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Alkali niobium borogermanosilicate optical fiber derived via the molten core method [Invited]

Optical materials Express 2025年第6期15卷 1307-1317页

作者： Topper, Brian Baldus, Brandi Chapman, Kristin Walton, Matthew Dong, Liang Hawkins, Thomas W. Ballato, John Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies Clemson University ClemsonSC29634 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University ClemsonSC29634 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University ClemsonSC29634 United States

Herein, multicomponent glass optical fibers are produced using the molten core fiber fabrication method. A pre-melted glass of 30 K2O-20 Nb2O5-50 GeO2 is used as a starting core material along with a low-alkali borosilicate (Duran) glass cladding. Some of the cladding dissolves into the core during the draw, and the final composition of the fiber core is a complex alkali borogermanosilicate with a little over 10 mol% Nb2O5. Although the germanium and niobium stay well confined within the core, potassium ions are observed to diffuse 10-15 µm beyond the core into the borosilicate cladding. The fibers have a large numerical aperture greater than 0.6. Yb-doped versions were fabricated to gauge feasibility of this platform for fiber gain media. Forward amplified spontaneous emission was observed with no signal;then, a 0.49 dB/cm signal amplification at 1026 nm was achieved. A parasitic background absorption coefficient value of 0.7 dB/cm at 1080 nm was measured. The phonon energy of the base niobium germanate and a simulated fiber core glass was measured using Eu3+ doped bulk glasses. The silicon and boron intrusion into the core does create high energy phonons around the rare-earth ions, but the niobium and/or germanium do appear to maintain strong influence over the excitation and the emission spectra in the Duran-diluted core glass composition. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Atomic emission spectroscopy

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TrueAdaptTM- AI Based Maskless Patterning to Compensate for Die-Shift in Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging

TrueAdaptTM- AI Based Maskless Patterning to Compensate for ...

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Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC)

作者： Golam Sabbir Krutikesh Sahoo Henry Sun Subramanian Iver Guangqi Ouyang Yilin Wu Department of Materials Science and Engineering UCLA Department of Electrical and Computing Engineering UCLA Department of Computer Science UCLA

TrueAdapt™ offers an attractive solution to fan-out-wafer-level-packaging (FOWLP) and fan-out-panel-level-packaging, which offers significant cost savings as compared to similar bridge connection technology or interposers. Due to die-placement error and shift during molding, die assemblies on FOWLP can have significant die-shift. Design rules must ensure the accommodation of die-shift and as a result fine-pitch patterning is limited. TrueAdapt™ aims to solve that by utilizing in-line characterization of the die shift, generation of a new layout using the measured offsets, and patterning with direct-write lithography for high throughput wafer-level and panel-level fabrication at fine-pitches. In this work we present the fabrication of an assembly of dies interconnected in a daisy chain network with 10 µm pitch wiring on the FlexTrate™, a bio-compatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based FOWLP architecture. We measure die shift using optical metrology techniques to generate a stitched image of the assembly. The image is then processed using artificial intelligence (AI) computer vision to identify critical features on the dies (which are used to generate die-offsets for each die). Furthermore, we generate a layout based on measured die-shift that adaptively routes the wiring in between dies. Via and metal layers are subsequently patterned using direct-write lithography using a 405 nm lase. Direct-write lithography enables fine-pitch patterning at the wafer/panel level without the need for mask fabrication, promising significant cost savings. We further demonstrate a novel exposure technique based on focal extension that can be utilized to pattern over 100 µm of topography, making this a truly adaptive patterning process.

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Experimental demonstration of a flexible-grid 1×(2×3)mode-and wavelength-selective switch using silicon microring resonators and counter-tapered couplers

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第1期22卷 52-58页

作者：孔德军鲁昊汪鹏君符强戴世勋陈伟伟王栎沣张波豪马凌霄李军戴庭舸杨建义 Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Wenzhou UniversityWenzhou 325035China College of Science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315300China Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices The Research Institute of Advanced TechnologiesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Department of Information Science and Electronics Engineering and Cyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and Applications Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

A flexible-grid 1×(2×3)mode-and wavelength-selective switch which comprises counter-tapered couplers and silicon microring resonators has been proposed,optimized,and demonstrated experimentally in this *** carefully thermally tuning phase shifters and silicon microring resonators,mode and wavelength signals can be independently and flexibly conveyed to any one of the output ports,and different bandwidths can be generated as *** particle swarm optimization algorithm and finite difference time-domain method are employed to optimize structural parameters of the twomode(de)multiplexer and crossing *** bandwidth-tunable wavelength-selective optical router composed of12 microring resonators is studied by taking advantage of the transfer matrix *** results show that,for the fabricated module,cross talk less than-10.18 dB,an extinction ratio larger than 17.41 d B,an in-band ripple lower than0.79 dB,and a 3-dB bandwidth changing from 0.38 to 1.05 nm are obtained,as the wavelength-channel spacing is 0.40 *** corresponding response time is measured to be 13.64μs.

关键词： integrated optics optical waveguide mode-and wavelength-selective switch

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Green Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Powder from Eggshell Biowaste for Enhanced Mechanical and Corrosion Properties in AZ91 Alloy Composites: A Powder Metallurgy Investigation

Green Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Powder from Eggshell Biowa...

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2023 IEEE Conference on engineering Informatics, EI 2023

作者： Mahmudul, Hasan Md Manik, Hossain Md Moniruzzaman, Jamal Niamul, Quader Md Kazi Md, Shorowordi South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rapid CitySD United States Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Department of Materials & Metallurgical Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Rapid CitySD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350338522

This study presents the development of hydroxyapatite (HAp) powder synthesized from eggshell bio- waste, with a subsequent investigation into its reinforcement in AZ91 alloy using powder metallurgy. Mechanical and corrosion properties of the resulting metal matrix composites (MMCs) were evaluated. The MMCs containing 18% HAp demonstrated twice the hardness of those with 0% HAp. Moreover, the MMCs with 0% HAp displayed four times greater weight gain and three times greater weight loss in simulated marine water compared to the 18% HAp MMCs. In conclusion, HAp-reinforced AZ91 alloy composites exhibit adjustable mechanical and corrosion properties. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Corrosion resistance

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Understanding Correlation Between Memory Window Closure, Leakage and Read Delay Effects for FEFET Reliability Improvement: Role of IL and FE Traps

Understanding Correlation Between Memory Window Closure, Lea...

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2025 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium, IRPS 2025

作者： Ravikumar, Priyankka Padovani, Andrea Venkatesan, Prasanna Park, Chinsung Afroze, Nashrah Tian, Mengkun Datta, Suman Yu, Shimeng Larcher, Luca Thareja, Gaurav Khan, Asif Unimore Engineering Department 'Enzo Ferrari' Italy Institute of Materials GA United States Georgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering GA United States Georgia Institute of Technology School of Material Science and Engineering GA United States Applied Materials United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504779

Memory window (MW) closure, read delay, and gate leakage are three key reliability challenges in ferroelectric (FE) field-effect transistors (FEFETs), all of which have traditionally been analyzed separately. In this work, we exploit dedicated experiments and device simulations to present a detailed study of these three mechanisms in Si-FEFETs with a 10nm layer of FE HZO. The results reveal critical insights into the interplay between trap generation and polarization switching (PS), and the correlation between MW closure, read delay, and leakage current. First, we show that trap generation is accelerated by PS and initially (up to 5 × 104 cycles) occurs mainly in the interfacial layer (IL). These PS induced traps are slow traps and are found to be responsible for both reduction in MW recovery with read delay and MW closure, demonstrating a strong correlation between the two mechanisms. Finally, we show that leakage current increase is controlled by the generation of HZO traps, which is triggered by internal field redistribution once IL is highly degraded (after MW closure). The engineering of FEFETs to minimize the formation of slow (de)trapping defects in the IL is essential to improve overall reliability of the FEFET device. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Leakage currents

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Exploring 3D Reconstruction with Drone Images: Advances and Challenges in Urban Environments 50

Exploring 3D Reconstruction with Drone Images: Advances and ...

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50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2024

作者： Miranda Baldivieso, Thiago João da Silva Batista, Taise Grazielle Chagas, Fabio Suim Rodrigues Velho, Luiz Carlos Pacheco Ferreira Rosa, Paulo Fernando Defense Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil State Institute of the Environment Inea RJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Science and Industry systems University of South-Eastern Norway Kongsberg Norway Department of Computer Graphics Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics Rio de Janeiro Brazil Electrical Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464543

This working-in-progress paper aims to present a three-dimensional reconstruction using aerial images in different environments. The experiments were conducted with aircraft in both external and internal settings, starting with image acquisition, followed by the application of specific photogrammetry software-both commercial and open-source-and concluding with a qualitative evaluation of the results. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Aerial photography

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Physics-informed Machine Learning for Accelerated Testing of Roll-To-roll Printed Sensors 17

Physics-informed Machine Learning for Accelerated Testing of...

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ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing science and engineering Conference, MSEC 2022

作者： Chandra Mouli, S. Sedaghat, Sotoudeh Oduncu, Muhammed Ramazan Saha, Ajanta Rahimi, Rahim Alam, Muhammad A. Wei, Alexander Shakouri, Ali Ribeiro, Bruno Department of Computer Science Purdue University United States School of Materials Engineering Purdue University United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791885819

Roll-To-roll printing has significantly shortened the time from design to production of sensors and IoT devices, while being cost-effective for mass production. But due to less manufacturing tolerance controls available, properties such as sensor thickness, composition, roughness, etc., cannot be precisely controlled. Since these properties likely affect the sensor behavior, roll-To-roll printed sensors require validation testing before they can be deployed in the field. In this work, we improve the testing of Nitrate sensors that need to be calibrated in a solution of known Nitrate concentration for around 1-2 days. To accelerate this process, we observe the initial behavior of the sensors for a few hours, and use a physics-informed machine learning method to predict their measurements 24 hours in the future, thus saving valuable time and testing resources. Due to the variability in roll-To-roll printing, this prediction task requires models that are robust to changes in properties of the new test sensors. We show that existing methods fail at this task and describe a physics-informed machine learning method that improves the prediction robustness to different testing conditions ( 1:7 lower in real-world data and 5 lower in synthetic data when compared with the current state-ofthe-art physics-informed machine learning method). © Proceedings of ASME 2022 17th International Manufacturing science and engineering Conference, MSEC 2022.

关键词： Machine learning

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IoT-based tire pressure monitoring system for air and temperature pressure using MPX5500D and LM35 sensor 8

IoT-based tire pressure monitoring system for air and temper...

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8th IEEE International Conference on Computing, engineering and Design, ICCED 2022

作者： Pangestu, Agung Sodikin, Iing Yusro, Muhammad Sapundani, Rum Al Hakim, Rosyid Ridlo Wilyanti, Sinka Jakarta Global University Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Electrical Engineering Department Depok Indonesia State University of Jakarta Faculty of Engineering Department of Electronic Engineering Jakarta Indonesia University of Muhammadiyah Purwokerto Electromedical Engineering Technology Faculty of Health Science Purwokerto Indonesia Jakarta Global University Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Depok Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665453899

Research has been carried out to monitor vehicle tires before they are used and can reduce damage, including overcoming vehicle fuel waste because air pressure is continuously monitored. This research aims to utilize the MPX5500DP sensor as an air pressure device, the LM35 sensor as a temperature reader, and a buzzer based on IoT to build a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS). The MPX5500DP and LM35 sensor inputs to the Arduino Uno microcontroller are distributed by the NodeMCU, fitted with a Wi-Fi module. The Blynk application sends and displays the data on a smartphone using the IoT-based. Based on this research, data on the percentage of errors in monitoring air pressure and tire temperature on vehicles were obtained by comparing the data to the pressure gauge and thermometer: 1-the results of the average reading of the sensor error value. MPX5500DP air pressure against pressure gauge is 5.3%. 2-the average reading of the LM35 sensor error value on the temperature thermometer is 6.8%. With this research, the air pressure and temperature in the tires can be monitored in real-Time via a smartphone using the IoT-based. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Thermometers

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FePd Single Layer and Synthetic Antiferromagnet with Low Damping and Crystalline Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy on Amorphous Si/SiO2 Wafers

FePd Single Layer and Synthetic Antiferromagnet with Low Dam...

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2023 IEEE International Magnetic Conference - Short Papers, INTERMAG Short Papers 2023

作者： Lyu, Deyuan Shoup, Jenae E. Huang, Dingbin Wang, Xiaojia Gopman, Daniel B. Wang, Jian-Ping University of Minnesota Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MinneapolisMN55455 United States National Institute of Standards and Technology Materials Science and Engineering Division GaithersburgMD20899 United States University of Minnesota Department of Mechanical Engineering MinneapolisMN55455 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350338362

(001)-textured L10-phase FePd possesses strong crystalline perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and low Gilbert damping constant and thus, is considered a promising material choice for scalable spintronic devices. To date, however, well-textured L10-FePd(001) thin films can only be prepared on a few expensive substrates, which directly impedes their industry compatibility and application prospect. In this digest, we report the deposition of L10-FePd(001) single layer and synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF) on industry-ready Si/SiO2 wafers with large PMA, low damping, and strong antiferromagnetic interlayer exchange coupling. The microstructures of L10-FePd(001) single layer and SAF were imaged using scanning transmission electron microscopy. We observed sharp and flat interfaces between each layer as well as the heteroepitaxial growth of sample stacks, which explains the high performance of the samples. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Binary alloys

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Quantifying electrochemical losses in perovskite solar cells

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Journal of materials Chemistry C 2023年第8期11卷 2911-2920页

作者： Tulus, None Wang, Junke Galagan, Yulia von Hauff, Elizabeth Physics of Energy Department of Physics & Astronomy Faculty of Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam1081 HV Netherlands Jakarta10340 Indonesia TNO - Solliance Eindhoven5656 AE Netherlands National Taiwan University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Taipei106 Taiwan Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technical University of Dresden Dresden Germany Dresden Germany

We quantify electrochemical losses in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) films with impedance analysis. We focus on the characteristic signatures of impedance spectra taken from PSCs, in particular the negative capacitance hook widely observed in the low frequency regime. We elucidate the underlying physical origin for the negative capacitance by applying a generalized equivalent circuit model (ECM) for PSCs that accounts for fast electrical dynamics resulting in high frequency (HF) signatures due to electronic processes, and much slower electrochemical dynamics that result in low frequency (LF) signatures in the spectra. We observe relaxation times faster than 10−6 s in the HF regime that can be attributed to electrical dynamics, while relaxation times longer than 10−3 s in the LF regime that are consistent with electrochemical dynamics. The voltage-dependence and timescales of the electrochemical dynamics are consistent with MA+ and I− migration in the MAPbI3 absorber layer. At higher applied voltages, we observe a highly non-linear response from the PSC which is consistent with irreversible chemical changes in the MAPbI3 absorber. We demonstrate how ECM modelling combined with the analysis of ECM fit quality is a useful approach for in situ monitoring and quantitative diagnosis of loss mechanisms in PSC. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Relaxation time

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