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arXiv 2024年

作者： Katsman, Isay Lou, Ethan Gilbert, Anna Department of Applied Mathematics Yale University United States Cherry Creek High School United States Department of Applied Mathematics Department of Statistics & Data Science Department of Electrical Engineering Yale University United States

Graph machine learning has enjoyed a meteoric rise in popularity since the introduction of deep learning in graph contexts. This is no surprise due to the ubiquity of graph data in large scale industrial settings. Tacitly assumed in all graph learning tasks is the separation of the graph structure and node features: node features strictly encode individual data while the graph structure consists only of pairwise interactions. The driving belief is that node features are (by themselves) insufficient for these tasks, so benchmark performance accurately reflects improvements in graph learning. In our paper, we challenge this orthodoxy by showing that, surprisingly, node features are oftentimes more-than-sufficient for many common graph benchmarks, breaking this critical assumption. When comparing against a well-tuned feature-only MLP baseline on seven of the most commonly used graph learning datasets, one gains little benefit from using graph structure on five datasets. We posit that these datasets do not benefit considerably from graph learning because the features themselves already contain enough graph information to obviate or substantially reduce the need for the graph. To illustrate this point, we perform a feature study on these datasets and show how the features are responsible for closing the gap between MLP and graph-method performance. Further, in service of introducing better empirical measures of progress for graph neural networks, we present a challenging parametric family of principled synthetic datasets that necessitate graph information for nontrivial performance. Lastly, we section out a subset of real-world datasets that are not trivially solved by an MLP and hence serve as reasonable benchmarks for graph neural networks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Predicting the friction angle of clays using a multi-layer perceptron neural network enhanced by yeo-johnson transformation and coral reefs optimization

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第10期16卷 3982-4003页

作者： Libing Yang Trung Nguyen-Thoi Trung-Tin Tran College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Hunan Institute of Science and TechnologyYueyang414006China Laboratory for Applied and Industrial Mathematics Institute for Computational Science and Artificial IntelligenceVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam Faculty of Mechanical-Electrical and Computer Engineering School of TechnologyVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam Department of Information Technology Greenwich VietnamFPT UniversityDa Nang550000Viet Nam

The accurate prediction of the friction angle of clays is crucial for assessing slope stability in engineering *** study addresses the importance of estimating the friction angle and presents the development of four soft computing models:YJ-FPA-MLPnet,YJ-CRO-MLPnet,YJ-ACOC-MLPnet,and *** of all,the Yeo-Johnson(YJ)transformation technique was used to stabilize the variance of data and make it more suitable for parametric statistical models that assume normality and equal *** technique is expected to improve the accuracy of friction angle prediction *** friction angle prediction models then utilized multi-layer perceptron neural networks(MLPnet)and metaheuristic optimization algorithms to further enhance performance,including flower pollination algorithm(FPA),coral reefs optimization(CRO),ant colony optimization continuous(ACOC),and cuckoo search algorithm(CSA).The prediction models without the YJ technique,***-MLPnet,CRO-MLPnet,ACOC-MLPnet,and CSA-MLPnet,were then compared to those with the YJ technique,***-FPA-MLPnet,YJ-CRO-MLPnet,YJ-ACOC-MLPnet,and *** these,the YJ-CRO-MLPnet model demonstrated superior reliability,achieving an accuracy of up to 83%in predicting the friction angle of clay in practical engineering *** improvement is significant,as it represents an increase from 1.3%to approximately 20%compared to the models that did not utilize the YJ transformation technique.

关键词： Natural hazards Slope stability Friction angle Clay Soft computing models Geotechnical engineering

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Neural network developed for obstacle avoidance of the four wheeled electric vehicle 30

Neural network developed for obstacle avoidance of the four ...

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30th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, ICECS 2023

作者： Sciuto, Grazia Lo Kowol, Pawel Nowak, Pawel Banaś, Waclaw Coco, Salvo Capizzi, Giacomo Silesian University of Technology Department of Mechatronics Gliwice Poland University of Catania Department of Electrical Electronics and Informatics Engineering Catania Italy Silesian University of Technology Department of Automatic Control and Robotic Gliwice Poland Silesian University of Technology Faculty of Applied Mathematics Department of Mathematics Applications and Methods for Artificial Intelligence Gliwice Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350326499

Several solutions have been proposed for vehicle navigation in unknown environments to ensure safer driving by avoiding obstacles and collisions. In this work, an electric vehicle equipped with Mecanum 4 omnidirectional holonomic wheels, analog joystick to control driving movement, LiDAR sensors and Wi-Fi able to detect obstacles is investigated based on neural network approach. By experimental tests conducted to avoid collisions by detecting the presence of obstacles, the relation between the resistance distance and speed is described by the artificial neural network. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Vehicle safety

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Decentralized Multi-Armed Bandit Can Outperform Classic Upper Confidence Bound: A Homogeneous Case over Strongly Connected Graphs

Decentralized Multi-Armed Bandit Can Outperform Classic Uppe...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Jingxuan Zhu Ji Liu Zhejiang Lab Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Stony Brook University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Stony Brook University

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

This paper studies a homogeneous decentralized multi-armed bandit problem, in which a network of multiple agents faces the same set of arms, and each agent aims to minimize its own regret. A fully decentralized upper confidence bound (UCB) algorithm is proposed for a multi-agent network whose neighbor relations are described by a directed graph. It is shown that the decentralized algorithm guarantees each agent to achieve a lower logarithmic asymptotic regret compared to the classic UCB algorithm, provided the neighbor graph is strongly connected. The improved asymptotic regret upper bound is reciprocally related to the maximal size of a local neighborhood within the network. The roles of graph connectivity, maximum local degree, and network size are analytically elucidated in the expression of regret.

关键词： Upper bound Directed graphs Multi-armed bandit problem Faces

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Overcoming Thermal Effects with Kerr Soliton Combs in Compact Photonic Structures

Overcoming Thermal Effects with Kerr Soliton Combs in Compac...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Garrett Beals Yun Zhao Karl McNulty Sai Kanth Dacha Michal Lipson Alexander L. Gaeta Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY USA Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New York NY USA

We demonstrate strong thermal effects in the soliton state in a 16-GHz free-spectral range compact spiral microresonator by measuring a thermal-induced bistability and show ultralow-noise operation can be achieved via... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Spirals Solitons Electro-optic effects Microcavities Photonics

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Thermometric Control of the Resonance Frequency of a High-Q Si3N4 Microresonator

Thermometric Control of the Resonance Frequency of a High-Q ...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Sai Kanth Dacha Yun Zhao Karl J. McNulty Michal Lipson Alexander L. Gaeta Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY USA Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New York NY USA

We demonstrate a new method to stabilize the absolute resonance frequency of a high-Q Si ${}_{3}\mathrm{N}_{4}$ microcavity against long term drift using an on-chip temperature sensing and control scheme.

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Temperature sensors Resonant frequency Thermistors White noise Resonance Microcavities Temperature control System-on-chip Sensors Frequency control

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Photonic-Chip-Based Ultralow-Noise Microwave Generation

Photonic-Chip-Based Ultralow-Noise Microwave Generation

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Yun Zhao Jae K. Jang Garrett Beals Karl J. McNulty Yoshitomo Okawachi Michal Lipson Alexander L. Gaeta Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY USA Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New York NY USA

We demonstrate the generation of a 16-GHz microwave signal via optical frequency division of an optical-parametric oscillator by Kerr-soliton comb, which is optically synchronized. The resulting noise levels represent... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Phase noise Laser noise Masers Frequency conversion Microwave oscillators Microwave generation Optical noise Synchronization Microwave photonics Noise level

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One-Way Quantum Repeater with Rare-Earth-Ions Doped in Solids

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lei, Yisheng Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Applied Physics Program Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States

Quantum repeaters are proposed to overcome exponential photon loss over distance in fibers. One-way quantum repeaters eliminate the need for two-way classical communications, which can potentially outperform quantum memory based quantum repeaters. I propose that rare-earth-ions doped in solids and coupled with nano-cavity can be used to generate photonic cluster state efficiently, which serve as good platforms for one-way quantum repeater nodes. In addition, I propose a multiplexed scheme of photonic tree cluster state generation with multiple quantum emitters. With less than 100 quantum emitters, secret key rates can reach the order of MHz over a few thousand kilometers. This proposal is especially useful for generating large scale photonic cluster state, which is essential for correcting operational errors during processing in quantum repeater nodes. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Metal ions

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Continuous Tuning from Bright to Dark States in Coupled Photonic Resonators

Continuous Tuning from Bright to Dark States in Coupled Phot...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Graydon J. K. Flatt Karl J. McNulty Oliver L. Wang Michal Lipson Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY USA Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New York NY USA

We show continuous tuning into an all-optical dark state by modifying coherent interference between coupled photonic resonators. The quality factor is tuned from 50,000 in the bright state to 1.4 million in the dark s... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Q-factor Dark states Interference Laser tuning Resonators Electro-optical waveguides Photonics

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Near-Unity-Efficiency Frequency Conversion on a Silicon-Nitride Chip

Near-Unity-Efficiency Frequency Conversion on a Silicon-Nitr...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Yun Zhao Karl J. McNulty Michal Lipson Alexander L. Gaeta Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY USA Department of Electrical Engineering Columbia University New York NY USA

We demonstrate on-chip frequency conversion with Bragg scattering four-wave mixing that reaches an on-chip efficiency of 95%.

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

We demonstrate on-chip frequency conversion with Bragg scattering four-wave mixing that reaches an on-chip efficiency of 95%.

关键词： Four-wave mixing Scattering Lasers and electrooptics Frequency conversion System-on-chip Electro-optical waveguides

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