We present a new approach to enriching under-specified representations of content to be realized as text. Our approach uses an attribute grammar to propagate missing information where needed in a tree that represents ...
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The Command Support At-Sea Experiment (CS@SE) provides experimental advanced graphics display systems consisting of large screen color displays and operator console color displays in the combat information center (CIC...
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The Command Support At-Sea Experiment (CS@SE) provides experimental advanced graphics display systems consisting of large screen color displays and operator console color displays in the combat information center (CIC) of an Aegis cruiser and in the tactical flag command center (TFCC) of an aircraft carrier. CS@SE systems are designed to prototype potential command support capabilities in an at-sea environment to validate and refine requirements for planned production system upgrades. These systems use sophisticated color graphics techniques to provide real-time tactical displays that improve the availability of information to an operator by reducing clutter through the use of color, area fill, transparen overlays and intensity coding of track symbols. Interfaces wen developed with the Aegis Display System (ADS), Shipboarc Gridlock System with Auto-correlation (SGS/AC), Flag Dats Display System (FDDS) and Tomahawk Engagement Planning and Exercise Evaluation System (TEPEE) that provided the data for the presentation of a tactical display. Display elements included both real-time and over-the-horizon (OTH) surface track data, velocity leaders, tags, uncertainty ellipses, and history trails. The display also included filled land masses, country boundaries, commercial airways, cities, graphics overlays (i.e., operational areas), weapon system missile performance contours, and engagement plans. This paper describes the experiment, its installation and integration into the shipboard environments of an Aegis cruiser (USS Leyte Gulf ) and an aircraft carrier (USS America , its usage by the ships companies and embarked staffs, and the experiment result! and findings. Key conclusions of the experiment are: 1 Advanced graphics color displays can significantly enhance the ability of the warfighter to assimilate a complex tactical display. 2 Both ships reported a requirement for a correlated OTH and real-time track display with the ability to clearly differentiate the two types
Finding knowledge – or meaning – in data is the goal of every knowledge d- covery e?ort. Subsequent goals and questions regarding this knowledge di?er amongknowledgediscovery(KD) projectsandapproaches. Onecentralque...
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ISBN:
(数字)9783540476986
ISBN:
(纸本)9783540476979
Finding knowledge – or meaning – in data is the goal of every knowledge d- covery e?ort. Subsequent goals and questions regarding this knowledge di?er amongknowledgediscovery(KD) projectsandapproaches. Onecentralquestion is whether and to what extent the meaning extracted from the data is expressed in a formal way that allows not only humans but also machines to understand and re-use it, i. e. , whether the semantics are formal semantics. Conversely, the input to KD processes di?ers between KD projects and approaches. One central questioniswhetherthebackgroundknowledge,businessunderstanding,etc. that the analyst employs to improve the results of KD is a set of natural-language statements, a theory in a formal language, or somewhere in between. Also, the data that are being mined can be more or less structured and/or accompanied by formal semantics. These questions must be asked in every KD e?ort. Nowhere may they be more pertinent, however, than in KD from Web data (“Web mining”). Thisis due especially to the vast amounts and heterogeneity of data and ba- ground knowledge available for Web mining (content, link structure, and - age), and to the re-use of background knowledge and KD results over the Web as a global knowledge repository and activity space. In addition, the (Sem- tic) Web can serve as a publishing space for the results of knowledge discovery from other resources, especially if the whole process is underpinned by common ontologies.
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