Metasurfaces have pioneered significant improvements in sensing technology by tailoring strong optical responses to weak signals. When designed with anisotropic subwavelength geometries, metasurfaces can tune response...
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Acoustofluidic techniques are increasingly used to manipulate nano- and micro-particles in microfluidics. A wide range of acoustofluidic devices integrating microchannel and acoustic sources have been developed for ap...
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We propose a computationally efficient algorithm for seizure detection. Instead of using a purely data-driven approach, we develop a hybrid model-based/data-driven method, combining convolutional neural networks with ...
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Generative modeling has emerged as a promising direction in computational pathology, offering capabilities such as data-efficient learning, synthetic data augmentation, and multimodal representation across diverse dia...
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This review summarizes published findings of the beneficial and harmful effects on the heart, lungs, immune system, kidney, liver, and central nervous system of 47 drugs that have been proposed to treat COVID-19. Many...
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This review summarizes published findings of the beneficial and harmful effects on the heart, lungs, immune system, kidney, liver, and central nervous system of 47 drugs that have been proposed to treat COVID-19. Many of the repurposed drugs were chosen for their benefits to the pulmonary system, as well as immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. However, these drugs have mixed effects on the heart, liver, kidney, and central nervous system. Drug treatments are critical in the fight against COVID-19, along with vaccines and public health protocols. Drug treatments are particularly needed as variants of the SARS-Cov-2 virus emerge with some mutations that could diminish the efficacy of the vaccines. Patients with comorbidities are more likely to require hospitalization and greater interventions. The combination of treating severe COVID-19 symptoms in the presence of comorbidities underscores the importance of understanding the effects of potential COVID-19 treatments on other organs.
We train a neural network to predict the optical properties (center wavelength λ0, linewidth, sensitivity S) of photonic crystal slab structures. We are able to faithfully model the results to within 1% for λ0 and S...
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To achieve 2 - fold improvement in reconstructed image Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) compared to state-of-the-art TOF-PET scanners, we have evaluated CTR performance of three different mixed-signal front-end electronic ...
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Over 1.4 billion chest X-rays (CXRs) are performed annually due to their cost-effectiveness as an initial diagnostic test. This scale of radiological studies provides a significant opportunity to streamline CXR interp...
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We have developed a scalable detector readout design for a 100 ps coincidence time resolution (CTR) TOF- PET system. The basic PET detector elements are based on 3×3×10 mm3 "LGSO" scintillation cry...
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Objective. Advances in electrode technology have facilitated the development of neuroprostheses for restoring motor/sensory function in disabled individuals. Information extracted from a whole nerve, recorded using cu...
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Objective. Advances in electrode technology have facilitated the development of neuroprostheses for restoring motor/sensory function in disabled individuals. Information extracted from a whole nerve, recorded using cuffs, can provide signals that control the operation of neuroprostheses. However, the amount of information that can be extracted from a tripolar cuff - which provides the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) - is limited. The physical symmetry of the tripolar cuff results in neural recordings that cannot differentiate afferent versus efferent signals. In this study, we introduced a tetrapolar cuff to achieve low-noise and directionally sensitive recording. Approach. The tetrapolar cuff was initially designed using a computational approach. A finite element model was used to solve the electric potential generated at the electrode contacts by active electrical sources, such as the nodes of Ranvier and an artifact noise source. The resulting single fiber action potentials (SFAPs) and artifact noise signals (ANS) were used to characterize the performance of the tetrapolar configuration of the electrode length (EL) and electrode edge length (EEL) on simulated SFAP and ANS. The feasibility of using a tetrapolar cuff to differentiate afferent/efferent action potentials by applying potassium chloride in anesthetized rats was also investigated. Main results. Both the computational and experimental results of this study indicated that directional recording can be achieved using a tetrapolar cuff. Testing different design criteria (e.g. EL and EEL) showed that at EL values above 15 mm and EEL 2 mm, the tetrapolar cuffs can yield larger SNRs than equally-sized tripolar cuffs. Significance. This study indicated that low-noise directionally sensitive measurement of neural activity can be achieved with a tetrapolar cuff. The experimental results confirmed the feasibility of using a tetrapolar cuff to differentiate afferent/efferent signals by applying potassium chlorid
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