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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： D. Wulich E.I. Plotkin M.N.S. Swamy W. Tong Center of Signal Processing and Communications Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University Montreal QUE Canada Department of ECE Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beersheba Israel

An application of a constrained notch filter (CNF) for filtering a sine signal with arbitrary varying frequency is considered. It is shown that the concept of CNF can be easily extended to time-varying CNF (TVCNF) whose coefficients vary with time according to the rule of frequency variation of the considered FM signal. Such a TVCNF is able to reject the FM signal and at the same time remain transparent to any other signal. The main problem in TVCNF implementation is to provide a proper control (synchronization) of its coefficients. An application of the TVCNF for the enhancement of an arbitrary signal corrupted by a strong FM interference is investigated. It is shown that if the synchronization is based on the input mixture, then for any negative signal-to-interference ratio (SIR<<0 dB) at the input of the TVCNF, the SIR at its output reaches 0 dB.< >

关键词： Frequency modulation Interference Frequency synchronization Adaptive filters Background noise Communication system control signal processing Application software Filtering signal design

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SCALED AND SCALING-FREE McCLELLAN TRANSFORMATIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF 2-D DIGITAL FILTERS

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Journal of Circuits, Systems and computers 1991年第1期1卷 105-124页

作者： N. NAGAMUTHU M. N. S. SWAMY Centre for Signal Processing and Communications (CENSIPCOM) Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia University Montreal Quebec H3G 1M8 Canada

In this paper, the scaling problem of McClellan transformation used for the design 2-D digital filters with elliptical and circular cutoff contours is critically analyzed. Several new and extremely simple formulas for calculating the maximum and minimum values of the transformation function are presented. Using these extreme values, simple formulas for scaling factors and scaled McClellan transformations are derived for the various cases of each type of contour. Using the necessary and sufficient conditions for a scaling-free transformation, the scaling-free McClellan transformations are also derived. It is shown that the number of independent coefficients in them to be optimized varies from 0 to 2 depending on the case, compared to 3 in the original transformation. They are very useful in deriving analytical expressions for the transformation coefficients, and the 2-D filters designed by employing them have a smaller number of multiplications per output sample and hence, attractive for real-time applications. A new scaling formula is presented and some of its properties and effects on the derived formulas are discussed. The major advantage of this new formula is that from the unscaled transformation coefficients for a given type of 2-D filter, we can generate the scaled transformation coefficients for a different type of 2-D filter. Some examples are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the derived formulas.

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Nonlinear adaptive filtering of systems with hysteresis by quantized mean field annealing

Nonlinear adaptive filtering of systems with hysteresis by q...

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IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for signal processing

作者： R.A. Nobakht S.H. Ardalan D.E. Van den Bout International Business Machines Corporation NC USA Center of Communications and Signal Processing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

A technique for nonlinear adaptive filtering of systems with hysteresis has been developed which combines quantized mean field annealing (QMFA) and conventional RLS/FTF adaptive filtering. Hysteresis is modeled as a nonlinear system with memory. Unlike other methods which rely on Volterra and Wiener models, this technique can efficiently handle large order nonlinearities with or without hysteresis effects. The nonlinear channel is divided into a memory nonlinearity followed by a dispersive linear system. Assuming that the dispersive linear system is stationary during initialization, and the nonlinearity does not change while the dispersive linear system varies with time, QMFA is applied to obtain the coefficients and the order of the memory of the nonlinearity and RLS/FTF is applied to determine the weights of the dispersive linear system. Application of this method to a full duplex digital subscriber loop is made. Simulations show the superior performance of our technique compared to that of ordinary RLS/FTF and steepest-descent algorithms.< >

关键词： Adaptive filters Hysteresis Dispersion Linear systems Resonance light scattering Nonlinear systems Neural networks Simulated annealing Least squares approximation Adaptive signal processing

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Performance analysis of reservation random access protocols for cellular packet communications

Performance analysis of reservation random access protocols ...

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IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM '91: Countdown to the New Millennium. Conference Record

作者： S. Jangi L. Merakos Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Communications and Digital Signal Processing Research Center Northeastern University Boston MA USA Hughes Network Systems Germantown MD USA

An analysis method for evaluating the performance of a class of RRA (reservation random access) protocols is developed. The method is based on a Markovian model whose stationary solution is obtained via an iterative computational procedure based on matrix decomposition techniques. Subject to a maximum delay constraint, the steady state probability of voice packet dropping is evaluated for three RRA protocol examples and comparisons are made with the performance of an ideal hypothetical multiplexer. Suggestions for the design of integrated voice/data RRA protocols are made. The transient performance of RRA protocols is evaluated.< >

关键词： Performance analysis Access protocols Delay Speech Base stations Time division multiple access Digital signal processing Data engineering Iterative methods Matrix decomposition

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System identification from frequency samples of the bispectrum

System identification from frequency samples of the bispectr...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： H.M. Valenzuela Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Spatial and Temporal Signal Processing Center Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA

A system identification technique for general noncausal, nonminimal-phase autoregressive moving-average (ARMA) processes is presented. The technique combines rational modeling from frequency response samples with system identification from higher-order statistics information. The formulation is based on samples of the bispectrum along a straight line on the frequency plane, referred to as a bispectrum slice. The identification is carried out in two steps; first a rational model of the bispectrum slice is obtained via solution of two uncoupled systems of equations and, subsequently, the coefficients of the underlying ARMA model are obtained by using closed-form expressions. The method is verified through simulations.< >

关键词： System identification Transfer functions Additive noise Frequency response signal processing Higher order statistics Gaussian noise Equations Frequency domain analysis Noise robustness

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Tree structures for time-frequency signal analysis

Tree structures for time-frequency signal analysis

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： A.N. Akansu Y. Liu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Center of Communication and Signal Processing Research New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA

The popular orthonormal decomposition techniques such as block transforms and filter banks for multiresolution signal representation are unified. Their comparative performance results based on signal energy compaction are presented for image and AR(1) sources. It is observed that the filter banks with computationally efficient filtering algorithms and irregular tree structures are potential competitors to the block transforms, particularly for image processing and coding applications.< >

关键词： Tree data structures Time frequency analysis signal analysis Filter bank Energy resolution signal resolution signal representations Compaction Filtering algorithms Image processing

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On radar signal detection in partially correlated clutter

On radar signal detection in partially correlated clutter

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Conference on Digital Avionics Systems (DASC)

作者： L.A. Prastitis J. Frank S.D. Himonas Center of Communications and Signal Processing Department of Electrical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA Department of Electrical Engineering New York Institute of Technology New York NY USA

The authors propose a new adaptive thresholding technique for Rayleigh envelope distributed signals and noise, in which noise power residues instead of noise power estimates are processed. The proposed detector is referred to as the residual cell averaging (RCA) constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector. They describe and analyze the RCA-CFAR detector. Possible extensions of this work are briefly stated. The merits of the proposed technique in rejecting interferences in the noise samples are also discussed.< >

关键词： Radar clutter signal detection Detectors Working environment noise Testing Background noise Matched filters Probability Radar signal processing Interference

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Optimum detection of Rayleigh signals in nonstationary noise

Optimum detection of Rayleigh signals in nonstationary noise

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International Phoenix Conference on computers and communications (IPCCC)

The authors propose an adaptive thresholding procedure for Rayleigh envelope distributed signals and noise, where noise power residues instead of noise power estimates are processed. It is shown that it is the optimum constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector when the noise samples are statistically independent and identically distributed in the sense that its detection performance approaches that of the ideal (fixed threshold) detector as the number of noise samples becomes very large. The authors also discuss the merits of the proposed technique in rejecting interferences in the noise samples.< >

关键词： signal detection Working environment noise Detectors Testing Background noise Clouds Matched filters Probability Radar signal processing Radar applications

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A comparison of absolute moment block truncation coding and the minimum mean square error quantizer

A comparison of absolute moment block truncation coding and ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： K.-K. Ma S.A. Rajala Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Center of Communication and Signal Processing North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA IBM Corporation Raleigh France

The Lagrange multiplier optimization technique is used to derive an exact relationship between absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) and the minimum mean square error quantizer (MMSEQ). In addition, using computer simulation it is shown that the perceptual difference between the decoded images using these two approaches is almost unnoticeable. Furthermore, AMBTC and MMSEQ are separately incorporated into a subband coding scheme. The perceptual difference between the reconstructed images with subband coding is unnoticeable. While the MMSEQ requires an iterated search for the optimum threshold AMBTC uses the local mean value as the threshold. As a result, AMBTC is more practical than the MMSEQ.< >

关键词： Mean square error methods Image coding Quantization signal processing algorithms Lagrangian functions signal processing computer simulation Iterative decoding Image reconstruction Pixel

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Exact noise analysis of 'ideal' SC networks

Exact noise analysis of 'ideal' SC networks

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： L. Toth K. Suyama Department of Signal Processing and Computer Science Research Institute of Telecommunication (TKI) Budapest Hungary Department of Electrical Engineering and Center of Telecommunications Research Columbia University New York NY USA

An exact analytical method is presented for computing noise generated in switched capacitor networks (SCNs) including the effects due to frequency-dependent low-frequency (i.e. 1/f noise) as well as broadband noise sources. The low-frequency noise source is modeled by the square of the magnitude of a rational function. A lossy SCN containing finite ON-resistances associated with MOS switches exhibits a well-defined output noise even when a limit-value computation is used to force the resistances to zero. The limit-value computation technique to determine this remaining average power spectral density takes advantage of the complete-charge-transfer assumption fully, and thus leads to an efficient noise analysis. The technique avoids the computation of eigenvalues or matrix exponentials even though the ON-resistors must be formulated.< >

关键词： Low-frequency noise 1f noise Circuit noise Noise shaping Noise generators Frequency Switches signal processing Switched capacitor networks Active noise reduction

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