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Collaborative Computing in Non-Terrestrial Networks: A Multi-Time-Scale Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2024年第5期23卷 4932-4949页

作者： Cao, Yang Lien, Shao-Yu Liang, Ying-Chang Niyato, Dusit Shen, Xuemin Southwest Jiaotong University School of Information Science and Technology Chengdu611756 China Institute of Intelligent Systems National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Tainan City711 Taiwan Chengdu611731 China Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Jurong West639798 Singapore University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

Constructing earth-fixed cells with low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites in non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) has been the most promising paradigm to enable global coverage. The limited computing capabilities on LEO satellites however render tackling resource optimization within a short duration a critical challenge. Although the sufficient computing capabilities of the ground infrastructures can be utilized to assist the LEO satellite, different time-scale control cycles and coupling decisions between the space- and ground-segments still obstruct the joint optimization design for computing agents at different segments. To address the above challenges, in this paper, a multi-time-scale deep reinforcement learning (DRL) scheme is developed for achieving the radio resource optimization in NTNs, in which the LEO satellite and user equipment (UE) collaborate with each other to perform individual decision-making tasks with different control cycles. Specifically, the UE updates its policy toward improving value functions of both the satellite and UE, while the LEO satellite only performs finite-step rollout for decision-makings based on the reference decision trajectory provided by the UE. Most importantly, rigorous analysis to guarantee the performance convergence of the proposed scheme is provided. Comprehensive simulations are conducted to justify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in balancing the transmission performance and computational complexity. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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EduPar 2024 Keynote Speaker

EduPar 2024 Keynote Speaker

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IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing Workshops and Phd Forum (IPDPSW)

作者： Charles E. Leiserson MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

ISBN: (数字)9798350364606

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364613

Aside from pure intellectual interest, why do we teach our students parallel computing? Most people would agree that the primary goal is to produce greater application performance. Yet students frequently parallelize code only to discover that it runs disappointingly slower because they don't understand performance. To exploit parallelism effectively, it must operate synergistically with a host of other techniques, including caching, vectorization, algorithms, bit tricks, loop unrolling, using compiler switches, tailoring code to the architecture, exploiting sparsity, changing data representation, metaprogramming, etc. Software performance engineering, which encompasses these techniques, is the science and art of making code run fast or otherwise limiting its consumption of resources, such as energy, memory footprint, network utilization, response time, etc. In this talk, I will argue that the end of Moore's Law makes software performance engineering a critical skill for our students to learn.

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Scalable Δ -AGC Logic for Enhanced Electromechanical Oscillation Damping in Modern Power systems With Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Generators

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 95288-95306页

作者： Rajan Ratnakumar Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Real-Time Power and Intelligent Systems Laboratory Clemson University Clemson SC USA Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa

Power systems with utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) can significantly influence the operating points (OPs) of synchronous generators, particularly during periods of high solar PV generation. A sudden drop in solar PV output due to cloud cover or other transient conditions will alter the generation of synchronous generators shifting their OPs. These shifted OPs can become a challenge for stability as the system may operate closer to its stability limits. If a disturbance occurs while the system is operating at the shifted OP, with reduced stability margins, it will be more vulnerable to increased oscillations, loss of synchronism of its generator(s) and system instability. This study introduces a scalable $\Delta $ -automatic generation control ( $\Delta $ -AGC) logic method designed to address stability challenges arising from shifts in the OPs of synchronous generators during abrupt drops in PV generation. By temporarily adjusting the OPs of synchronous generators through modification of their participation factors (PFs) in the AGC logic dispatch, the proposed method enhances power system stability. The proposed $\Delta $ -AGC logic method focuses on the optimal determination of $\Delta PFs$ in power systems with large number of generators, using the concept of coherency and employing a hierarchical optimization strategy that includes both inter-coherent and intra-coherent group optimization. Additionally, a new electromechanical oscillation index (EMOI), integrating both time response analysis (TRA) and frequency response analysis (FRA), is utilized as an online situational awareness tool (SAT) for optimizing the system’s stability under various conditions. This online SAT has been implemented in a decentralized manner at the area level, limiting wide-area communication overheads and any cybersecurity concerns. The $\Delta $ -AGC logic method is illustrated on a modified IEEE 68 bus system, incorporating large utility-scale solar PV plants, and is validated t

关键词： Power system stability Generators Logic Synchronous generators Oscillators Damping Automatic generation control Stability criteria Real-time systems Photovoltaic systems

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Pediatric Bone Age Prediction Using Deep Learning 26

Pediatric Bone Age Prediction Using Deep Learning

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26th International Conference on computer and Information Technology, ICCIT 2023

作者： Bin Habib, Al Zadid Sultan Islam, Md. Ekramul Bin Syed, Md Asif Ahamed, Md Younus Tasnim, Tanpia West Virginia University Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering MorgantownWV26506 United States Stamford University Bangladesh Department of Computer Science & Engineering Dhaka1217 Bangladesh West Virginia University Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering MorgantownWV26506 United States Green University of Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1461 Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359015

Pediatric bone age prediction is a crucial task in clinical practice that can help diagnose endocrine disorders and provide insight into a child's growth and development. However, conventional bone age prediction methods are often labor-intensive and require specialized radiological expertise. This paper presents a Deep Learning (DL)-based approach to pediatric bone age prediction using EfficientNet with Additive Attention, a state-of-the-art neural network architecture for image classification and regression tasks. The method utilizes over 12,000 X-ray images from the RSNA bone age dataset. It involves image preprocessing, transforming them into three-channel images, and training a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to automatically learn the features of hand bone images. This approach provides a more effective and accurate solution for predicting bone age, which is critical in diagnosing pediatric endocrine diseases. This work uses two variations of the EfficientNet model (B0 and B4), where EfficientNetB4 is also finetuned with the Additive Attention mechanism. These three models predict the age for the original age, and their comparison is shown in curves. The predicted ages depict that in most cases, EfficientNetB4 and EfficientNetB4 with Additive Attention (EN-AA) successfully predicted the bone ages more accurately regarding the original age, and their performance was better than the EfficientNetB0. Specific performance metrics are provided to underscore this improvement. Learning curves for training and validation loss confirm effective learning without overfitting or underfitting, further validating our approach's efficacy in pediatric endocrine disease diagnosis. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Additive Attention Deep Learning EfficientNet Image Regression Pediatrics RSNA Bone Age

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Reference Model Design in Multiple Timescale Adaptive Control

Reference Model Design in Multiple Timescale Adaptive Contro...

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AIAA science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Eves, Kameron Valasek, John Electrical and Computer Engineering Engineering Department Utah Tech University Saint GeorgeUT84770 United States Vehicle Systems and Control Laboratory Aerospace Engineering Department Texas A and M University College StationTX77843-3141 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

The method [K]control of Adaptive Multiple-timescale systems (KAMS) has been used as a method of adaptive control for systems with states that evolve at vastly different rates and with uncertain parameters. Prior research on KAMS has shown a relationship between the asymptotic behavior of the reference models and the behavior of the full-order closed-loop system. Poor reference model design can cause steady-state error or instability even if that reference model is acceptable in a single timescale context, due to adverse feedback between the reference models and the fast-state manifold. This paper simplifies KAMS control design and provides insight into multiple timescale reference models by identifying design considerations for the fast and slow reference models. For fast reference models, it is shown that the stability proofs used in KAMS control design necessarily require the manifold to be an asymptotically stable equilibrium of the fast reference model, despite prior work that allowed other possibilities. In the case of a slow reference model that is not asymptotically stable to its reference signal, it is common for the inner connection conditions to be dependent on the reference signal. This can cause the interconnection conditions to be ill-formatted for the application of the stability proofs used in KAMS control design. This paper addresses that case and proposes the use of Raffoul’s condition as a method to prove stability in the sense of Lyapunov. A linear quadrotor attitude stabilization problem is used as a framework for the slow reference model analysis. Results presented in the paper show that 1) the asymptotic stability of the fast reference model is a necessary condition for the KAMS stability proofs used in prior work and 2) Raffoul’s condition is a sufficient condition for Lyapunov sense stability even when the inner connection conditions are ill-formatted for the KAMS stability proofs used in prior work. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics

关键词： Model reference adaptive control

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La-substituted W-type barium-nickel ferrites for tunable and high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第3期32卷 645-656页

作者： Long Wang Jiurong Liu Shenghui Xie Yanli Deng Zhou Wang Shanyue Hou Shengying Yue Gang Wang Na Wu Zhihui Zeng Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan 250061China Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education and International Center for Dielectric ResearchSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Army Engineering University of PLA College of Field Engineering Nanjing 210007China Laboratory for Multiscale Mechanics and Medical Science State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical StructuresSchool of AerospaceXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana 61801USA School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100China

W-type barium-nickel ferrite(BaNi_(2)Fe_(16)O_(27))is a highly promising material for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption be-cause of its magnetic loss capability for EMW,low cost,large-scale production potential,high-temperature resistance,and excellent chemical ***,the poor dielectric loss of magnetic ferrites hampers their utilization,hindering enhancement in their EMW-absorption *** efficient strategies that improve the EMW-absorption performance of ferrite is highly desired but re-mains ***,an efficient strategy substituting Ba^(2+)with rare earth La^(3+)in W-type ferrite was proposed for the preparation of novel La-substituted ferrites(Ba_(1-x)LaxNi_(2)Fe_(15.4)O_(27)).The influences of La^(3+)substitution on ferrites’EMW-absorption performance and the dissipative mechanism toward EMW were systematically explored and ***^(3+)efficiently induced lattice defects,enhanced defect-induced polarization,and slightly reduced the ferrites’bandgap,enhancing the dielectric properties of the ***^(3+)also enhanced the ferromagnetic resonance loss and strengthened magnetic *** effects considerably improved the EMW-absorption perform-ance of Ba_(1-x)LaxNi_(2)Fe_(15.4)O_(27)compared with pure W-type *** x=0.2,the best EMW-absorption performance was achieved with a minimum reflection loss of-55.6 dB and effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 3.44 GHz.

关键词： electromagnetic wave absorption W-type barium ferrite rare earth dielectric

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Extrinsic and Temporal Calibration of Automotive Radar and 3-D LiDAR in Factory and On-Road Calibration Settings

IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems

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IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation systems 2023年 4卷 708-719页

作者： Lee, Chia-Le Hou, Chun-Yu Wang, Chieh-Chih Lin, Wen-Chieh Institute of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan Industrial Technology Research Institute Mechanical and Mechatronics Systems Research Laboratories Hsinchu31040 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu300 Taiwan

While automotive radars are widely used in ADAS and autonomous driving, extrinsic and temporal calibration of automotive radars with other sensors is still daunting due to the sparsity, uncertainty, and missing elevation angles of automotive radar measurements. We propose a target-based calibration approach of 3D automotive radar and 3D LiDAR that performs extrinsic and temporal calibration in both factory and on-road settings. In factory calibration settings, a map is built with precise target poses;target trajectories are estimated based on map-based target localization in which the accuracy of both nearby and faraway target pose estimates can be ensured. The spatial and temporal relationships between radar and LiDAR measurements are established with target trajectories to accomplish extrinsic and temporal calibration. The proposed data collection procedure provides sufficient motion for analyzing time delay between sensors and can significantly reduce the data collection effort and time. There is 52.3% distance error reduction after time delay compensation in the experiment, which shows the improvements of temporal calibration. In on-road calibration settings, the metal objects with semantic labels, such as traffic signs, are selected as calibration targets. Although there could be insufficient correspondences to infer the missing dimension of planar radar for six DoF extrinsic calibration as demonstrated in factory calibration settings, the three extrinsic parameters and the time delay are shown still to be accurate. We validated the proposed method using the nuScenes datasets, which provide sensor measurements, poses, and HD map. With twenty-two data logs, each has over 1000 correspondences, the result of extrinsic parameters reaches centimeter-level accuracy compared with the offered benchmark. The time delay compensation improves 1 meter error for radar tracking in a 20 m/s vehicle case and improves mapping quality in real world data. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Calibration

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Federated Learning Incorporating Non-Orthogonal Transmission and Unstructured Model Pruning

Federated Learning Incorporating Non-Orthogonal Transmission...

引用

2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Gao, Siyu Zhao, Ming Zhou, Shengli University of Science and Technology of China Cas Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications Hefei China University of Connecticut Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Storrs United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

In federated learning (FL), the servers are generally seen as omnipotent to distribute the full models to all clients. This is not the case in wireless systems. The broadcast of models inevitably excludes some users with poor channel gain but valuable computation power and diverse local data. In this paper, taking the various computation and communication capabilities of users into account, we propose a federated learning scheme incorporating unstructured model pruning and non-orthogonal transmission. The pruning process divides the model into the core and the extended parts, with the ratio adaptive to the users' achievable working rates. With non-orthogonal transmission, the strong users get both parts of the model while the weak get only the core part. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme involves more users than traditional wireless FL and improves the accuracy of tasks within the given communication rounds. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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SP-DSTS-MIMO Scheme-Aided H.266 for Reliable High Data Rate Mobile Video Communication

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 995-1010页

作者： Khadem Ullah Nasru Minallah Durre Nayab Ishtiaque Ahmed Jaroslav Frnda Jan Nedoma Department of Computer Systems Engineering University of Engineering and Technology PeshawarPeshawar25000Pakistan National Centre in Big Data and Cloud Computing University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar(NCBC-UETP)Peshawar25000Pakistan Department of Quantitative Methods and Economic Informatics Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and CommunicationsUniversity of Zilina01026ZilinaSlovakia Department of Telecommunications Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceVSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava-PorubaCzech Republic

With the ever growth of Internet users,video applications,and massive data traffic across the network,there is a higher need for reliable bandwidth-efficient multimedia *** Video Coding(VVC/H.266)is finalized in September 2020 providing significantly greater compression efficiency compared to Highest Efficient Video Coding(HEVC)while providing versatile effective use for Ultra-High Definition(HD)*** article analyzes the quality performance of convolutional codes,turbo codes and self-concatenated convolutional(SCC)codes based on performance metrics for reliable future video *** advent of turbo codes was a significant achievement ever in the era of wireless communication approaching nearly the Shannon *** codes are operated by the deployment of an interleaver between two Recursive Systematic Convolutional(RSC)encoders in a parallel *** RSC encoders may be operating on the same or different architectures and code *** proposed work utilizes the latest source compression standards H.266 and H.265 encoded standards and Sphere Packing modulation aided differential Space Time Spreading(SP-DSTS)for video transmission in order to provide bandwidth-efficient wireless video ***,simulation results show that turbo codes defeat convolutional codes with an averaged E_(b)/N_(0) gain of 1.5 dB while convolutional codes outperformcompared to SCC codes with an E_(b)/N_(0) gain of 3.5 dBatBit ErrorRate(BER)of 10−*** Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR)results of convolutional codes with the latest source coding standard of H.266 is plotted against convolutional codes with H.265 and it was concluded H.266 outperform with about 6 dB PSNR gain at E_(b)/N_(0) value of 4.5 dB.

关键词： H.265 RSC turbo codes SCC SP-DSTS BP-CNN BER PSNR

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The Emergence of Artificial Intelligence in Education and its Impact on Individual Literacy in Higher Education 7

The Emergence of Artificial Intelligence in Education and it...

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7th IEEE International Conference and Workshop Obuda on electrical and Power engineering, CANDO-EPE 2024

作者： Farkas, Imre Kovari, Attila Rajcsanyi-Molnar, Monika Institute of Computer Engineering University of Dunaujvaros Department of Computer Systems and Control Technology Dunaujvaros Hungary Eszterházy Károly Catholic University Institute of Digital Technology Faculty of Computer Science Eger Hungary Institute of Electronics and Communication Systems Kandó Kalmán Faculty of Electrical Engineering Obuda University Budapest Hungary John Von Neumann University GAMF Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Kecskemét Hungary Institute of Social Sciences University of Dunaujvaros Department of Economics and Management Dunaujvaros Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531119

In the last three years, a new partner has emerged for teachers and educators in the field of education. The mushrooming of applications based on large language models has greatly shaped the educational development fields of the present era. The use of various AI applications has become commonplace among students and teachers alike. Many questions are being raised by researchers in this field. What does the rapid development of AI applications bring to the field of pedagogy? Should the products of such applications be compared with human performance? The form presented in this thesis seeks to answer similar questions. What is the impact of frequent use of these applications on the literacy level of individuals? In which areas do students tend to use these applications? The results indicate that half of the students believe their literacy levels will decrease with the mass emergence of AI applications, while 36% feel it will not change. However, 88 % of students have already dealt with AI-based applications, with 64 % using them several times or more, suggesting a high level of integration into their educational processes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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