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International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM)

作者： Junfeng Chen Kevin Li Yifei Chen Lili Wei Yepang Liu Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350395686

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395693

The Android ecosystem is profoundly fragmented due to the frequent updates of the Android system and the prevalent customizations by mobile device manufacturers. Previous research primarily focused on identifying and repairing evolution-induced API compatibility issues, with limited consideration of device-specific compatibillty issues (DSC issues). To fill this gap, we conduct an empirical study of 197 DSC issues collected from 94 open-source repositories on GitHub. We introduce a new perspective for comprehending these issues by categorizing them into two principal groups, Functionality Breaks, and OEM Features, based on their manifestations and root causes. The functionality break issues disrupt standard Android system behaviors, lead to crashes or unexpected behaviors on specific devices, and require developers to implement workarounds to preserve the original functionality. The OEM feature issues involve the introduction of device-specific functionalities or features beyond the basic Android system. The different nature of functionality break issues and OEM feature issues lead to unique challenges in addressing them. For example, our examination of issue fixing practices highlights significant differences in addressing the two categories of DSC issues. Common solutions for functionality break issues involve calling additional APIs, substituting problematic ones, or using specific parameters, while resolving OEM feature issues often relies on Android inter-component communication methods and reflection, with additional unconventional strategies. Such observations highlight the distinctive challenges in addressing DSC issues in Android apps and will facilitate the future development of testing and analysis tools targeting these issues. Our study demonstrates that Functionality break and OEM feature issues have different characteristics, and future research may need to investigate them separately.

关键词： Software maintenance Source coding Ecosystems Reflection Mobile handsets computer crashes Object recognition Standards Testing Software development management

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Integrated Sensing, Communications, and Powering for Statistical-QoS Provisioning Over Next-Generation Massive-MIMO Mobile Networks

Integrated Sensing, Communications, and Powering for Statist...

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Annual Conference on Information sciences and systems (CISS)

作者： Xi Zhang Qixuan Zhu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

The integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been proposed as a key technique to support the next generation traffic with stringent quality-of-service (QoS) requirements through sensing and communicating using the same radio frequency and hardware. Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) has also emerged to simultaneously deliver information and energy to a receiver. However, how to integrate ISAC with SWIPT to support the stringent QoS traffic has imposed many new challenges not encountered before. To overcome these challenges, in this paper we propose an integrated sensing, communications, and powering (ISACP) technique for supporting both sensing and communication QoS provisioning while delivering the power over the next-generation wireless networks using massive multiple-input and multiple-output (massive MIMO) communications. First, we develop the system models for the ISACP scheme to simultaneously sense the targeted mobile users (MUs), transmit the information, and deliver the power. Second, we propose a hypothesis testing based scheme to estimate the MU’s angle-of-arrival using the sensing signal. Third, we employ the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) to measure the performance of sensing and maximize the energy-efficiency with satisfying requirements of both sensing and communication performances. Finally, we use numerical analyses to validate and evaluate our proposed ISACP scheme.

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Not so griddy: Internal representations of RNNs path integrating more than one agent 38

Not so griddy: Internal representations of RNNs path integra...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Redman, William T. Acosta, Francisco Acosta-Mendoza, Santiago Miolane, Nina Intelligent Systems Center Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory United States Department of Physics University of California Santa Barbara United States Dynamical Neuroscience University of California Santa Barbara United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara United States

Success in collaborative and competitive environments, where agents must work with or against each other, requires individuals to encode the position and trajectory of themselves and others. Decades of neurophysiological experiments have shed light on how brain regions [e.g., medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), hippocampus] encode the self's position and trajectory. However, it has only recently been discovered that MEC and hippocampus are modulated by the positions and trajectories of others. To understand how encoding spatial information of multiple agents shapes neural representations, we train a recurrent neural network (RNN) model that captures properties of MEC to path integrate trajectories of two agents simultaneously navigating the same environment. We find significant differences between these RNNs and those trained to path integrate only a single agent. At the individual unit level, RNNs trained to path integrate more than one agent develop weaker grid responses, stronger border responses, and tuning for the relative position of the two agents. At the population level, they develop more distributed and robust representations, with changes in network dynamics and manifold topology. Our results provide testable predictions and open new directions with which to study the neural computations supporting spatial navigation. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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Single plasmonic exceptional point nanoantenna coupled to a photonic integrated circuit sensor

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Photonics Research 2025年第3期13卷 632-641页

作者： KAMYAR BEHROUZI ZHANNI WU LIWEI LIN BOUBACAR KANTE Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center(BSAC) BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Material Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA

Point-of-care sensors are pivotal for early disease diagnosis,significantly advancing global *** plasmons,the collective oscillations of free electrons under electromagnetic excitation,have been widely studied for biosensing due to their electromagnetic field enhancements at sub-wavelength *** introduce a plasmonic biosensor on a compact photonic integrated circuit(PIC)enhanced by exceptional points(EPs).EPs,singularities in non-Hermitian optical systems,provide extreme sensitivity to external *** emerge when two or more complex resonating modes merge into a single degenerate *** demonstrate an EP in a single coupled nanoantenna particle positioned in a uniquely designed silicon nitride slot-waveguide,which we call a *** laterally shifting two optically coupled gold nanobars of different lengths,we achieve a single particle *** junction-waveguide enables efficient coupling of the plasmonic nanoantenna to the waveguide *** system integrates a four-port Mach-Zehnder interferometer(MZI),allowing for simultaneous measurements of the amplitude and phase of EP,facilitating highly accurate real-time eigenvalue *** biosensing,we encapsulated the detection zone with a microchannel,enabling low-volume and simple sample *** single particle integrated EP sensor demonstrates superior sensitivity compared to the corresponding linear diabolic point(DP)system under both local and bulk sensing schemes,even at large *** studies revealed that the integrated EP sensor can detect a single molecule captured by the nanobars with the average size ranging from 10 to 100 *** proposed EP biosensor,with its extreme sensitivity,compact form,and real-time phase sensing capabilities,provides an approach for detecting and quantifying various biomarkers such as proteins and nucleic acids,offering a unique platform for early disease diagnosis.

关键词： electromagnetic field enhancements photonic integrated circuit plasmonic biosensor collective oscillations free electrons biosensor surface plasmons plasmonic exceptional point compact photonic integrated circuit pic enhanced

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Multi-Variate Time Series Prediction of Traffic and Users for Dynamic RRH-BBU Mapping in C-RAN

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年

作者： Wu, Fan Wang, Shanshan Zhou, Jieyu Pan, Haoye Zhou, Conghao Yang, Wang Lyu, Feng Zhang, Yaoxue Central South University School of Computer Science and Engineering Changsha410083 China Rutgers University Department of Computer Science PiscatawayNJ United States University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada BNRist Tsinghua University Department of Computer Science and Technology Beijing100084 China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing100094 China

Cellular operators face significant challenges in cutting operating expenses while maintaining the quality of service (QoS) for users due to growing network traffic and dynamic user connections. These challenges are addressed by the cloud radio access network (C-RAN) architecture, which includes a centralized pool of baseband units (BBUs) and distributes them from remote radio heads (RRHs). The key to improving C-RAN performance is to dynamically allocate large-scale RRHs to different BBUs in real time. In this paper, we propose a user behavior-aware RRH-BBU mapping framework to improve the performance of large-scale C-RANs by predicting RRH traffic and users in advance. First, we propose a Multivariate RRH time series Prediction Model (MRPM) that captures the spatio-temporal patterns in the data to predict the traffic volume and the number of users of RRHs, which represents key indicators of RRH connection states. Second, we formulate the RRH-BBU mapping as a Markov decision process problem to optimize cost and QoS by considering BBU utilization, BBU energy consumption, RRH migration frequency, and BBU load balancing. Third, we propose a prediction-based RRH-BBU mapping scheme (PB-RBM) to find the optimal RRH-BBU mapping strategy by leveraging the prediction information of MRPM. In the PB-RBM algorithm, we employ an A3C algorithm to learn the mapping policy and group the RRHs based on a defined popularity metric to reduce the state and action space of the reinforcement learning algorithm. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted on a real-world dataset, and our algorithm is compared with several matching algorithms, such as ACKTR, heuristic, etc., to demonstrate its superiority, especially reducing 17.5% in RMSE compared to the best-performing baseline. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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Demystifying Device-specific Compatibility Issues in Android Apps

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Junfeng Li, Kevin Chen, Yifei Wei, Lili Liu, Yepang Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada

The Android ecosystem is profoundly fragmented due to the frequent updates of the Android system and the prevalent customizations by mobile device manufacturers. Previous research primarily focused on identifying and repairing evolution-induced API compatibility issues, with limited consideration of devicespecific compatibility issues (DSC issues). To fill this gap, we conduct an empirical study of 197 DSC issues collected from 94 open-source repositories on GitHub. We introduce a new perspective for comprehending these issues by categorizing them into two principal groups, Functionality Breaks, and OEM Features, based on their manifestations and root causes. The functionality break issues disrupt standard Android system behaviors, lead to crashes or unexpected behaviors on specific devices, and require developers to implement workarounds to preserve the original functionality. The OEM feature issues involve the introduction of device-specific functionalities or features beyond the basic Android system. The different nature of functionality break issues and OEM feature issues lead to unique challenges in addressing them. For example, our examination of issue fixing practices highlights significant differences in addressing the two categories of DSC issues. Common solutions for functionality break issues involve calling additional APIs, substituting problematic ones, or using specific parameters, while resolving OEM feature issues often relies on Android inter-component communication methods and reflection, with additional unconventional strategies. Such observations highlight the distinctive challenges in addressing DSC issues in Android apps and will facilitate the future development of testing and analysis tools targeting these issues. Our study demonstrates that Functionality break and OEM feature issues have different characteristics, and future research may need to investigate them separately. © 2024, CC BY-SA.

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Statistical Security-QoS Provisioning for mURLLC Over Massive-MIMO Based 6G Mobile Wireless Networks Using FBC

Statistical Security-QoS Provisioning for mURLLC Over Massiv...

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MILCOM, Military Communications Conference

作者： Xi Zhang Qixuan Zhu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350374230

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374247

The 6G mobile wireless networks are expected to support massive ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (mURLLC) with stringent requirements on transmission-delay and error-rate bounded quality-of-service (QoS). Correspondingly, the finite blocklength coding (FBC) has developed as the effective technique to implement small-packet communications for the statistical QoS provisioning over mURLLC-based 6G mobile networks. On the other hand, guaranteeing the security for 6G networks services imposes another new dimension of statistical QoS requirements. However, how to efficiently upper-bound the statistical delay and the error probability over time-varying wireless fading channels while guaranteeing the security QoS using FBC remain a challenging problem. To overcome these difficulties, in this paper we propose and develop the new concept of secrecy ϵ-effective capacity as a statistical security QoS scheme to guarantee the performance of statistical delay-bounded QoS, error-rate bounded QoS, and the secrecy-information leak-probability bounded QoS by using the FBC technique. First, we establish the wireless channel model of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) for supporting the communications between the base station and multiple mobile users with the existence of an eavesdropper. Second, we define and derive the eavesdropping rate and secrecy rate under the massive MIMO communication. Third, we derive the secrecy-information leak probability and integrate it with statistical delay and error-rate bounded QoS to define the new wireless network communications performance metrics of secrecy ϵ-effective capacity. Finally, we use the numerical analyses to validate and evaluate our developed schemes for supporting statistical delay and error-rate bounded QoS provisioning while upper-bounding the secrecy-information leak probability over 6G mobile networks using massive-MIMO/FBC.

关键词： 6G mobile communication Military communication Measurement Numerical analysis Wireless networks Quality of service Delays Security Communication system security Capacity planning

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Programmable photonic time circuits for highly scalable universal unitaries

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Piao, Xianji Yu, Sunkyu Park, Namkyoo Photonic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Intelligent Wave Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Programmable photonic circuits (PPCs) have garnered substantial interest in achieving deep learning accelerations and universal quantum computations. Although photonic computation using PPCs offers critical advantages, including ultrafast operation, energy-efficient matrix calculation and room-temperature quantum states, its poor scalability impedes the integration required for industrial applications. This challenge arises from the temporally one-shot operation using propagating light in conventional PPCs, which leads to the light-speed increase of device footprints. Here we propose a concept of programmable photonic time circuits, which employ time-cycle-based computations analogous to the gate cycling in the von Neumann architecture and quantum computation. As a building block, we develop a reconfigurable SU(2) time gate composed of two resonators, which have tunable resonances and are coupled through time-coded dual-channel gauge fields. We demonstrate universal U(N) operations with high fidelity using the systematic assembly of the SU(2) time gates, achieving improved scalability from O(N2) to O(N) in both the footprint and gate number. This result opens a pathway to industrial-level PPC implementation in very large-scale integration. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Scalability

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Dual Frequency Improvements to the Time-Series Ratio Algorithm for Soil Moisture Retrievals in the SMEX02 Campaign

Dual Frequency Improvements to the Time-Series Ratio Algorit...

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2025 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio science Meeting, USNC-URSI NRSM 2025

作者： Horton, Dustin Johnson, Joel T. Al-Khaldi, Mohammad Park, Jeonghwan Bindlish, Rajat Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ElectroScience Laboratory The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43212 United States NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States Global Science & Technology Inc. GreenbeltMD20770 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781946815200

Surface soil moisture is a key variable in Earth's hydrological cycle that describes the exchange of moisture between land, air, and sea. Soil moisture plays an integral role in balancing the exchange of energy between the atmosphere and land surface (evapotranspiration), ecology, infiltration, and runoff. Soil moisture information also influences applications such as agriculture and food security by supporting of crop yield prediction, drought forecasting, and irrigation, water resource management and flood dynamics, and weather forecasting. © 2025 USNC-URSI.

关键词： Soil moisture

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Active-IRS-Enabled Energy-Efficiency Optimizations for UAV-Based 6G Mobile Wireless Networks 57

Active-IRS-Enabled Energy-Efficiency Optimizations for UAV-B...

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57th Annual Conference on Information sciences and systems, CISS 2023

作者： Wang, Fei Zhang, Xi Southwest University Chongqing Key Laboratory of Non-linear Circuit and Intelligent Information Processing College of Electronic and Information Engineering Chongqing400715 China Texas AandM University Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College StationTX77843 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665451819

We propose the novel scheme to solve a multi-objective optimization problem over an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications system to jointly minimize the energy consumption of the UAV and ground users (GUs). In particular, the UAV communicates with multiple GUs using active intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs), which can actively amplify and thus significantly enhance the strengths of reflected signals. We develop an energy minimization scheme based on the multi-objective hierarchical deep reinforcement learning (DRL), by decomposing the formulated optimization problem into two-layered subproblems. By solving the upper-level subproblem, we derive the optimal UAV trajectory and GUs scheduling strategies to minimize the UAV's energy consumption. By solving the lower-level subproblem, we obtain the IRS's phase shifts and amplification factors and GUs' transmit/receive beamforming to minimize the GUs' energy consumption. Finally, we validate and evaluate the proposed schemes through simulations, which show that the UAV's and GUs' energy consumption can be significantly reduced by using the active IRS, when the thermal noise powers at the IRS are much smaller than those at the UAV and GUs. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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