,or modalities,the chemical distribution within nanomaterials can be imaged at significantly lower doses with existing detector *** many cases,the dose requirements can be reduced by over one order of *** high SNR recovery of chemistry is tested against simulated and experimental atomic resolution data of heterogeneous nanomaterials.

关键词： materials chemistry fused

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On Shaping Gain of Multidimensional Constellation in Linear and Nonlinear Optical Fiber Channel

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Bin Liang, Zhiwei Lei, Yi Deng, JingXin Li, Shen Liga, Gabriele School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province China Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Université Laval Québec Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands

Utilizing the multi-dimensional (MD) space for constellation shaping has been proven to be an effective approach for achieving shaping gains. Despite there exists a variety of MD modulation formats tailored for specific optical transmission scenarios, there remains a notable absence of a dependable comparison method for efficiently and promptly re-evaluating their performance in arbitrary transmission systems. In this paper, we introduce an analytical nonlinear interference (NLI) power model-based shaping gain estimation method to enable a fast performance evaluation of various MD modulation formats in coherent dual-polarization (DP) optical transmission system. In order to extend the applicability of this method to a broader set of modulation formats, we extend the established NLI model to take the 4D joint distribution into account and thus able to analyze the complex interactions of non-iid signaling in DP systems. With the help of the NLI model, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art modulation formats and investigate their actual shaping gains in two types of optical fiber communication scenarios (multi-span and single-span). The numerical simulation shows that for arbitrary modulation formats, the NLI power and relative shaping gains in terms of signal-to-noise ratio can be more accurately estimated by capturing the statistics of MD symbols. Furthermore, the proposed method further validates the effectiveness of the reported NLI-tolerant modulation format in the literature, which reveals that the linear shaping gains and modulation-dependent NLI should be jointly considered for nonlinearity mitigation. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Optical fibers

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Construction and optimization of a computational holographic lithography system 8

Construction and optimization of a computational holographic...

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8th International Conference on Speckle Metrology, Speckle 2023

作者： Chen, Rui Lin, Angyi You, Jianfeng Lin, Huixiang Zhao, Wenqing Zhang, Fucai School of Control and Computer Engineering North China Electric Power University Baoding071003 China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Computing for Complex Energy Systems Ministry of Education North China Electric Power University China

ISBN: (数字)9781510674592

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674585

Traditional lithography techniques are currently facing challenges, including high costs and the susceptibility of mask plates to damage. This research aims to elucidate the feasibility and technical constraints of a novel diffraction lithography approach. This method can reduce the size and cost of lithography machines, break through existing technological barriers, and offer new possibilities for the future development of lithography machines. We have built a basic computational holographic lithography system utilizing a 405nm laser and validated the system using holograms obtained with both classical GS algorithm and a newly proposed method. With the GS holograms, patterns with 700nm features have been successfully exposed on the photoresist. With our new algorithms, multiple holograms for the same target pattern can be generated with different settings in the algorithm. Sequential exposure of those holograms resulted in continuous lines 500 nm wide with reduced speckle artifacts, which was about a 1.4-time improvement over the result from the GS algorithm. Future research will focus on optimizing and enhancing the experimental system and the hologram calculation methods to reduce the line widths further and improve the exposure pattern quality. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Holograms

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