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Experimental observation of coherent-perfect-absorber and laser points in anti-PT symmetry

Physical Review A 2024年第3期110卷 033504页

作者： Minye Yang Qi Zhong Zhilu Ye Şahin K. Özdemir Mohamed Farhat Ramy El-Ganainy Pai-Yen Chen State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Electronic Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Materials Research Institute Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division Department of Physics Henes Center for Quantum Phenomena

The coexistence of coherent perfect absorber and laser or amplifier (CPAL) point is a peculiar spectral singularity associated with the scattering matrices of non-Hermitian systems. While the potential of CPAL systems for sensing application has been highlighted recently, the extreme sensitivity of parity-time (PT)-symmetric CPAL devices to the input signal deviations has so far impeded their practical utilization. Here we explore a strategy for implementing CPAL circuits by exploiting another type of non-Hermitian symmetry, namely anti-PT (APT) symmetry. We demonstrate that the condition for building CPAL in our proposed APT-symmetric electronic circuits additionally requires parity symmetry, which simplifies the circuit design and implementation. Additionally, we show that this newly proposed structure is 1.85 times more robust compared to previous CPAL devices studied in the literature.

关键词： Noise Quantum sensing Non-Hermitian systems PT-symmetry

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Training Graph Neural Networks on Growing Stochastic Graphs 48

Training Graph Neural Networks on Growing Stochastic Graphs

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48th IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2023

作者： Cerviño, Juan Ruiz, Luana Ribeiro, Alejandro University of Pennsylvania Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering Philadelphia United States Mit Computer Science & Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Cambridge United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163277

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) rely on graph convolutions to exploit meaningful patterns in networked data. Based on matrix multiplications, convolutions incur in high computational costs leading to scalability limitations in practice. To overcome these limitations, proposed methods rely on training GNNs in smaller number of nodes, and then transferring the GNN to larger graphs. Even though these methods are able to bound the difference between the output of the GNN with different number of nodes, they do not provide guarantees against the optimal GNN on the very large graph. In this paper, we propose to learn GNNs on very large graphs by leveraging the limit object of a sequence of growing graphs, the graphon. We propose to grow the size of the graph as we train, and we show that our proposed methodology - learning by transference - converges to a neighborhood of a first order stationary point on the graphon data. A numerical experiment validates our proposed approach. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Graph Neural Networks Graphons

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Composing Synergistic Macro Actions for Reinforcement Learning Agents

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IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning systems 2024年第5期35卷 7251-7258页

作者： Chen, Yu-Ming Chang, Kaun-Yu Liu, Chien Hsiao, Tsu-Ching Hong, Zhang-Wei Lee, Chun-Yi Hsinchu300 Taiwan Avery Design Systems Inc. Taipei100 Taiwan University of Rostock Faculty of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Rostock18051 Germany National Tsing Hua University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu300 Taiwan Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Macro actions have been demonstrated to be beneficial for the learning processes of an agent and have encouraged a variety of techniques to be developed for constructing more effective ones. However, previous techniques usually do not further consider combining macro actions to form a synergistic macro action ensemble, in which synergism exhibits when the constituent macro actions are favorable to be jointly used by an agent during evaluation. Such a synergistic macro action ensemble may potentially allow an agent to perform even better than the individual macro actions within it. Motivated by the recent advances of neural architecture search (NAS), in this brief, we formulate the construction of a synergistic macro action ensemble as a Markov decision process (MDP) and evaluate the constructed macro action ensemble as a whole. Such a problem formulation enables synergism to be taken into account by the proposed evaluation procedure. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework is able to discover the synergistic macro action ensembles. Furthermore, we also highlight the benefits of these macro action ensembles through a set of analytical cases. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Enhancing Early Detection of Lung Cancer through Advanced Image Processing Techniques and Deep Learning Architectures for CT Scans

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 271-307页

作者： Nahed Tawfik Heba M.Emara Walid El-Shafai Naglaa F.Soliman Abeer D.Algarni Fathi EAbd El-Samie Computers and Systems Department Electronics Research InstituteEl NozhaHuckstep Cairo12622Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science DepartmentPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia

Lung cancer remains a major concern in modern oncology due to its high mortality rates and multifaceted origins,including hereditary factors and various clinical *** stands as the deadliest type of cancer and a significant cause of cancer-related deaths *** diagnosis enables healthcare providers to administer appropriate treatment measures promptly and accurately,leading to improved prognosis and higher survival *** significant increase in both the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer,particularly its ranking as the second most prevalent cancer among women worldwide,underscores the need for comprehensive research into efficient screening *** in diagnostic techniques,particularly the use of computed tomography(CT)scans,have revolutionized the identification of lung *** scans are renowned for their ability to provide high-resolution images and are particularly effective in detecting small,calcified areas,crucial for identifying earlystage lung ***,there is growing interest in enhancing computer-aided detection(CAD)*** algorithms assist radiologists by reducing false-positive interpretations and improving the accuracy of early cancer *** study aims to enhance the effectiveness of CAD systems through various ***,the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization(CLAHE)algorithm is employed to preprocess CT scan images,thereby improving their visual *** refinement is achieved by integrating different optimization strategies with the CLAHE *** CutMix data augmentation technique is applied to boost the performance of the proposed model.A comparative analysis is conducted using deep learning architectures such as InceptionV3,ResNet101,Xception,and *** study evaluates the performance of these architectures in image classification tasks,both with and without the implementation of the CLAHE *** empirical findings of the study demonst

关键词： Lung cancer detection CLAHE algorithm optimization deep learning classification feature extraction healthcare applications

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A 2D Geometry Based Grasping Pose Generation Algorithm for a Two-Finger Robot Hand 31

A 2D Geometry Based Grasping Pose Generation Algorithm for a...

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31st International Conference on electrical engineering, ICEE 2023

作者： Akbari, Arash Akbari, Arman Masouleh, Mehdi Tale University of Tehran Department of Computer Science Tehran Iran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Human and Robot Interaction Laboratory Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798350312560

Robot grasping is of paramount importance in industrial and service robotics. In recent years, various data-driven algorithms have been proposed to solve the problem of grasp detection and a part of them are based on reinforcement learning (RL) approaches. In a variety of proposed algorithms, random key points are being employed which will make the learning process inefficient and time-consuming. In this paper, a geometry-based algorithm is presented which can find grasp poses based on the geometry of the unknown object and propose the ones which may lead to successful grasping. For the grasp contacts computation part, the presented algorithm produces a finite number of key points based on the 2D shape of the object from a specific point of view. Afterward, it will narrow down the candidate points and output a finite number of successful grasp poses based on three grasp quality metrics for various unknown objects. Three approaches are proposed in order to achieve center points which can describe different parts of a 2D shape. Then, the obtained points are used as the center of circles which are tangent to the 2D shape contour. Also, a new grasp quality metric is proposed. The time of the grasp and the amount of object disorientation after grasping are considered as a metric to evaluate the successfulness of the grasp. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm for unknown object grasping can find a finite number of successful grasp poses for different seen or unseen objects without using any random point © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Geometry

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Efficient and Lightweight Framework for Confidential Medical Image Search using Edge Computing 2

Efficient and Lightweight Framework for Confidential Medical...

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2nd International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Network systems, CINS 2024

作者： Rajan, Arun Amaithi Vetriselvi, V. Aishwarya, R. Rajan, Anitha Amaithi Security Research Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Guindy Anna University Tamil Nadu Chennai600025 India Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Francis Xavier Engineering College Tamil Nadu Tirunelveli627011 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504106

In healthcare, medical images are playing a major role in accurate diagnosis. Cloud storage for medical images creates security risks and latency due to some critical vulnerabilities and their distance from data sources. By bringing computation closer to the source, edge computing improves efficiency, still edge servers cannot be trusted blindly, requiring robust security measures. In this article, an efficient and lightweight framework for secure medical image search and retrieval that leverages edge computing is proposed. Here, Medical images are encrypted and similarity-preserving hashcodes are generated locally at the source, which are sent to a trusted master edge server. Before being stored, searchable hashcodes undergo homomorphic encryption, allowing for secure computations on encrypted data. The master edge server generates n shares of the encrypted images by applying a Learning With Errors (LWE) based image sharing scheme and distributing them across nearby edge devices. During retrieval, to ensure resilience against device compromise, m out of n shares are used to reconstruct the image. The master edge server retrieves and reconstructs the top k relevant images in response to the query image. This framework enhances security and efficiency by reducing reliance on cloud storage and enabling secure processing on edge servers, making it ideal for modern healthcare environments. The efficiency and security of the proposed framework are proved theoretically and experimentally. Hence, it proved that the framework is performing better than existing state-of-the-art models. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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A New Cybersecurity Approach Enhanced by xAI-Derived Rules to Improve Network Intrusion Detection and SIEM

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 1607-1621页

作者： Federica Uccello Marek Pawlicki Salvatore D'Antonio RafałKozik MichałChoras Centro Direzionale Department of EngineeringUniversity of Naples‘Parthenope’Isola C4Napoli80133Italy Department of Computer and Information Science Software and SystemsLinköping UniversityLinköping58183Sweden ITTI Sp.z o.o. Pozna´n61-612Poland Faculty of Telecommunications Computer Science and Electrical EngineeringBydgoszcz University of Science and TechnologyBydgoszcz85-796Poland

The growing sophistication of cyberthreats,among others the Distributed Denial of Service attacks,has exposed limitations in traditional rule-based Security Information and Event Management *** machine learning–based intrusion detection systems can capture complex network behaviours,their“black-box”nature often limits trust and actionable insight for security *** study introduces a novel approach that integrates Explainable Artificial Intelligence—xAI—with the Random Forest classifier to derive human-interpretable rules,thereby enhancing the detection of Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)*** proposed framework combines traditional static rule formulation with advanced xAI techniques—SHapley Additive exPlanations and Scoped Rules-to extract decision criteria from a fully trained *** methodology was validated on two benchmark datasets,CICIDS2017 and *** rules were evaluated against conventional Security Information and Event Management systems rules with metrics such as precision,recall,accuracy,balanced accuracy,and Matthews Correlation *** results demonstrate that xAI-derived rules consistently outperform traditional static ***,the most refined xAI-generated rule achieved near-perfect performance with significantly improved detection of DDoS traffic while maintaining high accuracy in classifying benign traffic across both datasets.

关键词： Cybersecurity explainable artificial intelligence intrusion detection system rule-based SIEM distributed denial of service

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Decoupling General and Personalized Knowledge in Federated Learning via Additive and Low-rank Decomposition 24

Decoupling General and Personalized Knowledge in Federated L...

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Wu, Xinghao Liu, Xuefeng Niu, Jianwei Wang, Haolin Tang, Shaojie Zhu, Guogang Su, Hao State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China Zhongguancun Laboratory Beijing China Department of Management Science and Systems University at Buffalo BuffaloNY United States School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

To address data heterogeneity, the key strategy of Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) is to decouple general knowledge (shared among clients) and client-specific knowledge, as the latter can have a negative impact on collaboration if not removed. Existing PFL methods primarily adopt a parameter partitioning approach, where the parameters of a model are designated as one of two types: parameters shared with other clients to extract general knowledge and parameters retained locally to learn client-specific knowledge. However, as these two types of parameters are put together like a jigsaw puzzle into a single model during the training process, each parameter may simultaneously absorb both general and client-specific knowledge, thus struggling to separate the two types of knowledge effectively. In this paper, we introduce FedDecomp, a simple but effective PFL paradigm that employs parameter additive decomposition to address this issue. Instead of assigning each parameter of a model as either a shared or personalized one, FedDecomp decomposes each parameter into the sum of two parameters: a shared one and a personalized one, thus achieving a more thorough decoupling of shared and personalized knowledge compared to the parameter partitioning method. In addition, as we find that retaining local knowledge of specific clients requires much lower model capacity compared with general knowledge across all clients, we let the matrix containing personalized parameters be low rank during the training process. Moreover, a new alternating training strategy is proposed to further improve the performance. Experimental results across multiple datasets and varying degrees of data heterogeneity demonstrate that FedDecomp outperforms state-of-the-art methods up to 4.9%. The code is available at https://***/XinghaoWu/FedDecomp © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Federated learning

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Enhancing Wireless Sensor Network Data Collection through Aerial Unmanned Vehicles

Enhancing Wireless Sensor Network Data Collection through Ae...

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2024 International Conference on Decision Aid sciences and Applications, DASA 2024

作者： Ahmed, Amjed Abbas Ali Alheeti, Khattab M. Najim, Ali Hamza Satar, Nurhizam Safie Mohd Aliesawi, Salah A. Hashim, Aisha Hassan Abdallah Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and Technology Bangi Malaysia Department of Computer Techniques Engineering Baghdad Iraq College of Computer and Information Technology Computer Networking Systems Department University of Anbar Anbar Iraq Department of Computer Technical Engineering Al-Diwaniyah Iraq Center for Cyber Security Faculty of Information Science and Technology Bangi43600 Malaysia College of Computer and Information Technology Department of Computer Networking Systems University of Anbar Anbar Iraq Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369106

This study addresses the critical aspect of data collection within Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which consist of autonomous, compact sensor devices deployed to monitor environmental conditions. These networks have limited processing capacity, storage, short-range communication capabilities, and constrained battery power. A primary challenge in WSN s revolves around data gathering, particularly when employing static sinks, leading to premature energy depletion in nodes near these sinks. Integrating mobile collectors introduces the potential for energy conservation by shortening data routes. This article introduces three distinct algorithms for optimizing data collection in WSN s. Our approach involves an in-depth analysis of diverse strategies to mitigate packet collisions and facilitate the retransmission of lost packets. Our findings underscore the considerable impact that packet collisions can exert on the overall network performance during data gathering within wireless sensor networks. Through empirical exploration and analysis, we highlight the significance of these algorithms in enhancing the efficiency, energy conservation, and reliability of data collection processes within WSNs. This research sheds light on these algorithms' vital role in addressing the pressing challenges of data gathering and network performance optimization in wireless sensor networks. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Aircraft accidents

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ISAC-Driven Channel-State-Estimation for Statistical-QoS Based MURLLC Over 6G M-MIMO Mobile Networks Using FBC

ISAC-Driven Channel-State-Estimation for Statistical-QoS Bas...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Zhang, Xi Zhu, Qixuan Texas A&m University Networking and Information Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College StationTX77843 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

The massive ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (mURLLC) services are emerging as a new traffic type to support communications among massive numbers of mobile users (MUs) demanding the stringent delay and error-rate bounded quality-of-services (QoS) requirements in 6G. Correspondingly, the integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) technique can improve various QoS performances through spectrum/hardware sharing between target-sensing and data-communications. In addition, the massive multiple-input multiple-output (massive MIMO) and finite blocklength coding (FBC) have been also widely recognized as the powerful 6G techniques to efficiently support mURLLC. However, how to apply the ISAC technique to accurately sense and estimate the wireless channel state while transmitting the information from the base station to MUs to support mURLLC using massive MIMO and FBC has imposed many new difficulties not encountered before. To conquer these challenges, in this paper we propose the new ISAC performance metrics for statistical-QoS guaranteed mURLLC over 6G massive MIMO mobile networks using FBC. First, we establish system models for ISAC-based architectures. Second, we detect targeted MUs and estimate the channel state using the radar sensing echo. Third, we develop a new ISAC performance metric as a function of the data-communication rate and channel state estimation distortion. Finally, we use the numerical analyses to validate and evaluate our developed ISAC performances in supporting mURLLC-oriented QoS requirements. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Channel estimation

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