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2023 AIChE Annual Meeting

作者： Yousefi, Hanie Mahmud, Alam Chang, Dingran Das, Jagotamoy Gomis, Surath Chen, Jenise B. Wang, Hansen Been, Terek Yip, Lily Coomes, Eric Li, Zhijie Mubareka, Samira McGeer, Allison Christie, Natasha Gray-Owen, Scott Cochrane, Alan Rini, James M. Sargent, Edward H. Kelley, Shana O. Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3M2 Canada Department of Chemistry Department of Biochemistry Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H6 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3G4 Canada Department of Chemistry University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3H6 Canada Sunnybrook Research Institute TorontoONM4N 3N5 Canada Division of Infectious Disease Department of Medicine University of Toronto TorontoONM5G 2C4 Canada Department of Microbiology Sinai Health System TorontoONM5G 1X5 Canada Combined Containment Level 3 Unit University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 1A8 Canada Department of Molecular Genetics and Combined Containment Level 3 Unit University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 1A8 Canada Department of Molecular Genetics Department of Biochemistry University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 1A8 Canada

The development of new methods for direct viral detection using streamlined and ideally reagent-free assays is a timely and important, but challenging, problem. The challenge of combatting the COVID-19 pandemic has been exacerbated by the lack of rapid and effective methods to identify viral pathogens like SARS-CoV-2 on-demand. Existing gold standard nucleic acid-based approaches require enzymatic amplification to achieve clinically relevant levels of sensitivity and are not typically used outside of a laboratory setting. Here, we report reagent-free viral sensing that directly reads out the presence of viral particles in 5 minutes using only a sensor-modified electrode chip. The approach relies on a class of electrode-tethered sensors bearing an analyte-binding antibody displayed on a negatively charged DNA linker that also features a tethered redox probe. When a positive potential is applied, the sensor is transported to the electrode surface. Using chronoamperometry, the presence of viral particles and proteins can be detected as these species increase the hydrodynamic drag on the sensor. This report is the first virus-detecting assay that uses the kinetic response of a probe/virus complex to analyze the complexation state of the antibody. We demonstrate the performance of this sensing approach as a means to detect, within 5 min, the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its associated spike protein in test samples and in unprocessed patient saliva. © 2021 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Coronavirus

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Hypoglycemic activity of curcuma mangga val. Extract via modulation of GLUT4 and ppar-γ mrna expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

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Journal of Experimental Pharmacology 2020年 12卷 363-369页

作者： Pujimulyani, Dwiyati Yulianto, Wisnu Adi Setyowati, Astuti Arumwardana, Seila Kusuma, Hanna Sari Widya Sholihah, Ika Adhani Rizal, Rizal Widowati, Wahyu Maruf, Ali Faculty of Agroindustry University of Mercu Buana Yogyakarta Yogyakarta 55753 Indonesia Biomolecular and Biomedical Research Center Aretha Medika Utama Bandung 40163 Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Indonesia Jakarta 16424 Indonesia Medical Research Center Faculty of Medicine Maranatha Christian University Bandung 40164 Indonesia Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants Bioengineering College Faculty of Medicine Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China

Background: There would be over 600 million people living with diabetes by 2040 as predicted by the World Health Organization. Diabetes is characterized by raised blood sugar and insulin resistance. Insulin regulates the influx of glucose into the cell by upregulating the glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expression on the plasma membrane. Besides, PPAR-γ also controls the metabolism of glucose in adipose tissues. Curcuma mangga Val., denoted as C. mangga, is a native Indonesian medicinal plant that has many beneficial effects, including an antidiabetic potential. Purpose: In this research, we aimed to disclose the hypoglycemic activity of ethanol extract of C. mangga (EECM) in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts-derived adipocyte cells in regulating glucose uptake as confirmed by the GLUT4 and PPAR-γ gene expression. Methods: The uptake of glucose was determined using radioactive glucose, while the gene expression of GLUT4, PPAR-γ, and β-actin was quantified using mRNA segregation and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results: We discovered that EECM interventions (200 and 50 μg/mL) increased glucose uptake in lipid-laden 3T3-L1 cells by 14.75 and 8.86 fold compared to the control noninsulin, respectively (p < 0.05). At the same doses, they also increased GLUT4 mRNA expression by 8.41 and 11.18 fold compared to the control non-insulin, respectively (p < 0.05). In contrast, EECM interventions (200 and 50 μg/mL) showed lower levels of PPAR-γ mRNA expression compared to the control metformin, indicating the anti-adipogenic potentials of EECM. Conclusion: EECM showed hypoglycemic activity in lipid-laden 3T3-L1 cells by improving glucose ingestion into the cells, which was mediated by increased GLUT4 expression and downregulated PPAR-γ expression. © 2020 Pujimulyani et al.

关键词： 3T3-L1 adipocytes Curcuma mangga Val Glucose uptake GLUT4 PPAR-γ

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Is an Ultra Large Natural Image-Based Foundation Model Superior to a Retina-Specific Model for Detecting Ocular and Systemic Diseases?

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hou, Qingshan Zhou, Yukun Goh, Jocelyn Hui Lin Zou, Ke Yew, Samantha Min Er Srinivasan, Sahana Wang, Meng Lo, Thaddaeus Lei, Xiaofeng Wagner, Siegfried K. Chia, Mark A. Yang, Dawei Jiang, Hongyang Ran, AnRan Santos, Rui Somfai, Gabor Mark Zhou, Juan Helen Chen, Haoyu Chen, Qingyu Cheung, Carol Yim-Lui Keane, Pearse A. Tham, Yih Chung Department of Ophthalmology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust London United Kingdom Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering University College London London United Kingdom Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore Singapore Singapore Institute of Ophthalmology University College London London United Kingdom Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Ophthalmology Stadtspital Zürich Zurich Switzerland Spross Research Institute Zurich Switzerland Department of Ophthalmology Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary Centre for Sleep and Cognition Centre for Translational MR Research Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Joint Shantou International Eye Center Shantou University the Chinese University of Hong Kong Guangdong Shantou China Shantou University Medical College Guangdong Shantou China Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science Yale School of Medicine Yale University New Haven United States Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore

The advent of foundation models (FMs) is transforming medical domain. In ophthalmology, RETFound, a retina-specific FM pre-trained sequentially on 1.4 million natural images and 1.6 million retinal images, has demonstrated high adaptability across clinical applications. Conversely, DINOv2, a general-purpose vision FM pre-trained on 142 million natural images, has shown promise in non-medical domains. However, its applicability to clinical tasks remains underexplored. To address this, we conducted head-to-head evaluations by finetuning RETFound and three DINOv2 models (large, base, small) for ocular disease detection and systemic disease prediction tasks, across eight standardized open-source ocular datasets, as well as the Moorfields AlzEye and the UK Biobank datasets. DINOv2-large model outperformed RETFound in detecting diabetic retinopathy (AUROC=0.850–0.952 vs. 0.823-0.944, across three datasets, all P≤0.007) and multi-class eye diseases (AUROC=0.892 vs. 0.846, P Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ophthalmology

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Can large language models provide useful feedback on research papers? A large-scale empirical analysis

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liang, Weixin Zhang, Yuhui Cao, Hancheng Wang, Binglu Ding, Daisy Yi Yang, Xinyu Vodrahalli, Kailas He, Siyu Smith, Daniel Scott Yin, Yian McFarland, Daniel A. Zou, James Department of Computer Science Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Kellogg School of Management Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Information Science Cornell University IthacaNY14850 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Graduate School of Education Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States

Expert feedback lays the foundation of rigorous research. However, the rapid growth of scholarly production and intricate knowledge specialization challenge the conventional scientific feedback mechanisms. High-quality peer reviews are increasingly difficult to obtain. Researchers who are more junior or from under-resourced settings have especially hard times getting timely feedback. With the breakthrough of large language models (LLM) such as GPT-4, there is growing interest in using LLMs to generate scientific feedback on research manuscripts. However, the utility of LLM-generated feedback has not been systematically studied. To address this gap, we created an automated pipeline using GPT-4 to provide comments on the full PDFs of scientific papers. We evaluated the quality of GPT-4’s feedback through two large-scale studies. We first quantitatively compared GPT-4’s generated feedback with human peer reviewer feedback in 15 Nature family journals (3,096 papers in total) and the ICLR machine learning conference (1,709 papers). The overlap in the points raised by GPT-4 and by human reviewers (average overlap 30.85% for Nature journals, 39.23% for ICLR) is comparable to the overlap between two human reviewers (average overlap 28.58% for Nature journals, 35.25% for ICLR). The overlap between GPT-4 and human reviewers is larger for the weaker papers (i.e., rejected ICLR papers;average overlap 43.80%). We then conducted a prospective user study with 308 researchers from 110 US institutions in the field of AI and computational biology to understand how researchers perceive feedback generated by our GPT-4 system on their own papers. Overall, more than half (57.4%) of the users found GPT-4 generated feedback helpful/very helpful and 82.4% found it more beneficial than feedback from at least some human reviewers. While our findings show that LLM-generated feedback can help researchers, we also identify several limitations. For example, GPT-4 tends to focus on certain aspects

关键词： Quality control

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A review of diagnostic imaging approaches to assessing Parkinson's disease

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Brain Disorders 2022年 6卷 100037-100037页

作者： Samson, Ethan Noseworthy, Michael D. McMaster School of Biomedical Engineering McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Imaging Research St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton ON Canada Department of Radiology McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McMaster University 1280 Main St. West Hamilton L8S 4K1 ON Canada

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a pervasive, chronic, progressively debilitating neurodegenerative disorder that commonly presents with a series of motor-related symptoms, including resting tremor, stiffness, bradykinesia, and issues with balance and reflexes leading to postural instability and an impaired gait. Since it's official classification, much has been studied regarding the clinical features, etiology, and neuropathophysiology of PD. An array of similar conditions, known as Parkinsonian syndromes, have also been identified. In addition to the clinical presentation of motor and non-motor related symptoms, histological analyses have revealed the presence of protein clusters and cellular changes in the brain that are indicative of PD. Since histology is necessarily performed post-mortem on the patients sectioned brain, it is not of use in diagnostic purposes. However, with the use of medical imaging technologies, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear medicine imaging techniques, characteristic morphological and metabolic changes in the brain, which occur in the earlier stages of the disease, have been uncovered. Despite these technological advancements, PD is still typically diagnosed via clinical analysis. With the uncertainty associated with this technique, and the development of observable motor-related symptoms occurring after a significant amount of neurodegeneration, diagnosis of PD in its early stages is not possible. A review of the diagnostic imaging approaches to assessing PD could spread awareness of their efficacy and their potential for earlier diagnosis. Not only could this information inform public health policy in a similar manner to the recommendations for mammographic scans, the early diagnosis of PD is necessary for the implementation of any potential interventions. © 2022

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Medical imaging Parkinson's disease Parkinsonian syndromes Positron emission tomography (PET) Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)

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Spatial atlas of the mouse central nervous system at molecular resolution (vol 622, pg 552, 2023)

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NATURE 2024年第7993期625卷 E6-E6页

作者： Shi, Hailing He, Yichun Zhou, Yiming Huang, Jiahao Maher, Kamal Wang, Brandon Tang, Zefang Luo, Shuchen Tan, Peng Wu, Morgan Lin, Zuwan Ren, Jingyi Thapa, Yaman Tang, Xin Chan, Ken Y. Deverman, Benjamin E. Shen, Hao Liu, Albert Liu, Jia Wang, Xiao Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Boston MA USA Computational and Systems Biology PhD Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Klarman Cell Observatory Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA

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Performance analysis of multi-reconfigurable intelligent surface-empowered THz wireless systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Boulogeorgos, Alexandros-Apostolos A. Chatzidiamantis, Nestor Sandalidis, Harilaos G. Alexiou, Angeliki Di Renzo, Marco Digital Systems University Of Piraeus Piraeus18534 Greece Department Of Electrical And Computer Engineering Aristotle University Of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki54124 Greece Department Of Computer Science And Biomedical Informatics University Of Thessaly Lamia35131 Greece Université Paris-Saclay CNRS CentraleSupélec Laboratoire Des Signaux Et Systèmes 3 Rue Joliot-Curie Gif-sur-Yvette91192 France

In this paper, we introduce a theoretical framework for analyzing the performance of multi-reconfigurable intelligence surface (RIS) empowered terahertz (THz) wireless systems subject to turbulence and stochastic beam misalignment. In more detail, we extract a closed-form expression for the outage probability that quantifies the joint impact of turbulence and misalignment as well as the effect of transceivers' hardware imperfections. Our results highlight the importance of accurately modeling both turbulence and misalignment when assessing the performance of multi-RIS-empowered THz wireless systems. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Alignment

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Integrated sensing and delivery of oxygen for next- generation smart wound dressings

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 991-1006页

作者： Manuel Ochoa Rahim Rahimi Jiawei Zhou Hongjie Jiang Chang Keun Yoon Dinesh Maddipatla Binu Baby Narakathu Vaibhav Jain Mark Michael Oscai Thaddeus Joseph Morken Rebeca Hannah Oliveira Gonzalo L.Campana Oscar W.Cummings Michael A.Zieger Rajiv Sood Massood Z.Atashbar Babak Ziaie School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907 INUSA Birck Nanotechnololgy Center 1205W State StreetWest Lafayette 47907 INUSA School of Material Science Engineering Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907 INUSA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Western Michigan University4601 Campus Drive B-236Kalamazoo 49008 MIUSA School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907 INUSA Indiana University School of Medicine 980 West Walnut StreetBuilding R3 Room C634Indianapolis 46202 INUSA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIU Health Pathology Laboratory350W 11th StreetRoom 4054IndianapolisIN 46202USA Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47907 INUSA Present address:Shenzhen MSU-BIT University ShenzhenChina

Chronic wounds affect over 6.5 million Americans and are notoriously difficult to *** oxygenation of the wound bed is one of the most critical and treatable wound management factors,but existing oxygenation systems do not enable concurrent measurement and delivery of oxygen in a convenient wearable ***,we developed a low-cost alternative for continuous O 2 delivery and sensing comprising of an inexpensive,paper-based,biocompatible,flexible platform for locally generating and measuring oxygen in a wound *** platform takes advantage of recent developments in the fabrication of flexible microsystems including the incorporation of paper as a substrate and the use of a scalable manufacturing technology,inkjet ***,we demonstrate the functionality of the oxygenation patch,capable of increasing oxygen concentration in a gel substrate by 13%(5ppm)in *** platform is able to sense oxygen in a range of 5–26 *** vivo studies demonstrate the biocompatibility of the patch and its ability to double or triple the oxygen level in the wound bed to clinically relevant levels.

关键词： patch smart printing

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Comb-calibrated Raman Spectroscopy of Molecular Hydrogen

Comb-calibrated Raman Spectroscopy of Molecular Hydrogen

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (CLEO EUROPE)

作者： Marco Lamperti Lucile Rutkowski Daniele Ronchetti Davide Gatti Riccardo Gotti Giulio Cerullo Franck Thibault Hubert Jóźwiak Szymon Wójtewicz Piotr Masłowski Piotr Wcisło Dario Polli Marco Marangoni Dipartimento di Fisica Politecnico di Milano and IFN-CNR Lecco Italy Department of Science and High Technology University of Insubria Como Italy Univ Rennes CNRS IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251 Rennes France Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Universitá degli studi di Pavia Pavia Italy Faculty of Physics Institute of Physics Astronomy and Informatics Nicolaus Copernicus University Torun Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345995

Molecular hydrogen and its isotopologues are key systems to test quantum electrodynamics (QED) at molecular length scales, as their energy levels can be calculated with high accuracy[1]. Comparison of the theoretical values with highly accurate experimental determinations of transition frequencies allows one to test QED and theories beyond the standard model of particle physics[2]. Recent accurate measurements of rovibrational frequencies of HD and D2, covering mostly the second overtone band, have shown a systematic deviation between measured and calculated transition frequencies. Yet, available measurements on H2 are characterized by uncertainties one order of magnitude larger than theory.

关键词： Frequency combs Frequency measurement Hydrogen Molecular spectroscopy Quantum electrodynamics Raman spectroscopy

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Cell Alignment Modulated by Surface Nano-Topography – Roles of Cell-Matrix and Cell-Cell Interactions

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2021年

作者： Coyle, Stephen Doss, Bryant Huo, Yucheng Singh, Hemang Raj Quinn, David Hsia, K. Jimmy LeDuc, Philip R. Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Department of Biological Sciences Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Department of Computational Biology Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States

Cell alignment is critical in numerous areas, from tissue engineering to biohybrid robotics. Cell alignment is modulated through many features including surface topographies, mechanical cues from cell-matrix interactions, and cell-cell interactions. In this study, we present our approach to examine the role of surface topographies and cell-cell interactions with respect to cell alignment. We developed an approach to create wavy surface topographies at the nanometer size scale, which when integrated with cell culture affects cell alignment. Within a defined range of wavelengths and amplitudes of the surface topographies, cell alignment is dependent on culture confluency. This cell alignment’s dependence on confluency suggests that cell-cell interactions related to alignment may be correlated to cell-matrix interactions. Thus, we inhibited N-cadherin related cell-cell interactions through introduced anti-N-cadherin while culturing cells on our controlled surface topographies. We found that when using anti-N-cadherin, cells on patterned surfaces required greater confluency to achieve the same alignment to cell culture not in the presence of the antibody. Our results will be important in numerous areas including tissue repair, cell differentiation, and biohybrid systems. © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topography

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