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Class-conditional domain adaptation for semantic segmentation

Computational Visual Media 2024年第5期10卷 1013-1030页

作者： Yue Wang Yuke Li James H.Elder Runmin Wu Huchuan Lu School of Information and Communication Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Computer Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science York UniversityToronto M3J 1P3Canada Department of Computer Science the University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Semantic segmentation is an important sub-task for many ***,pixel-level ground-truth labeling is costly,and there is a tendency to overfit to training data,thereby limiting the generalization *** domain adaptation can potentially address these problems by allowing systems trained on labelled datasets from the source domain(including less expensive synthetic domain)to be adapted to a novel target *** conventional approach involves automatic extraction and alignment of the representations of source and target domains *** limitation of this approach is that it tends to neglect the differences between classes:representations of certain classes can be more easily extracted and aligned between the source and target domains than others,limiting the adaptation over all ***,we address:this problem by introducing a Class-Conditional Domain Adaptation(CCDA)*** incorporates a class-conditional multi-scale discriminator and class-conditional losses for both segmentation and ***,they measure the segmentation,shift the domain in a classconditional manner,and equalize the loss over *** results demonstrate that the performance of our CCDA method matches,and in some cases,surpasses that of state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： domain adaptation generative adversarial networks semantic segmentation cityscapes

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Optimizing IoT Network Intrusion Detection: A Deep Learning Approach 7

Optimizing IoT Network Intrusion Detection: A Deep Learning ...

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7th Conference on Cloud and Internet of Things, CIoT 2024

作者： Alam, Khorshed Monir, Md Fahad Hassan, Zoheb Habib, Md Tarek Department of Computer Science & Engineering Bangladesh Virginia Tech Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Université Laval Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356717

Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) serves as a essential component in data protection by monitoring computer networks for threats that can bypass conventional defenses such as malware and hackers. Deep learning (DL) techniques provide a promising approach for analyzing raw IoT network data to identify subtle patterns indicative of intrusion attempts. This study addresses a crucial research gap by developing a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) model specifically designed for the efficient detection of stealthy and polymorphic variants while reducing false positives. Utilizing the NF-ToN-IoT dataset, the proposed model achieves outstanding performance metrics on test data, with an accuracy of 0.9923, precision of 0.9925, recall of 0.9979, and F1 score of 0.9952. To comprehensively evaluate the robustness of the model, a multi-dataset validation strategy is employed. The model is retrained and assessed on established benchmark datasets on IoT Networks, including NF-UNSW-NB15, NF-UNSW-NB15-v2 and NF-BoTIoT, demonstrating exceptional performance. Furthermore, the significance of the contribution is validated by comparing the proposed model against previously established architectures such as CNN+BiLSTM, DNN, GRU+RNN, and CNN+LSTM using the NF-ToN-IoT dataset. The proposed model consistently outperforms these prior models, highlighting its efficacy and advancements in the field. Additionally, an ablation study is conducted to analyze the individual components of the Deep CNN model, providing insights into their contributions towards detecting malware traffic and offering guidance for optimizing future NIDS models in the cybersecurity domain. Making our work available open-source on https://***/codewithkhurshed/IDSIUB can enhance its accessibility and promote future research opportunities in Network Intrusion Detection. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Network intrusion

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An AI-Enabled Framework for Transparency and Interpretability in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第3期82卷 5057-5078页

作者： Isha Kiran Shahzad Ali Sajawal ur Rehman Khan Musaed Alhussein Sheraz Aslam Khursheed Aurangzeb Department of Computer Science University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore39161Pakistan Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie Alma Mater Studiorum—Universita di BolognaBologna40126Italy Department of Information Sciences University of EducationLahore54770Pakistan Department of Computer Science National Textile UniversityKarachi CampusKarachi74900Pakistan Department of Computer Science National Textile UniversityFaisalabad37610Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Engineeringand InformaticsCyprus University of TechnologyLimassol3036Cyprus Department of Computer Science CTL EurocollegeLimassol3077Cyprus

Cardiovascular disease(CVD)remains a leading global health challenge due to its high mortality rate and the complexity of early diagnosis,driven by risk factors such as hypertension,high cholesterol,and irregular pulse *** diagnostic methods often struggle with the nuanced interplay of these risk factors,making early detection *** this research,we propose a novel artificial intelligence-enabled(AI-enabled)framework for CVD risk prediction that integrates machine learning(ML)with eXplainable AI(XAI)to provide both high-accuracy predictions and transparent,interpretable *** to existing studies that typically focus on either optimizing ML performance or using XAI separately for local or global explanations,our approach uniquely combines both local and global interpretability using Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations(LIME)and SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP).This dual integration enhances the interpretability of the model and facilitates clinicians to comprehensively understand not just what the model predicts but also why those predictions are made by identifying the contribution of different risk factors,which is crucial for transparent and informed decision-making in *** framework uses ML techniques such as K-nearest neighbors(KNN),gradient boosting,random forest,and decision tree,trained on a cardiovascular ***,the integration of LIME and SHAP provides patient-specific insights alongside global trends,ensuring that clinicians receive comprehensive and actionable *** experimental results achieve 98%accuracy with the Random Forest model,with precision,recall,and F1-scores of 97%,98%,and 98%,*** innovative combination of SHAP and LIME sets a new benchmark in CVD prediction by integrating advanced ML accuracy with robust interpretability,fills a critical gap in existing *** framework paves the way for more explainable and transparent decision-making in he

关键词： Artificial Intelligence cardiovascular disease(CVD) explainability eXplainable AI(XAI) interpretability LIME machine learning(ML) SHAP

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An electrical Impedance Imaging System Towards Edge Intelligence for Non-Destructive Testing of Concrete

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 883-896页

作者： Abolfazl Roshanpanah Mahdi Abbasi Hani Attar Ayman Amer Mohammad R.Khosravi Ahmed A.Solyman Department of Electrical Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityScience and Research BranceTehran ***Iran Department of Computer Engineering Bu-Ali Sina UniversityHamedan ***Iran Department of Energy Engineering Zarqa UniversityZarqa 13110Jordan Department of Computer Engineering Persian Gulf UniversityBushehr ***Iran Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ArchitectureNişantaşıUniversityIstanbul 34398Turkey

In the construction industry,to prevent accidents,non-destructive tests are necessary and *** impedance tomography is a new technology in non-invasive imaging in which the image of the inner part of conductive bodies is reconstructed by the arrays of external electrodes that are connected on the periphery of the *** equipment is cheap,fast,and edge *** this imaging method,the image of electrical conductivity distribution(or its opposite;electrical impedance)of the internal parts of the target object is *** image reconstruction process is performed by injecting a precise electric current to the peripheral boundaries of the object,measuring the peripheral voltages induced from it and processing the collected *** an electrical impedance tomography system,the voltages measured in the peripheral boundaries have a non-linear equation with the electrical conductivity *** paper presents a cheap electrical Impedance Tomography(EIT)instrument for detecting impurities in the concrete.A voltage-controlled current source,a micro-controller,a set of multiplexers,a set of electrodes,and a personal computer constitute the structure of the *** conducted tests on concrete with impurities show that the designed EIT system can reveal impurities with a good accuracy in a reasonable time.

关键词： non-destructive testing system concrete electrical impedance tomography

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Cyber-Resilient IoT-Based Battery Energy Storage Systems in Power Distribution System

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IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2025年第3期61卷 4566-4577页

作者： Rafy, Md Fazley Boateng, Ellis Oti Krishnan, Vignesh Venkata Gopala Srivastava, Anurag K. West Virginia University Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering MorgantownWV26505 United States

Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are critical for addressing the intermittent nature of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in power distribution networks. By enabling real-time monitoring and remote control, Internet of Things (IoT)-based BESS controllers are essential to optimize energy storage and ensure efficient management and operation of the power distribution grid. However, the proliferation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in IoT-based associated control for BESS introduces cyber vulnerabilities. This paper contributes to a) analyzing the cyber-security challenges and threat landscape faced by IoT-based BESS controllers, b) developing a practical approach to formulate cyber-physical resilience metrics to assess the performance of IoT-based BESS under realistic cyber threat scenarios, c) developing detection and mitigation strategies to improve the cyber-resilience of the IoT based BESS. The proposed cyber-physical resilience metrics and defense mechanisms are validated using a real-time cyber-physical co-simulation testbed, consisting of Typhoon HIL, OpenDSS, and Mininet. The testbed simulates a number of practical-scenarios, and the proposed scheme is effective in quantifying the cyber-physical resilience and mitigating the effects of cyber threats in IoT-based Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Zero-dynamics attack detection based on data association in feedback pathway

Cognitive Robotics

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Cognitive Robotics 2025年 5卷 126-139页

作者： Zhang, Zeyu Li, Hongran Todo, Yuki Division of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Kanazawa University Ishikawa Kanazawa9201192 Japan School of Computer Engineering Jiangsu Ocean University Jiangsu Lianyungang222005 China Faculty of Electrical Information and Communication Engineering Kanazawa University Ishikawa Kanazawa9201192 Japan

This paper considers the security of non-minimum phase systems, a typical kind of cyber-physical systems. Non-minimum phase systems are characterized by unstable zeros in their transfer functions, making them particularly susceptible to disturbances and attacks. The non-minimum phase systems are more vulnerable to zero-dynamics attack (ZDA) than minimum phase systems. ZDA is a stealthy attack strategy that exploits the internal dynamics of a system, remaining undetectable while causing gradual system destabilization. Recent cyber incidents have demonstrated the increasing risk of such hidden attacks in critical infrastructures, such as power grids and transportation systems. This paper first demonstrates that the existing ZDA has the limitation of falling into local convergence, and then proposes an enhanced zero-dynamics attack (EZDA), which overcomes local convergence by diverging system data. Furthermore, this paper presents an autoregressive model which can build the data association between the original data and the forged data. By observing the fluctuations in state values, the presented model can detect not only ZDA, but also EZDA. Finally, numerical simulations and an application example are provided to verify the theoretical results. © 2025

关键词： Cyber attacks

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A Two-Level Neural-RL-Based Approach for Hierarchical Multiplayer Systems Under Mismatched Uncertainties

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2025年第3期6卷 759-772页

作者： Zhong, Xiangnan Ni, Zhen Florida Atlantic University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Boca RatonFL33431 United States

AI and reinforcement learning (RL) have attracted great attention in the study of multiplayer systems over the past decade. Despite the advances, most of the studies are focused on synchronized decision-making to attain Nash equilibrium, where all the players take actions simultaneously. On the other hand, however, in complex applications, certain players may have an advantage in making sequential decisions and this situation introduces a hierarchical structure and influences how other players respond. The control design for such system is challenging since it relies on solving the coupled Hamilton-Jacobi equation. The situation becomes more difficult when the learning process is exposed to complex uncertainties with unreliable data being exchanged. Therefore, in this article, we develop a new learning-based control approach for a class of nonlinear hierarchical multiplayer systems subject to mismatched uncertainties. Specifically, we first formulate this new problem as a multiplayer Stackelberg-Nash game in conjunction with the hierarchical robust-optimal transformation. Theoretical analysis confirms the equivalence of this transformation and ensures that the designed control policies can achieve stable equilibrium. Then, a two-level neural-RL-based approach is developed to automatically and adaptively learn the solutions. The stability of this online learning process is also provided. Finally, two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed learning-based robust control design. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Occupancy Map Guided Attributes Artifacts Removal for Video-Based Point Cloud Compression

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ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications 2024年第12期20卷 1-20页

作者： Chen, Peilin Wang, Shiqi Li, Zhu Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Missouri-Kansas City KansasMO United States

Point clouds offer realistic 3D representations of objects and scenes at the expense of large data volumes. To represent such data compactly in real-world applications, Video-Based Point Cloud Compression (V-PCC) converts their texture into 2D attributes and occupancy maps before applying lossy video compression. Unfortunately, the coding artifacts introduced in the decoded attribute maps eventually degrade the quality of the reconstructed point cloud, thereby influencing its immersive experience. This article proposes a deep learning-based attribute map enhancement method that fully leverages the occupancy map's guidance. The design philosophy is that the cross-modality guidance from occupancy can be leveraged as critical information to enhance the attribute. Therefore, instead of treating attribute and occupancy as two separate sources of signals, occupancy serves as an indispensable auxiliary, such that the proposed framework explicitly provides the model with abundant clues by conducting local feature modification and global dependencies aggregation. In particular, the proposed framework is compatible with existing V-PCC bitstreams and can be feasibly incorporated into the standardized decoder pipeline. Extensive evaluations show the effectiveness of the proposed framework in attribute enhancement, with equivalently 6.0% Bjontegaard Delta-rate (BD-rate) savings obtained. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Image compression

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Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 153-171页

作者： Philippe Vachon Srinivas Merugu Jaibir Sharma Amit Lal Eldwin J.Ng Yul Koh Joshua E.-Y.Lee Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of Microelectronics Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore SonicMEMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSWAustralia

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves(GFWs)generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator(MAWA).By harnessing the potential of GFWs,cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved,unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip *** localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising *** traditional acoustofluidic technologies,the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation,irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic ***,the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane *** demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport,mixing,and spatial separation based on particle diameter,along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS *** experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.

关键词： waveguide fluid cavity

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Simulation Tools for Cognitive Radio Network: A Survey

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 1-27页

作者： Islam, A. K. M. Muzahidul Bin Rabbani, Rakin Aadeeb, Md. Shadman Zareei, Mahdi Mansoor, Nafees Zubaer, Molla Md. United International University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1212 Bangladesh BRAC University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1212 Bangladesh Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and Sciences Monterrey64849 Mexico University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka1209 Bangladesh Department of Electrical Electronic and Communication Engineering Dhaka1216 Bangladesh

Due to recent expansion of wireless communications, it has become impossible to cope with the allotment of the precious spectrum while resources for wireless communication are bounded and finite. Hence, the cognitive radio concept is introduced to ensure optimal utilization of these invaluable resources. By emerging research in the field of cognitive radio network, fresh researchers are looking for a suitable simulator for the cognitive radio network since the implementation and testbed is not practical and feasible invariably. Moreover, there is no simulator that has been designed with cognitive radio networks in mind. Furthermore, this research area is relatively new. Therefore, often it becomes very hard to decide which network simulator to work with, as the availability of reference is significantly low. As a result, much effort is required to make a proper decision. In this paper, we take a detailed look at current simulators used by researchers in the field of cognitive radio networks to help researchers identify appropriate tools for simulation. To further aid researchers, we classify the simulation tools, demonstrate their architectures, describe features, elucidate advantages and disadvantages of these tools, and report some open issues and challenges for future research. © 2025 The Authors.

关键词： Cognitive radio

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