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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Jain, Shomik Creel, Kathleen Wilson, Ashia Institute for Data Systems and Society MIT United States Department of Philosophy & Religion Khoury College of Computer Sciences Northeastern University United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT United States

Contrary to traditional deterministic notions of algorithmic fairness, this paper argues that fairly allocating scarce resources using machine learning often requires randomness. We address why, when, and how to randomize by proposing stochastic procedures that more adequately account for all of the claims that individuals have to allocations of social goods or opportunities. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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DISENTANGLING LEARNING REPRESENTATIONS WITH DENSITY ESTIMATION 11

DISENTANGLING LEARNING REPRESENTATIONS WITH DENSITY ESTIMATI...

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11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023

作者： Yeats, Eric Liu, Frank Li, Hai Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University United States Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory United States

Disentangled learning representations have promising utility in many applications, but they currently suffer from serious reliability issues. We present Gaussian Channel Autoencoder (GCAE), a method which achieves reliable disentanglement via flexible density estimation of the latent space. GCAE avoids the curse of dimensionality of density estimation by disentangling subsets of its latent space with the Dual Total Correlation (DTC) metric, thereby representing its high-dimensional latent joint distribution as a collection of many low-dimensional conditional distributions. In our experiments, GCAE achieves highly competitive and reliable disentanglement scores compared with state-of-the-art baselines. © 2023 11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023. All rights reserved.

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Enhancing Student Management Through Hybrid Machine Learning and Rough Set Models: A Framework for Positive Learning Environments

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 80834-80846页

作者： Butt, Ateeq Ur Rehman Ali, Hamid Asif, Muhammad Alfraihi, Hessa Ishak, Mohamad Khairi Ammar, Khalid National Textile University Department of Computer Science Faisalabad37610 Pakistan Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Information Systems P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Ajman University College of Engineering and Information Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ajman United Arab Emirates

Effective student management is crucial for fostering productive learning environments. This study presents a hybrid framework integrating machine learning (ML) techniques with rough set theory to enhance student management by identifying at-risk students and enabling personalized interventions. The model combines classification algorithms with rough set-based decision rules to analyze complex student data, including academic performance, behavior patterns, and levels of engagement. The ML layered approach detects patterns and outliers, supporting data-driven decisions to improve student well-being and educational outcomes. Evaluation on the Open University Learning Analytics Dataset (OULAD) demonstrated high accuracy (97.85%) in predicting student outcomes and precision (94.62%) in identifying students needing support. The hybrid approach outperformed conventional methods by approximately 15%, showcasing its transformative potential. This framework effectively monitors student performance and enables customized interventions to meet individual learning needs, fostering a more supportive educational environment. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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A Single DC-source Asymmetrical Multilevel Inverter With Solid State Transformer With New Switching Approach

A Single DC-source Asymmetrical Multilevel Inverter With Sol...

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2024 International Conference on Recent Innovation in Smart and Sustainable Technology, ICRISST 2024

作者： Karunakaran, E. Suresh, Y. Rao, Bhukya Nageswar Vivek, P.S.S. Aditya, K. National Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Karnataka Surathkal India Kolhapur Institute of Technology College of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Kolhapur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309140

Cascaded H-bridge (CHB) MLI have emerged as the preferred choice due to their high quality in output waveforms with low harmonic distortion. However, a key limitation in these inverters lies in the requirement of a dedicated DC source for each bridge. To overcome this challenge, there is a transition towards asymmetrical cascaded H-bridge (ACHB) MLIs, enabling the use of a variable DC source for each bridge. The variability in DC supply is achieved through a high-frequency link. This paper introduces a novel optimized switching technique for asymmetrical cascaded H-bridge (ACHB) MLIs with a single DC input incorporating a high-frequency link (HFL). The effectiveness of the suggested approach in achieving a 27-level asymmetric multilevel inverter is substantiated by experimental outcomes obtained through MATLAB/Simulink simulations. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： DC transformers

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In-situ fabrication of on-chip 1T'-MoTe_(2)/Ge Schottky junction photodetector for self-powered broadband infrared imaging and position sensing

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5587-5594页

作者： Menglei Zhu Kunxuan Liu Di Wu Yunrui Jiang Xue Li Pei Lin Zhifeng Shi Xinjian Li Ran Ding Yalun Tang Xuechao Yu Longhui Zeng School of Physics and Microelectronics and Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China

High-sensitivity room-temperature multi-dimensional infrared(IR)detection is crucial for military and civilian ***,the gapless electronic structures and unique optoelectrical properties have made the two-dimensional(2D)topological semimetals promising candidates for the realization of multifunctional optoelectronic ***,we demonstrated the in-situ construction of high-performance 1T’-MoTe_(2)/Ge Schottky junction device by inserting an ultrathin AlOx passivation *** good detection performance with an ultra-broadband detection wavelength range of up to 10.6 micron,an ultrafast response time of~160 ns,and a large specific detectivity of over 109 Jones in mid-infrared(MIR)range surpasses that of most 2D materials-based IR sensors,approaching the performance of commercial IR *** on-chip integrated device arrays with 64 functional detectors feature high-resolution imaging capability at room *** these outstanding detection features have enabled the demonstration of position-sensitive detection *** demonstrates an exceptional position sensitivity of 14.9 mV/mm,an outstanding nonlinearity of 6.44%,and commendable trajectory tracking and optoelectronic demodulation *** study not only offers a promising route towards room-temperature MIR optoelectronic applications,but also demonstrates a great potential for application in optical sensing systems.

关键词： MoTe_(2) broadband photodetection Schottky junction imaging position sensitive detector

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A Transfer Learning Based Approach for COVID-19 Detection Using Inception-v4 Model

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 1721-1736页

作者： Ali Alqahtani Shumaila Akram Muhammad Ramzan Fouzia Nawaz Hikmat Ullah Khan Essa Alhashlan Samar MAlqhtani Areeba Waris Zain Ali College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information Technology University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan School of Systems and Technology University of Management and TechnologyLahore54782Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusIslamabad47040Pakistan Department of Medical Imaging King Khaled HospitalNajran61441Saudi Arabia Electrical&Electronics Engineering Department Universiti TeknologiPetronas31750Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering HITEC UniversityTaxila47080Pakistan

Coronavirus(COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2)is a novel viral infection that started in December 2019 and has erupted rapidly in more than 150 *** rapid spread of COVID-19 has caused a global health emergency and resulted in governments imposing lock-downs to stop its *** is a signiﬁ-cant increase in the number of patients infected,resulting in a lack of test resources and kits in most *** overcome this panicked state of affairs,researchers are looking forward to some effective solutions to overcome this situa-tion:one of the most common and effective methods is to examine the X-radiation(X-rays)and computed tomography(CT)images for detection of ***-ever,this method burdens the radiologist to examine each ***,to reduce the burden on the radiologist,an effective,robust and reliable detection system has been developed,which may assist the radiologist and medical specia-list in effective detecting of *** proposed a deep learning approach that uses readily available chest radio-graphs(chest X-rays)to diagnose COVID-19 *** proposed approach applied transfer learning to the Deep Convolutional Neural Network(DCNN)model,Inception-v4,for the automatic detection of COVID-19 infection from chest X-rays *** dataset used in this study contains 1504 chest X-ray images,504 images of COVID-19 infection,and 1000 normal images obtained from publicly available medical *** results showed that the proposed approach detected COVID-19 infection with an overall accuracy of 99.63%.

关键词： COVID-19 transfer learning deep learning artiﬁcial intelligence chest X-rays machine learning

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Interference Suppression and Jitter Elimination Ability-Based Adaption Tracking Guidance for Robotic Fishes

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 126-137页

作者： Dongfang Li Jie Huang Rob Law Xin Xu Limin Zhu Edmond Q.Wu IEEE the School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University the Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education the School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University 5G+Industrial Internet Institute Fuzhou University the University of Macau the College of Mechatronics and Automation National University of Defense Technology the School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University the Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

This work presents an adaptive tracking guidance method for robotic fishes. The scheme enables robots to suppress external interference and eliminate motion jitter. An adaptive integral surge line-of-sight guidance rule is designed to eliminate dynamics interference and sideslip issues. Limited-time yaw and surge speed observers are reported to fit disturbance variables in the model. The approximation values can compensate for the system's control input and improve the robots' tracking ***, this work develops a terminal sliding mode controller and third-order differential processor to determine the rotational torque and reduce the robots' run jitter. Then, Lyapunov's theory proves the uniform ultimate boundedness of the proposed method. Simulation and physical experiments confirm that the technology improves the tracking error convergence speed and stability of robotic fishes.

关键词： Adaptive integral surge line-of-sight approximation robotic fish speed observer

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Detection and Mitigation of Subtle Feature-map Attacks in Pseudo Parallel Collaborative CNN Models for Distributed Edge Intelligence 100

Detection and Mitigation of Subtle Feature-map Attacks in Ps...

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100th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, VTC 2024-Fall

作者： Patel, Parth Hasan, Syed Rafay Rahman, Mohammad Ashiqur Homsi, Soamar Tennessee Tech University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Florida International University Department of Computer Science United States AirForce Research Laboratory Information Warfare Division United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517786

Although Collaborative Deep Neural Network (CDNN) promises to be an alternative mechanism to mitigate the effects of the untrusted cloud, this approach is susceptible to other kinds of adversarial attacks, which arise from one or more untrusted devices in CDNN acting maliciously. However, since each untrusted node in the CDNN contains only partial information of the complete DNN model, it is worth investigating whether the attacker can still muster a viable threat to CDNN or not. This led to the investigation of attack scenarios and their effects on convolutional neural networks (CNN) used for image classification in the CDNN environment. In this research, we are investigating the shortcomings of existing attacks on CDNN, that lead to non-subtle attack to the defender who is on look out against such attacks. Our research showed that sparse nature of feature maps (FMs) due to the ReLU function lead to many existing attacks more obvious to the attacker. Next, we investigated how one can detect the existing attacks if the defender has some previous knowledge of the complete CNN's FMs. Our results show minimal detection overhead of about 2%, with an accuracy of 95% and F1 score of above 0.97. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Out-of-distribution Object Detection through Bayesian Uncertainty Estimation 26

Out-of-distribution Object Detection through Bayesian Uncert...

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26th International Conference on Information Fusion, FUSION 2023

作者： Zhang, Tianhao Wang, Shenglin Bouaynaya, Nidhal Calinescu, Radu Mihaylova, Lyudmila The University of Sheffield Automatic Control and Systems Engineering United Kingdom Rowan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States University of York Department of Computer Science United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798890344854

The superior performance of object detectors is often established under the condition that the test samples are in the same distribution as the training data. However, in many practical applications, out-of-distribution (OOD) instances are inevitable and usually lead to uncertainty in the results. In this paper, we propose a novel, intuitive, and scalable probabilistic object detection method for OOD detection. Unlike other uncertainty-modeling methods that either require huge computational costs to infer the weight distributions or rely on model training through synthetic outlier data, our method is able to distinguish between in-distribution (ID) data and OOD data via weight parameter sampling from proposed Gaussian distributions based on pre-trained networks. We demonstrate that our Bayesian object detector can achieve satisfactory OOD identification performance by reducing the FPR95 score by up to 8.19% and increasing the AUROC score by up to 13.94% when trained on BDD100k and VOC datasets as the ID datasets and evaluated on COCO2017 dataset as the OOD dataset. © 2023 International Society of Information Fusion.

关键词： Object detection

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Topological Photonic Molecule with Time-Varying Modulations

Topological Photonic Molecule with Time-Varying Modulations

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2023 Photonic Networks and Devices, Networks 2023 in Advanced Photonics Congress - Part of Advanced Photonics Congress 2023

作者： Suh, Joseph Kim, Gyunghun Park, Hyungchul Yu, Sunkyu Intelligent Wave Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

We propose dynamic modulations of a photonic molecule to achieve topological properties of light. We investigate the Hall transport in synthetic dimensions and the system modulation strategy to demonstrate the pumping... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171265

关键词： Molecules

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