This study examines the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors on economic investment from a statistical perspective, aiming to develop a tested investment strategy that capitalizes on the conne...
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Light clients implement a simple solution for Bitcoin’s scalability problem, as they do not store the entire blockchain but only the state of particular addresses of interest. To be able to keep track of the updated ...
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The agricultural sector contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, which cause global warming and climate change. Numerous mathematical models have been developed to predict the greenhouse gas emissions fr...
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Audio Deepfakes, which are highly realistic fake audio recordings driven by AI tools that clone human voices, With Advancements in Text-Based Speech Generation (TTS) and Vocal Conversion (VC) technologies have enabled...
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Audio Deepfakes, which are highly realistic fake audio recordings driven by AI tools that clone human voices, With Advancements in Text-Based Speech Generation (TTS) and Vocal Conversion (VC) technologies have enabled it easier to create realistic synthetic and imitative speech, making audio Deepfakes a common and potentially dangerous form of deception. Well-known people, like politicians and celebrities, are often targeted. They get tricked into saying controversial things in fake recordings, causing trouble on social media. Even kids’ voices are cloned to scam parents into ransom payments, etc. Therefore, developing effective algorithms to distinguish Deepfake audio from real audio is critical to preventing such frauds. Various Machine learning (ML) and Deep learning (DL) techniques have been created to identify audio Deepfakes. However, most of these solutions are trained on datasets in English, Portuguese, French, and Spanish, expressing concerns regarding their correctness for other languages. The main goal of the research presented in this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of deep learning neural networks in detecting audio Deepfakes in the Urdu language. Since there’s no suitable dataset of Urdu audio available for this purpose, we created our own dataset (URFV) utilizing both genuine and fake audio recordings. The Urdu Original/real audio recordings were gathered from random youtube podcasts and generated as Deepfake audios using the RVC model. Our dataset has three versions with clips of 5, 10, and 15 seconds. We have built various deep learning neural networks like (RNN+LSTM, CNN+attention, TCN, CNN+RNN) to detect Deepfake audio made through imitation or synthetic techniques. The proposed approach extracts Mel-Frequency-Cepstral-Coefficients (MFCC) features from the audios in the dataset. When tested and evaluated, Our models’ accuracy across datasets was noteworthy. 97.78% (5s), 98.89% (10s), and 98.33% (15s) were remarkable results for the RNN+LSTM
The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm has led to an interest in applying it not only in tasks for the general public but also to stringent domains such as healthcare. However, the developers of these next-...
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Additive manufacturing is a powerful approach forintegrating flexible and stretchable conductors into complex3-D structures, but many current printing technologies, suchas direct ink writing (DIW), are expensive and c...
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This paper investigates the fundamental trade-offs between block safety, confirmation latency, and transaction throughput of proof-of-work (PoW) longest-chain fork-choice protocols, also known as PoW Nakamoto consensu...
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In this study, we integrate the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) model with the Cycle Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN) to create a system for Chinese text style transfer. Natural...
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The phenomenon of atmospheric haze arises due to the scattering of light by minute particles suspended in the atmosphere. This optical effect gives rise to visual degradation in images and videos. The degradation is p...
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The phenomenon of atmospheric haze arises due to the scattering of light by minute particles suspended in the atmosphere. This optical effect gives rise to visual degradation in images and videos. The degradation is primarily influenced by two key factors: atmospheric attenuation and scattered light. Scattered light causes an image to be veiled in a whitish veil, while attenuation diminishes the image inherent contrast. Efforts to enhance image and video quality necessitate the development of dehazing techniques capable of mitigating the adverse impact of haze. This scholarly endeavor presents a comprehensive survey of recent advancements in the domain of dehazing techniques, encompassing both conventional methodologies and those founded on machine learning principles. Traditional dehazing techniques leverage a haze model to deduce a dehazed rendition of an image or frame. In contrast, learning-based techniques employ sophisticated mechanisms such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and different deep Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) to create models that can discern dehazed representations by learning intricate parameters like transmission maps, atmospheric light conditions, or their combined effects. Furthermore, some learning-based approaches facilitate the direct generation of dehazed outputs from hazy inputs by assimilating the non-linear mapping between the two. This review study delves into a comprehensive examination of datasets utilized within learning-based dehazing methodologies, elucidating their characteristics and relevance. Furthermore, a systematic exposition of the merits and demerits inherent in distinct dehazing techniques is presented. The discourse culminates in the synthesis of the primary quandaries and challenges confronted by prevailing dehazing techniques. The assessment of dehazed image and frame quality is facilitated through the application of rigorous evaluation metrics, a discussion of which is incorporated. To provide empiri
Plant disease causes a highly significant impact on production due to its destructive characteristics. A variety of chemical techniques should be applied to agriculture at different stages of disease infestation to en...
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